Abamele be-genus bahlale bevundlile, benamahlumela ezinwabuzelayo, noma izihlahla ezinama-curly nezitshalo. Amaqabunga ayenamapulangwe, i-oval in shape, ephelele, enesikhumba futhi enomzimba. Ama-inflorescences axillary nezimbali eziqoqwe ngezimbulunga; I-corolla enezinyosi, i-rounded-pentaden; umqhele we-5 convex, obukhulu, flat, bententate kanye dissected izikhala.
Lezi zitshalo ezingavamile kakhulu zokuhlobisa. Zibekezelela kahle ukumelela komoya, ngakho-ke zingakhula zombili emakhayeni apholile futhi afudumele. Ku-hoyi, kudingwa uhlobo oluhlukile lokusekela, lapho amahlumela abo afana namagilebhisi afakwa khona.
Ukunakekela isitshalo
Ukukhanyisa kufanele kube okukhanyayo, isitshalo se-inxy ivy esiphezulu siphendula kahle ngemiphumela yelanga elikhanyayo. Kodwa lapho ilanga emahoreni asehlobo elishisayo, lesi sitshalo singashiswa.
Kungcono ukukhula emafasiteleni kusukela emaceleni empumalanga noma entshonalanga. Uma efakwe kumafasitela ohlangothini oluseningizimu, ngesikhathi semini amahora ehlobo ukukhanya kufanele kwahlakazeka. Ukwenza lokhu, sebenzisa izambatho ezibonakalayo (i-gauze, i-tulle) noma iphepha (iphepha lokulandelela). Izimila ezazikade zikhona emthunzini noma ezitholakala kuphela akufanele zivele ngokushesha elanga, kuyadingeka ukuba zijwayeze kancane kancane. Uma uhlelwe efasiteleni ene-orientation enyakatho, isitshalo ngeke siphume (akukho ukukhanya okwanele).
Isitshalo se-Autumn-winter pritenyat asidingeki. Ezinyangeni zentwasahlobo, lapho izinga lokukhanyisa landa, ukuze ugweme ukushisa, ukukhanya okuningi kufanele kufundiswe kancane kancane.
Ehlobo, okufanele kakhulu ukutshala isitshalo kusuka ku-22 kuya kuma-25 ° C. Ekwindla nobusika, izinga lokushisa akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-16 ° C (ngaphandle kwe-H. carnosa, engagcinwa ebusika ngo-12-14 ° C). Ebusika i-Hoyu ingagcinwa ngo-20-22 ° C, kepha ukuvuna kuyobe kuningi kakhulu. Igumbi lapho uHoyya ekhula khona kumele kube njalo umoya, ugweme izakhi.
Kusukela ngo-Mashi kuya ku-Okthoba, lesi sitshalo kumele siphuze amanzi amaningi athambile ngokweqile njengoba ungqimba oluphezulu lwezwe selomile. Kusukela ekwindla, i-hoyu yanciphisa kancane kancane, kuphela izinsuku ezingu-2-3 ngemva kokumisa ungqimba ophezulu lomhlaba. Amanzi okuchelela angafudumala kancane. Uma uphelela ngokuphelele ukutshala lesi sitshalo noma ukuwaphuza kakhulu, izimpande ziyofa kancane, lesi sitshalo sizobuthakathaka bese singena esikhathini sokudla.
Ekwindla nangentwasahlobo (izikhathi ezimbili ngonyaka), kubalulekile ukucwilisa lesi sitshalo ngamaminithi angu-30-40 emanzini, okushisa kusuka ku-30 kuya ku-40 ° C. Umhlaba ugobethwa ngamanzi amahora amabili. Lezi zinyathelo zisiza ukuthuthukisa ukukhula nokusheshisa.
Ngokwe-wax ivy, umswakama emoyeni awubalulekile, kodwa ukupunga kuyadingeka. Spray kumele kube ngokucophelela, ukuze amathonti amathunji awe awezimbali. Phakathi nesikhathi semifino (entwasahlobo nasehlobo), izitshalo kumele zondliwe ngokudla okunomsoco obuncithakalo (njalo emavikini amabili kuya kwamathathu).
Ngaphambi kokukhanya okukhulu, imifino ihlelwa kangcono. I-Wax blo blooms kuze kufike ngo-September.
Lapho ama-buds ehlanganisiwe, isitshalo ngeke sisasuswa, ngaphandle kwalokho izimbali zingase zinyanyeke. Ngaphansi kwe-inflorescences esindayo isekela. Lapho izimbali ziphela, amahlumela amade anqunyulwa, ashiya amagatsha amancane nje, lawo ahlala khona izimbali. Ungaphindi ususe ama-peduncles, ngoba ngonyaka ozayo bazoqhakaza. Ukuze ugcine izitshalo endaweni eqondile, izisekelo eziqinile ziyadingeka.
Izitshalo ezincane kufanele zifakelwe njalo ngonyaka, ngoba izitsha ezinkulu zihlinzeka ngokuthuthukiswa okukhulu kakhulu; Izitshalo kumele zitshalwe njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Izitshalo kufanele zibe nezondlo futhi zibeke kalula, zibuthakathaka futhi zingathathi hlangothi (pH 5.5-7). Kulo, cishe noma yimuphi umhlabathi, isibonelo, ingadi, exutshwe nesihlabathi, kufanelekile. Inhlabathi engcono kunazo zonke zakhiwa amaqabunga, i-clayey-sod ne-greenhouse land (1: 2: 1) noma ivela emaqabunga, i-clayey-turf emhlabathini, i-peat nesihlabathi (1: 2: 1: 1). I-Hoyu enhle (i-N. bella) isetshenziswe kahle kunhlanganisela yamaqabunga omhlaba, i-peat, i-humus nesihlabathi ezinxenyeni ezilinganayo nokwengezwa kwamalahle. Kudinga amanzi amanzi.
I-hoya (waxy ivy) - ifanelekile ukukhula ngaphandle kwenhlabathi (kumazisekelo ezondla).
I-Hoyu isakazwa ngosizo lwe-cuttings ekwindla-entwasahlobo (ngokuvamile, kungenzeka ukuba yande yonke inkathi yemifino). Ama-Cuttings kumele anqunywe ngama-1-st, ama-2-amaqabunga amaqabunga, mhlawumbe angaphezulu. Izimpande ze-petioles azibonakali kuma-nodes, kodwa phakathi kwazo, ngesisekelo salokho, ama-cuttings kufanele anqunywe ngaphansi kwefindo, kodwa kancane kancane. Inhlabathi yokukhiqiza ihlanganiswe kusuka ezingxenyeni ezimbili ze-peat, ingxenye engu-1 yesihlabathi, igxilile ngisho nasemanzini. Ngokuba ukusika, izinga lokushisa akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-20 ° C. Hoya kalula ithatha izimpande futhi ekhaya. Ezimpande (ngosuku lwama-20-25) izihlahla zitshalwe ezitsheni ezingu-9-cm. Lungisa ingxube yezinhlobo eziningana zomhlaba: i-turf - ihora elilodwa, iqabunga - amahora amabili, ama-humus - izingxenye ezingu-0.5 zenhlabathi nesihlabathi - ihora eli-1; Umanyolo obunzima uyongezwa kuwo.
Uma ufuna ukufezekisa izimbali phakathi nonyaka wokuqala, udinga ukusebenzisa indlela ehlukile yokukhiqiza - iziqu zokuqapha. Ukwenza lokhu, ekudubula kwesitshalo esandayo, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuchotshozwa, ukumboze nge-moss emanzi, ukubopha nge-twine bese umboza ifilimu ye-polyethylene. Masinyane emva kokuvela kwezimpande, ingxenye yehlumela, leyo evela phezulu, inqunywe futhi ihlale esitsheni. Ukuze uthole izibonelo ezincane ezithuthukile, ama-cuttings angaphansi kwezingu-3 anqotshwe kufanele atshalwe esitsheni esisodwa.
Ukuze uthole i-branching, isitshalo sezindlu kufanele sithathwe ngemuva kokubunjwa kweqabunga lesithathu noma lesine.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka
- Uma i-t ° iphansi kakhulu, noma ilanga likhanya kakhulu, amaqabunga aqala ukuguquka, angabuna futhi aphephe.
- Uma umoya ekamelweni limile kakhulu futhi lishisa, amaqabunga awela.
- Ngomswakama ngokweqile noma onganele, futhi uma umoya ekamelweni ukomile kakhulu futhi ushisayo, ifihlekile imbali.
- Uma ukuchelela ngamanzi aphelile noma abandayo, amahlumela namaqabunga angawa.
- Ngomswakama obuningi, izimpande kanye nesisekelo se-stem siqala ukubola.
- Uma kungabonakali okwanele nokuhlelwa kabusha, izimbali ziyawa.
- Ukuntuleka kwe-nitrogen enhlabathini kuholela ekunciphiseni ukukhula kwezitshalo, amaqabunga angathola umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ezimweni ezinjalo, ukondla irea u-1 g / l).
- Uma i-t ° iphansi kakhulu, futhi ukuchelela akusile, noma ngokuphambene, amaqabunga angahle aphuzi bese ewa.
- Ukulimala: isicabucabu, i-mealybug, isikhumba, i-whitefly ne-aphid.