Bangobani abafrips futhi bavelaphi?
Ngokuqhubekayo, izinsizakalo zokuhlukanisa izizwe ezizwe zithola izinambuzane ezintsha zezitshalo emazweni azo. Abanye "abahlali" bayakwazi ukunqoba imingcele yombuso ngokuzimela (i-Colorado beetle isuka ePoland ngo-1949, i-butterfly emhlophe yaseMelika yawela ngaphesheya komngcele waseSoviet-Hungarian ngo-1952). Ingxenye enkulu ya "abafokazi" ingenwe ngengozi ngemikhiqizo ethile engenisiwe, kwizimoto ezehlukene. Yilokho ngempela ema-70s ekhulwini lokugcina i-greenfly eza kithi, futhi imuva nje imbali yaseWestern ikhula.
Ngezinye izikhathi ukubukeka "kwabakhohlisi" akulindelekile kubaflorisi. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukubhujiswa kwezinambuzane noma okungenani indawo yangasese ye-foci eyinhloko iba umsebenzi onzima. Ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zingagcwaliswa zingabikezelwa. Futhi kwezinye izimo - ukuvimbela ukusatshalaliswa kwabo okubanzi, isibonelo, thrips.
I-thrips yizinambuzane ezincane kunazo zonke ezinama-0, 5-5 mm ubude. Ehlobo, cishe cishe njalo kubonakala kwi-inflorescences ye-dandelion, i-chicory, emaqabunga e-anyanisi ne-gladiolus. Ukuhamba kuyo yonke indawo bathole idumela lezinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu zezitshalo ezitshalwe. Ukuphuza ama-juice ezikhungwini zezitshalo, ukunciphisa ukukhula kweziqu, amaqabunga, ukuvimbela ukuvulwa kwamahlumela, izimbali eziqhekekile, ukunciphisa ukuhlobisa kwezitshalo. Lezi zinambuzane zivame ukuhambisa ama-virus.
Akuzona zonke izimbali eziye zazi indlela yokuphila yokulwa ne-thrips esanda kuvela futhi eyingozi kakhulu eCalifornia. Futhi sekuyisikhathi sokulungiselela ukuvuselela ukuhlaselwa kwezinhlobo ezintsha - Thrips thrips palmi kanye American echinotrypsis. I-insecticide yokuqala, eqondile yama-orchid, ivela eNingizimu-East Asia, eyesibili - evela eNyakatho Melika.
Thrips American yabonakala eYurophu ngawo-90. "Isango" lezinambuzane ezintsha kwakunguNetherlands ngezindandatho ezidumile zezimbali, eziletha izitshalo emhlabeni jikelele. Kusuka emazweni ngamazwe, ama-thrips adluliselwa ukusika izimbali, ukutshala izinto, izitshalo zokubumba ezihlotsheni. Kuyinto yokugcina - ukudla okuthandayo kuye. I-thrips yaseMelika ehlobisa izimbali ilimaza izimbali, kanti i-thrips yaseMelika iningi ilimaza amaqabunga, lapho abesifazane bebeka khona amaqanda.
Ngama-20 ° C, isizukulwane esisodwa se-thrips siqala ngenyanga nehafu, futhi ku-30 ° emavikini amabili. Insikazi isilinganiso samaqanda angaba ngu-80. Ezimweni ze-hothouse nezigumbini, i-thrips isakaza kabanzi ngonyaka. Zonke izigaba zokuthuthukiswa kwe-thrips ziya kuphela ezitshalweni. Emagqabeni ungahlangana namaqanda, izibungu ezineminyaka emibili kanye nabantu abadala ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ngakho-ke, inzalo eningi yabantu abaningana abalethe isitshalo, unyaka uma ingabulali, khona-ke ngisho nesitshalo esikhulu siyokhubeka ngokujulile. Ekuqaleni, umsebenzi wabo ubangela ukubonakala kwamabala aphuzi. Kodwa kakade izinambuzane eziyishumi eshidi ziwanele ukuze ziqale ukuphela. Ukudla kwabantu abangama-30-40 kungaholela ekutheni kukhishwe ama-leaffall, okuqala ngama-lower tiers. Futhi nakuba i-thrips engavamile ukuholela isitshalo sokufa, kodwa ngokuphawulekayo iyanciphisa ukuhlobisa kwayo. Iyakhuphula izidakamizwa ezingaphezu kuka-100. I-thrips iphinde ihlasele izitshalo zezolimo: i-clover, ikhukhamba, utamatisi, i-pepper.
Abalimi be-flower bangase bavele babize izitshalo ezifana nabanye kunama-trypses. Lawa yizithunywa ze-aroid (i-spathiphilium, i-syngonium, i-diffenbachia, abanturium, i-philodendron) ne-balsamic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, "u-alien" ulimaza kakhulu i-acalifu, i-asparagus, i-bamboo, i-codaium, i-kordilini, i-chrysanthemums, i-dracenes, i-molochae, i-ficus, i-ivy hibiscus, i-passionflower, i-imeyili-romium, i-rhododendron, ne-ragwort.
Indlela yokubhekana ne-thrips?
Indlela yokubhekana nale nhlekelele, uma isesitshalo? Maye, siyaqaphela ukuthi azikho izindlela eziningi eziphumelelayo zokubhekana ne-thrips. Isilinganiso sokuvikelwa kwezitshalo kusuka echinotrypsa yaseMelika ngokujwayelekile asikhuliswa kahle. Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali akusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lokhu kubangelwa kokuphila okulindelekile kwe-thrips, nokuphikisana kwayo nezinambuzane eziningi.
EYurophu, abaholi emkhakheni wokukhiqiza kwemikhiqizo yokuvikelwa kwemvelo njengombhali othembekile wemvelo wenombolo yezinambuzane batusa indlela yokulawula yezinto eziphilayo. Amaflorist asebenzisa izitha zawo zemvelo: ama-thrips asetshenziselwa ama-Franklinothrips vespiformis nezimbungulu ze-Orius yenhlobo. Bobabili nalabo abanye bangakuthenga kakade ezitolo zezimbali zamazwe aseNtshonalanga Yurophu namadolobha amakhulu aseRussia.
Njengoba njalo, izinyathelo zokuzivikela zihlala ziphumelela. Kusobala ukuthi iqanda elincane elibekwa yinkathazo emzimbeni wesitshalo cishe akunakwenzeka. Ihlala kuphela ukugcina izinto ezintsha zokungeniswa ngaphakathi futhi ngokushesha ukulahla ama-specimens ngempawu ezichazwe umonakalo. Futhi amafemu amakhulu aseRashiya ahlinzeka izitshalo ezinkulu zokuhlobisa emakethe yasekhaya kufanele aqiniseke ukuthi ipulazi lomlingani wangaphandle aligcini le nkathazo.
Indlela ephilayo yokulwa ne-thrips inekamva elihle. Phela, lokhu kuyindlela engokwemvelo engalimazi uhlelo lwendalo.