Incazelo kanye nezinhlobo zokungezwani komzimba
Ukungezwani komzimba - ukucindezeleka kwamaprotheni angaphandle (isib. Ubisi lwezinkomo, impova, ukufihla izilwane). Isivikelo somzimba sokuzivikela sisithatha njengezinhlayiya eziyingozi futhi senza izifo ezilwa nayo. Lokhu nakho kubangele zonke izinhlobo zezibonakaliso zokungezwani komzimba - i-hay fever, i-asthma ye-bronchial, i-skin rashes. I-allergies ikhula ngokuphindaphindiwe ezingeni lefa (elibizwa ngokuthi i-atopy). Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokungalingani:
Ukungezwani kokudla - ukungezwani komzimba kwezinye izakhi, okuvame ukubonakala ezinganeni ezincane. Izimpawu zihlanganisa: colic ophikisayo, isifo sohudo, ukuhlanza, igazi esitokisini, izilonda zesikhumba (isb., Izihlathi ezibomvu), impumu egijima. Ngokuvamile ukungezwani komzimba kunamaqanda ezinkukhu, soy, inyama yenkomo, inyamazane, inhlanzi, amantongomane, i-cocoa, ushokoledi, ama-strawberries nezithelo ze-citrus. Ngokuvamile - ngamaprotheni okusanhlamvu (gluten). Ukunciphisa umzimba okunomsoco kubonakala ku-90% wezingane futhi kuyanyamalala ekupheleni konyaka wesithathu wokuphila. Ngezinye izikhathi kuqhubeka kumuntu impilo yakhe yonke.
Ukwehla kwesifo sofuba kuyisifo sokungena emzimbeni esiya emzimbeni uma sigxilile. I-rhinitis ye-allergen (ngezikhathi ezithile noma ehlala isikhathi eside) ibonakala ngesimo se-rhinitis yamanzi, ngokuvamile ihambisana ne-conjunctivitis futhi ithaka emehlweni. Ukwelashwa kubandakanya ikakhulukazi ukugwema ukuthintana nezifo ezilimazayo. Uma unezimpawu ezifanayo, sebenzisa anti-inflammatory and antihistamines. Uma ungaphathi lolu hlobo lokungalingani, lungangena ku-asthma.
Ukwelashwa kwesibhedlela - ukuzwela kwesikhumba ukuxhumana nento enjengensimbi, ezinye izimonyo nama-powders.
I-adicic dermatitis (i-atopic eczema, i-pruritus) isifo esibangelwa ukucindezeleka ekudleni noma ezikhungweni eziyingozi. Lesi sifo sibonakala ngokuvame kakhulu ngesimo se-scaly kanye nokubomvu esikhumbeni. Iningi evame ukuthinteka izimbambo, ubuso, amadolo. Kubalulekile ukugwema izifo, ikakhulukazi ngokulimala kwangaphandle (ukusikeka, ukukhwabanisa) esikhumbeni. Esikhathini sokubonakaliswa okujulile kwesifo, udinga ukusebenzisa ama-creams noma amafutha e-steroid. Kuzingane ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-2, zingashintshwa yizikhwama ezintsha ezingezona i-steroidal. Ingane ingabuye ithole ama-antihistamine kumaphilisi.
Amagama ayisisekelo ahlotshaniswa nezifo
Ukuqedwa kokudla ukuhoxiswa okuphelele kokudla okungabangela ukubola. Uma kukhona ukuthuthukiswa - ukudla kudluliselwa isikhathi eside. Uma kwenzeka ubisi, kuthatha okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha ukwelashwa, futhi uma kwenzeka nezinye izifo, ngisho nangaphezulu.
Ama-eosinophils ahlobo lwamaseli amhlophe egazi. Ukuhlushwa kwabo okwandayo egazini nasezikhungweni kungabonisa ukungezwani komzimba.
I-Gluten - amaprotheni ezinqolobaneni (ukolweni, rye, ibhali), okungabangela izifo. Kuze kube yamuva, imikhiqizo equkethe gluten (porridge, isinkwa, pasta) yaziswe ezinganeni ekupheleni kwasebuntwaneni. Kodwa kwenzeka ukuthi ngokungahambisani nokulindela, akukhathaleli ukuvimbela imithi. Ngokuvumelana nezincomo zamuva, i-gluten isetshenziswe kakade ngezinyanga ezingu-6-7 zokuphila kwengane. Ukunakwa sicela! Ukungezwani komzimba ku-gluten akufanele kudidaniswe nokungabekezelelani nesifo se-gluten noma se-celiac.
I-historic imfihlo eyenziwa ngumzimba uma kuziwa nge-allergen. Lona ngumlamuleli oyinhloko wokusabela okweqile, umphumela wokuphela ungaba nezifo zokugaya ukudla, izifo zesikhumba, i-rhinitis, i-asthma. I-Antihistamines iyisisetshenziswa esiyinhloko ekulwa nezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zemithi.
I-immunoglobin i-antibodies eyedlulele ejikeleza egazini labagula kahle. Izinga eliphakeme livame ukukhombisa ukungezwani komzimba, kodwa akusho ukuthi umuntu ugula. Angase abe nesimo esithile, kodwa angaguli. Umphumela wokuphela uyaziwa kuphela emva kokuhlolwa kwezilwane ezithile. Nokho, lokhu kudinga izindlela ezikhethekile zokwelapha.
Ukwehliswa kwemvelo - ukuqeda ukuzwela kwi-allergen ngokusebenzisa imithi. Lena yindlela esetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi i-rhinitis ye-allergen, i-conjunctivitis kanye namafomu omzimba we-asthma. Kuhilela ukwandisa umthamo wezijova ezingaphansi noma uhla ngaphakathi ngaphakathi (ngaphansi kolimi). Ukugoma okunye okulula kuyinto elula futhi emnandi ukuyisebenzisa, kodwa kabili kubiza. Ukuqeda ukwelashwa okungahle kwenzeke kuphele iminyaka emine kuya kwemihlanu.
Izivivinyo zesikhumba zenziwa emtholampilo ukuze ubone ukuthi ingane yakho iyingozi. Udoti lwe-allergen ngayinye lusetshenziswa esikhumbeni futhi ngemva kwemizuzu engu-15 udokotela ufunda imiphumela. Uma kwezinye izindawo kukhona ubomvu namabhalane, lokhu kusho ukuthi ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto, i-histamine yahlukaniswa. I-allergenist ikulinganisa ukuqina kokudonsa esikalini kusuka ku-0 kuya ku-10. Kwesikhashana, ngaphambi kokuba udlule uvivinyo, kufanele uxhumane nomuntu ongenayo imithi futhi unqabe ukwelashwa.
Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Anaphylactic kuyindlela enamandla yokuphendula okwejwayelekile okwenziwe okwenziwe nge-allergic reaction nge-drop down sharpness in blood pressure. Kuhambisana nokujula okubandayo nokuphelelwa amandla. Udinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha.
Izinketho zokwelashwa zokudla okunomsoco, kokudla
Okokuqala ukugwema i-allergen. Nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sengqondo - isikhumba, ukudla - ukwelashwa kwemithi yokungena komzimba kuqala ngokususwa komthombo. Ngezinye izikhathi, isibonelo, gwema ukuxhumana nekati, ungahambi emadolobheni, epaki phakathi nosuku, vala iwindi endlini. Kodwa uma i-allergen cishe yonke indawo (isibonelo, izindlu zethuli) - kunezinkinga. Khona-ke, njengomthetho, ama-antihistamine ayadingeka. Ama-allergen aphakamisa izidakamizwa ze-inhalation (isibonelo, i-salbutamol) ne-anti-inflammatory inhalation steroids (isibonelo, pulmicort, budesonide, cortara). Uma uthola ukwelashwa kolunye uhlobo lwempova, amasonto ambalwa kuphela ngonyaka udinga ukuthatha imithi. Kodwa, ngokwesibonelo, ukubhekana nokucindezeleka okuqinile emithini yemifino yothuli kufanele kuthathwe ngokuqhubekayo.
Uma imithi ingasebenzi, udinga ukucabanga ngemithi yokwelapha. Kuhilela ukwamukelwa kochungechunge lwezilwane ezincane eziqukethe izifo. Ekuqaleni, umthamo owandile unikwa zonke izinsuku ezingu-7-14. Kulesi simo, umzimba uvumelanisa futhi ufunda ukubekezelela izinto eziye zangena kuwo. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-2-4, lapho i-allergen ifinyelela ezingeni elifanele, umthamo uyancipha. Lokhu kuyaqhubeka, njengomthetho, kanye ngenyanga. Yonke inkathi yokwelashwa ingahlala iminyaka emi-5. Ezinganeni ezincane ezesaba kakhulu izinaliti, ezinye izitofu ezilahlayo zibuye zitholakale ngendlela yamaconsi alawulwa ngaphansi kolimi. Ukwelashwa kunganikezwa izingane (ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-5) kanye nabantu abadala (mhlawumbe kuze kube yiminyaka engu-55). Ukuphumelela kokwelashwa ngabanye. Ukwelashwa kwe-pollen yokungezwani komzimba kungu-80%, futhi ngenxa yezingulube ezingu-60%.
Ngisho noma ulawula ukulawula izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba, njengomthetho, usasebenza. Lesi sifo singokuphila. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi ungaphuthelwa izimpawu zokuqala zokungezwani komzimba. Esikhathini esingaphambili sithola ukuthi siyithinteka futhi siqale ukuthatha imithi, kungcono umphumela. Ukunganaki izimpawu kungaba yingozi. Isibonelo, i-edema ye-allergen ye-larynx ingabangela i-dyspnoea eqinile, i-hay fever ingabangela isono nesifo sokulahla indlebe futhi ekugcineni kuholele ekulahlekeni kokuzwa. Izingane eziningi, ngokungazinaki izifo ezingezansi, zihlakulele i-asthma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.