I-toxicosis le nkinga ibizwa kuphela ngoba ihlotshaniswa nokukhulelwa futhi ngemuva kokuba idlule. Futhi ngokuqondile uyibiza nge-gestosis. Mayelana nokuthi yi-toxicosis ephuzile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, yini ehambisane nendlela yokubhekana nayo, futhi izoxoxwa ngezansi.
Iyini igestosis?
Akukhona ukuthi i-toxicosis ephuzile izohambisana ne-nausea nokuhlanza. Ake sithi nakakhulu, i-toxicosis yakhe-owesifazane ngokuvamile akakwazi ukuzwa futhi azizwe ephephile ngokuphelele. Lokho kuyiqhinga! Izimpawu zayo eziyinhloko: amaprotheni emcimbini, umfutho wegazi ophakeme nokuvuvukala. Futhi omunye wabo ukwanele ukusola ukuthi kukhona into enhle.
Isibonelo, ukuvuvukala. Zivela ngenxa ye-seepage ingxenye engxenyeni yegazi (i-plasma) esuka emithanjeni yegazi ibe yizicubu. I-Edema ngokwayo ivame kakhulu kwabesifazane endaweni "ezithakazelisayo". Kodwa into eyodwa lapho imilenze ivuleka kuphela kusihlwa, futhi ekuseni yonke into iyadlula. Futhi okunye okunye, lapho ukuvuvukala kube yinto engapheli, izicathulo azitholi uhamba, ubuso, izandla, kanye neyendandatho yomshado ziqinile eduze komunwe. Uma ukuvuvukala kufihliwe, khona-ke ukutholakala kwabo kungaveza ukwanda okusheshayo kwesisindo, ukukhuphuka kwe-ankle okungaphezu kuka-1 cm phakathi nesonto futhi kunciphise inani lomchamo wamahora angu-24. Iprotheni emcimbini ibonakala ngenxa yezizathu ezifana nokuvuvukala - iprotheyini yegazi igxuma ngaphakathi kodonga lwamasongo, futhi izinso ziqala ukuzisusa emzimbeni.
Ukuphakama kwengcindezi yegazi engxenyeni yesibili yokukhulelwa kuyingozi ngoba kuhambisane nokuphazamiseka kwemithambo yegazi ye-placenta. Futhi lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu omncane ngeke athole okwanele okwanele kanye nezakhi ezivela emzimbeni womama. Ngakho i-intrauterine hypoxia (i-oxygen starvation), ukuphakama nokunciphisa kwengane, futhi ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu ingane ingase ife. Eyingozi ingcindezi engaphezu kuka 140/90, ezincwadini zangaphandle - 160/110. Izinguquko ezinjalo kwabesifazane abakhulelwe zingaholela ekuhloleni ikhanda, isizungu, ubuthakathaka, umsindo ezindlebeni, ukucabangela, ukuhlanza, "ukukhanya kwezimpukane phambi kwamehlo akho."
Izigaba ze-toxicosis esedlule
Ukuwa kwamanzi. Noma nje - ukuvuvukala. Ukucindezela akukakabi sikali futhi ukuhlaziywa komchamo akubanga imbangi. Odokotela ngokuvamile batusa ukuphuza okuncane futhi banike ukudla okasawoti. Kodwa isimo sengqondo kulesi sakhiwa sesibuyekeziwe. Kuvela ukuthi owesifazane okhulelwe ophethe i-edema emzimbeni, ngokudabukisayo, akwanele uketshezi olwanele, ushiya izitsha kuze kube yizicubu. Ngakho-ke, kumelwe siphuze. Kodwa usawoti ngempela uyisitha esigcina uketshezi emzimbeni. Futhi awudingi nje kuphela ekudleni ukasawoti, kodwa nokugwema ukudla okuqukethe usawoti oluningi. Uma ukuvuvukala kungaphathwa, bangaya kwi-nephropathy.
I-Nephropathy. Lokhu akukhona kuphela i-edema, kodwa futhi nokucindezelwa kwegazi eliphezulu, nokushintsha ekuhlaziyweni komchamo. Noma kunjalo, lezi zimpawu zingaba khona ngokwabo, noma kunoma iyiphi inhlanganisela. Kubalulekile ukukala inani lomchamo okhishwe, futhi uma lihlala linciphisa, likhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo. Ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-nephropathy iphakeme kunalabo labo, ngaphandle kokukhulelwa, abanenkinga nezinso, ingcindezi. Ngempela, ukukhulelwa kuyisisusa sezifo eziningi. I-Nephropathy yokuhlukumezeka okuhlukile kuyingozi kumbili umntwana kanye nomama. Ngakho-ke, ungacabangi ukwenqaba ukungena esibhedlela. Ikakhulukazi kusukela lapho i-nephropathy ingaya khona ngaphambi kwe-eclampsia.
Preeclampsia. Ngaphezu kwakho konke okushiwo ngenhla, kulesi sigaba kunekhanda elinzima, ukuphazamiseka okubukwayo noma ubuhlungu esiswini. Kukhona ukucabangela, ukuhlanza, ukucasula, ukukhathazeka, ukuzithemba, ukulala nokulala noma, ngokuphambene, ukulala, inkumbulo ingaphulwa. Ekuhlaziyweni kwegazi, inani lamaplatelet liyancipha, okungukuthi, i-coagulability yegazi iyancipha, ngaphezu kwalokho, umsebenzi wesibindi unzima.
I-Eclampsia. Ukudumala, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, ukucindezeleka kwegazi, ukuphazanyiswa kwazo zonke izinhlelo ezinkulu nezinhlaka. Ukubonakala kokugubha kungabangela ubuhlungu noma isimo esicindezelayo, ngisho nalokho "okungenabungozi" njengomsindo nokukhanya okukhulu. Owesifazane ulahlekelwa ukuqonda, ukuphefumula kuyayeka, futhi imisipha yomzimba wonke iqala ukwehlisa ubuciko be-tetanically (okungukuthi, isikhathi eside). Ukuhlaselwa kuthatha amaminithi angu-1-2, emva kwalokho owesifazane kancane kancane uthola ulwazi, kodwa akakhumbuli okwenzekile. Inhloko yakhe iyabuhlungu, futhi izwa iphukile. Ngesinye isikhathi izigameko zingase zilandelane.
Into eyingozi kunazo zonke ukuthi i-eclampsia ingabangela ukubola kwesisu ebuchosheni, empilweni ye-lungema nokufa komntwana. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokubeletha, kancane kancane ngemuva nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ngenxa yokulondoloza impilo yomama nengane, ukulethwa kokuqala noma isigaba se-cearean kwenziwa. Isifo se-toxicosis esiphuthumayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa siyingozi ngenxa yemiphumela yaso. Abesifazane bangakha ukukhubazeka kwezinso ezingenasifo nomfutho wegazi ophezulu.
Kungani kunjalo?
Umbono owodwa nowokugcina odokotela mayelana nezimbangela zokuvela nokuthuthukiswa kwe-gestosis ayitholakali okwamanje. Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-20 eyedlule, iphephandaba lezokwelapha laseMelika lithembisa esidlangalaleni ukuthi lizofaka isikhumbuzo esikhaleni se-University of Chicago kumuntu ozobona uhlobo lwe-toxicity yokukhulelwa kwesikhathi eside. Akusekho isikhumbuzo. Kunezici kuphela ezaziwayo ezandisa ingozi ye-gestosis:
- uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-40 nangaphansi kweminyaka engama-20;
- ubufebe: i-gestosis ivame kakhulu kwabesifazane abanina omama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa babe nale nkinga;
- izifo ezithinta izifo zangaphakathi (izinso, inhliziyo, isibindi), isifo sofuba, isifo sikashukela;
- ukukhuluphala;
- Ukukhulelwa okuningi kanye nama-polyhydramnios;
- i-toxicosis ngasekupheleni kwesikhathi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwangaphambili;
- ukukhipha isisu sangaphambilini;
- ukucindezeleka.
Kodwa, ngeshwa, ngisho nowesifazane onempilo akaqinisekisiwe ngokumelene ne-toxicosis ephuzile. Ngokungazelelwe, angakwazi ukuthuthukisa kuze kube sekupheleni kokukhulelwa, emavikini angu-34-36. Odokotela bachaza lokhu ngokuhluleka kwezindlela eziguquguqukayo zomzimba ngenxa yokwanda kwengcindezi, ukucindezeleka, ukungondleki noma ukushisa okubandayo.
Sizokwenzenjani?
Gwema ukuhlala esibhedlela ngokubonakala kwezibonakaliso ze-toxicosis ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kunokuba kuhambisane nesimo sokugula, ngeke uphumelele. Phela, kuphela izimo zesibhedlela kungase kutholakale ngokugcwele isimo somama nesisu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli ezinjalo ngokuvamile zibonisa ukuthula okuphelele. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile i-valerian ekhethiwe futhi i-motherwort. Uma udinga ukunciphisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi, i-antispasmodics isetshenziswa. Ukulahlekelwa kwamaprotheni kufakazelwa ngamalungiselelo amaprotheni, nokuphelelwa amanzi emanzini ngamanzi. Umkhulelwe kumele ahlolisise i-optometrist, ukuze isimo se-fundus singahlulele izinga lokunciphisa izitsha. Ezimweni ezimbi, uma ukwelashwa kungasiza, owesifazane okhulelwe uthunyelwa ukulethwa okuphuthumayo ukugwema i-eclampsia.
Indlela yokuzivikela?
I-gestosis ithinteka yi-16% kuya ku-20% yabesifazane abakhulelwe. Ukuze ugweme ukungena kulezi zibalo, qala ukugcina izinyathelo ezilula zokuvimbela. Ekubonisaneni kwabesifazane, bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe bahlolelwa njalo umchamo kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi. Abesifazane benza ukugaya amazinyo abo: ngubani ozofuna ukuncintisana emtholampilo ekuseni. Ikakhulukazi uma uzizwa uhle. Esikhathini esilandelayo, lapho imicabango enjalo ikuvakashela, khumbula ukuthi i-toxicosis ephuzile ayikwazi ukuzibonakalisa. Futhi ukuhlaziywa ngesikhathi esifanele kungasiza ukuqala ukwelashwa ekuqaleni.
Ukulinganisa njalo kusiza ukuthola ukuvuvukala okufihliwe. Kusukela cishe amasonto angama-32, isisindo sowesifazane okhulelwe kufanele sikhule ngamaphesenti angu-50 ngosuku, noma 350-400 amagremu ngesonto, noma 1.6-2 kilograms ngenyanga. Ukuze wonke ukhulelwe, owesifazane, okungcono, kufanele athole ama-12-15 kilogram. Yiqiniso, ukuthi imvelo ngayinye ingumuntu ngamunye, futhi ukudlula kwalokhu kubonakaliswa akusho njalo ukuthi yikuphi ukugula. Kodwa kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuthi ingozi yokuthuthukiswa kwayo nezinkomba ezinjalo ikhula nakakhulu.
Njalo ulinganise umjikelezo we-shin - lokhu kuzovumela ukuthi kutholakale ukuvuvukala ngesikhathi. Futhi ungakhohlwa ukulawula uphawu lwesithathu oluyingozi - umfutho wegazi. Kunconywa ukwenza lokhu ekhaya, njalo futhi kuzo zombili izandla. Udokotela ekubonisaneni kwabesifazane, nakanjani, uzophinde enze izilinganiso zokulawula. Kodwa, okokuqala, kwabanye abantu, ngenjabulo noma ukwesaba udokotela, ingcindezi ingagxuma ngesikhathi sokulinganisa. Okwesibili, kulula ukulawula izipikha ezingavamile ezingcindezi ngokwakho. Ungakhohlwa ukutshela udokotela wakho mayelana nezilinganiso zakho.
Ngokuvamile, labo abasengozini yokuthuthukisa i-toxicosis ephuzile, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngalokhu nodokotela ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, futhi ngisho nangcono, ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Okokuqala, lokhu kusebenza ezigulini ezinezifo zenhliziyo, i-nephritis ne-pyelonephritis, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, izinqubo zokuvuvukala endaweni yesisu, i-myoma, ukukhuluphala, ukuphazamiseka okuhlukahlukene ohlelweni lwe-endocrine. Uma umama wakho noma udade wakho ezwa igestosis yabesifazane abakhulelwe, le ndebe ayikwazi ukukuhluleka. Futhi nakakhulu uma ngabe i-gestosis yayisekukhulelwe kwakho kwangaphambilini.
Kodwa-ke, kusukela i-toxicosis ekupheleni kwesikhathi isifo esingenakulinganiswa ngokuphelele, udinga ukuzivikela, ngisho nowesifazane onempilo kakhulu. Okokuqala, zivikele ekucindezelekeni nasekukhathazeni. Ukuze ufeze ukuthula okuphelele, akuvunyelwe ukuba usebenzise i-motherwort ne-valerian. Ukulala okungenani amahora angu-9 ngosuku, bukhoma ngokuvumelana nombuso, udle ngehora, futhi kusihlwa - njalo uhambe emoyeni omusha.