Umndeni we-Araliev ungokwama-Scheffler enhlobonhlobo (ngendlela ehlukile eya eShefler) futhi inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-200 zezitshalo. Izwe lakulo hlobo lucabangela izindawo ezishisayo, noma kuphi emhlabeni. Leli gciwane lihlukaniswe yi-inflorescences, i-paniculate noma i-racemose, efana ne-tentacles. Ukubukeka kwalesi sitshalo kuhle kakhulu, kodwa, ngeshwa kubafaki bezimbali, ezimweni zegumbi kuqhuma kakhulu.
Izimila zalolu hlobo lwama-genus zihlahla noma izihlahla ezincane ezine-leaf shape, okuyinto engavamile ukuba i-rosette izihlahla. Amaqabunga afana nesundu esinezinhlawulo zawo, ezihlukene kakhulu. Leli qabunga linomsakazo kusuka ku-4 kuya ku-12 lobes. Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sitshalo sibhekwa ngokuthi isambulela ngoba izisekelo zamaqabunga awo zivela endaweni efanayo kanye namazwi esambulela.
Isitshalo sendlu se-sheffler, ngokuyinhloko, sikhule ngenxa yamaqabunga, amnandi kakhulu. I-Scheffler ibonakala ngendlela ekhangayo njengento ehlobisa endaweni enkulu kanye negumbi elikhanyayo. Amaqabunga ayo angahlanganiswa ne-wax yamanzi.
Nakekela i-sheffler.
Ukukhanyisa. Lesi sitshalo sezithombe sinama-photophilous kakhulu, ngakho kufanele sigcinwe ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kwelanga eliqondile, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo singashiswa. Nakuba ilanga elincane eliqondile liyakwazi ukuhambisa, kodwa hhayi ehlobo. Ukulima, izingxenye ezisentshonalanga nasempumalanga zifanelekile.
Ebusika, lesi sitshalo sidinga indawo elula kakhulu ekamelweni. Uma izinga lokushisa ekamelweni lingaphezulu kuka-18 ° C, kuyadingeka ukuthi ufake izibani ze-fluorescent, uma kunjalo, kungenzeka. Ingakwazi ukukhula emoyeni ovulekile, kodwa kufanele ifakwe ku-penumbra.
Umbuso wokushisa. Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa kokuqukethwe liyi-20 ° C. Lesi sitshalo siphenduka kahle ekunciphiseni izinga lokushisa ebusuku. Uma sikhuluma mayelana nokushisa okuncane, khona-ke ngesikhathi sasebusika siyi-12C, futhi izinga lokushisa elifunayo liyi-14-16C. Ngaphandle kwalokho kufanele isitshalo sibekwe eceleni kwebhethri.
Ukunisela. Ukunisela i-sheffler kudinga ukusahlobo okusabalalisa kanye nehlobo, kuyadingeka ukuba uziqondise ku-substrate, engxenyeni engenhla, kufanele kube omisiwe futhi ngosuku olulandelayo linganisela. Amanzi athambile futhi azinzile. Ungadluli umhlaba. Ebusika, imvamisa yokuphuza inciphile. Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, izitshalo azikwazi ukuvunyelwa ukuba zichichime kanye nenhlabathi yomhlabathi. Njengoba izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi kufanele libe yindawo noma ngaphezulu, liphinde litheleke ngamanzi ekushiseni okungekho ngaphansi kwekamelo lokushisa.
Ukungcola komoya. Ngokuqondene nomswakama womoya, kufanele wanda. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuhlanza njalo lesi sitshalo ngamanzi noma ukubeka ibhodlela epanethi nge-claydite emanzi, ungakwazi ukupenda. Lokhu kubaluleke nakakhulu uma lesi sitshalo sibheka ukushisa okuphezulu.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Umanyolo womhlaba wonke wezitshalo zasendlini, i-sheffler ingadliwa izikhathi ezimbalwa ngenyanga phakathi nesikhathi sokusebenza kwezimila (lesi yisikhathi kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla).
Ukuhlobisa. Njengoba izihlahla zithatha ukubonakala kwesitshalo, khona-ke ukwakha ukubukeka okuthakazelisayo umuthi wesitshalo utshalwe izikhathi eziningana ebhodweni.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo. Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo akudingeki kaningi, eminyakeni emibili kufanele kwenziwe kanye. I-pot yokufakelwa kabusha kufanele ibe mkhulu ngevolumu. Umhlabathi uyadingeka ukuze kube lula, nge-acidity ephansi (ph 6). Uma ufake i-turf mix (izingxenye ezimbili), i-humus emhlabeni (ingxenye engu-1) nesihlabathi, futhi nengxenye eyodwa, inhlabathi enjalo iyoba kahle. Ngaphansi kwebhodlela, kudingwa amanzi okukhwalithi. Isitshalo se-sheffler singakhula ngendlela ye-hydroponics.
Ukukhiqiza. Ngokuphathelene nokukhiqiza, lokhu kuyinkambinkimbi enzima kakhulu. Lokhu kungenziwa yizimbewu, ama-cuttings noma izingqimba zomoya.
Hlwanyela imbewu kufanele ibe phakathi noma ebusika sekwephuzile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa i-peat ngesihlabathi ngakwesinye isici ngasinye, noma ingxube yeqabunga ne-sod ezweni ngokufaka isihlabathi, zonke izithako ezilinganayo. Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi kumele ichithekele i-disinfected. Uma befisa, imbewu iyafakwa emanzini afudumele ngokufaka i-epine noma i-zircon. Ukufakwa uphawu kufanele kulingane namasayizi amabili enzalo. Emva kwalokho, i-substrate ithuliswa futhi ifakwe endaweni efudumele. Ukushisa kumele kugcinwe esifundeni se + 20-24 ° C. Kubuye kudingekile ukuvuthisa isitsha nge imbewu bese spray. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamapheshana ezitshalweni, kumele zihanjiswe ezimbizeni bese ugcine izinyanga ezintathu ngokushisa kwama-18-20 degrees. Lapho izitshalo ezincane zinezimpande futhi zigcwalise ngazo ngomquba womhlaba, kufanele zifakelwe izimbiza zibe ngu-8 cm ububanzi. Ikamelo elinombho kufanele likhanyise kahle futhi libe lipholile, cishe ngo-14-16C. Izitshalo ezincane ziyakhula ngokukhulayo futhi ekwindla zingatshalwa emabhoshini ngobubanzi obukhulu kakhulu. I-substrate ifanele ingxube efanayo yokutshala imbewu.
Ukukhiqizwa nge-cuttings. Ama-Cuttings, acishe ashintshwe, kufanele aphathwe ngokugqugquzela ukwakha izimpande (isibonelo, i-radiopharm) bese utshala ngenhlanganisela ye-peat nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso esifanayo. Okulandelayo, faka isitsha nayo ebhodini eliphansi, kepha ibhethri ayinconywa. Ukushisa kufanele kube + 20-22C. Isiqukathi esinama-cuttings kufanele siphinde siphofuzwe futhi siphume umoya. Isiqukathi singagubungelwa nge-polyethylene, ngaleyo ndlela sihlukanise ukukhanya. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa kwezinga lokushisa, izinga lokushisa liyancipha libe yi-18-20 ° C. Ngemuva kokuthi izimpande zigcwalise isitsha, izicucu zingatshalwe zibe izimbiza bese zifakwa endaweni epholile (+ 14-16C) nalapho kukhona ukukhanya okuningi.
Uma isitshalo sesitshalo sikhulu, khona-ke singasakazwa yizingqimba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuchotshozwa okuncane esihlahleni entwasahlobo bese uyifaka nge-moss emanzi, ehlanganiswe ne-phytohormone noma isisombululo sezakhi; bese uhlanganisa ifilimu. I-moss kumele ixoxwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ihlale iswakanyiswe. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa endaweni yokusika kuyoba izimpande.
Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwezimpande kuyadingeka ukulinda izinyanga ezimbalwa bese uqeda phezulu ngezimpande ngaphansi kokubunjwa kwezimpande, bese utshala embizeni ehlukile. I-trunk esele akufanele ilahlwe, ngisho noma ingenayo amaqabunga. Kumele uthathe cishe emmpandeni, futhi isiphuzo esiphumele kufanele siphuze (noma sihlanganiswe namanzi angamanzi), futhi ngemva kwesikhashana, kungase kuvele amahlumela ayokhula ngamandla.
Ukuqapha.
I-Scheffler - isitshalo singesilinganiso esincane esinobuthi (zonke izingxenye zayo), ekuxhumana kungabangela i-dermatitis.
Izinkinga ekukhuleni.
- Uma izinga lokushisa lishisa kakhulu ehlobo noma ngokuphambene nalokho, uma liphansi ebusika, uma isitshalo sinomswakama ngokweqile, singalahla amaqabunga.
- Uma i-sheffler ingekho ukukhanya, amaqabunga alahlekelwa ukukhanya kwawo. Futhi uma ukukhanya ngokweqile, khona-ke yizindawo ezikhanyayo.
- Ngomswakama ophezulu womhlabathi, izimpande zingaqala ukubola.
- Uma umoya ungeyomanzi ngokwanele, noma ukuphuza okwanele, amathiphu amaqabunga ayoba nsundu.
- Isitshalo singonakaliswa ama-aphid, ama-scabi noma ama-spider.