Azaleas izimbali ezinhle kakhulu. Izimbali zazo eziningi zihlaba umxhwele. Kwenzeka ukuthi ngenxa yezimbali awukwazi ngisho ukubona amaqabunga. Ngakho-ke, ukuya esitolo sembali ngendlela enhle, kunzima kakhulu ukumelana nokuthenga. Ngama-azaleas afanayo avame ukunikezwa ukuvala abantu esikhundleni se-"dead" bouquet. Phela, i-azaleas ingenye yezitshalo ezinhle kakhulu zomhlaba ekhaya. Esikhathini esidlule, ochwepheshe babakhuthaza abalimi bezimbali ekuthengeni lezi zimbali. Baxwayisa ukuthi babesaphila, ukuthi babengeke bakwazi ukuwakhula ekhaya. Kodwa manje abathandi bezimbali abathandekayo baye bafunda hhayi nje ukuba bakhulise kuzo izimo zangaphakathi, kodwa ngisho nokwanda. Bese kuvela imibuzo embalwa. Futhi ungalondoloza kanjani lesi simangaliso, lesi siqephu sehlobo? Futhi yikuphi ukusetshenziswa kwe-azaleas ekhaya?
Yeka isimangalo!
Azaleas yizihlahla ezinokuhlobisa ezinamaqabunga amancane nezimbali ezinhle. Imbali ngayinye ihluma izinsuku ezingu-20-30, kanti isitshalo sikhiqiza kuze kube ngu-80. Ngakho-ke, i-azalea izimbali cishe izinsuku ezingu-60. Thenga isitshalo lapho kukhona khona amahlumela amaningi angenalutho - khona-ke izoqhakaza isikhathi eside. Futhi uma lesi sitshalo singena nezimbali ezintsha, zizovuna ngokushesha ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okufanele, futhi lesi sitshalo sizophelela ngokushesha. Njengesitshalo sebhodlela, izinhlobo ezimbili zihanjiswa kabanzi: i-Indian azalea (i-Rhododendron Simsa) neJapane azalea (rhododendron obtuse), eyenzeka kaningi. I-azalea yamaNdiya ingahlukaniswa yi-pubescence engaphansi kweqabunga nezimbali ezinkulu.
Izinzuzo zika-azalea.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-azaleas kuyabonakala. Ubuhle bakhe obuhle buvusa imizwa, ukukhulula isilwane nokugula. Kuphawulwe ukuthi abantu abakhula nge-azaleas cishe abahluphekile ngenxa yokucindezeleka kwebusika-ebusika. Futhi lokhu akuyona ingozi! Ngalesi sikhathi lapho ama-azaleas "aqhuma" ngefihlekile elikhanyayo futhi elibucayi, egcwalisa indawo yokuhlala ngobuhle. Akudingeki ukuthi, izindlu zendlu zisiza ukuhlanza igumbi bese ugcwalisa umoya ngokusha. Akuyona ihlukile futhi izimbali azaleas.
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa ekhaya.
U-Azalea uyisiko esinomswakama. Ukuze ihlale isikhathi eside futhi iqhubeke kuze kube ngonyaka ozayo, kufanele iphuze kakhulu phezulu, hhayi emgqeni, futhi iningi kangangokuthi inhlabathi yayingeyona nje imvula, kodwa ihlale imanzi. Amanzi angaphezu kwamathreyi okugcoba kumele asuswe, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande zizobola. Amanzi 1-2 izikhathi ngenyanga acidified nge lemon, ascorbic noma oxalic acid ngesilinganiso 0.3-0.4 g we-acid per 1 litre amanzi, kodwa inhlabathi ngaphambi ukuchelela nalesi sxaxa kusengaphambili. Akunakwenzeka ukuba acidize amanzi njalo, kungenjalo i-substrate izoba mnandi ngesikhathi, futhi amathiphu amaqabunga e-azaleas azophendukela ngokubomvu-violet. I-Azaleas ithululelwa ngamanzi ashisayo noma amanzi ekhephu noma emathinini omile. Izikhathi eziningana ngosuku izitshalo zifuthiwe, kodwa ngenkathi izimbali zingenakwenzeka ukufiphaza, ngoba amanzi angasetshenziswa ngezimbali, kodwa amaqabunga aphenduka. Kungcono ukubeka isitsha eduze kwamanzi noma ukubeka imbali emanzini amanzi embizeni ebanzi.
Eduze efihlekile imbali kunezinyathelo ezincane. Zisuswa ukuze amahlumela angahlaselwa. Izimbali eziphelile zihlanjululwa kanye nama-pedicels. Zine-azaleas ezimweni ezipholile - zikhululekile kakhulu ekushiseni kwama-10-15 degrees. Le ndawo ilanga, kodwa entwasahlobo nasehlobo kufanele ivikelwe elangeni eliqondile.
Isizathu esiningi kunazo zonke amaqabunga ahlumayo awelayo awanamanzi anele. Ungafaka imbiza nge-azalea - izikhathi ezimbalwa ngesonto - emgodini wamanzi kuze kube yilapho usutha ngokugcwele. Ezinye izizathu zingase zibe ukushisa okuphezulu kwemoya, umswakama ophansi nelanga elikhanyayo kakhulu. Amaqabunga angahle aphuzi uma usebenzisa amanzi onzima wokunisela noma ukutshala isitshalo ngobumba, umhlabathi we-alkali.
Ukunakekela ngemva kokusakazeka.
Ngemuva kokuba izitshalo zifakwe emabhodweni amakhulu, kodwa azange azame ukubhubhisa umhlaba. Izitshalo ezincane zifakelwa njalo ngonyaka, abadala abadala - eminyakeni engu-2-3. Geza izihlahla, ususe amahlumela abuthakathaka, amafutha futhi uphonsa iziqongo zamahlumela amancane, uvuselele ama-branching awo. Amahlumela amaqabunga ama-3-4 athuthukile afakwe izikhathi ezingu-2-3 kuze kube nguJune, lapho kuqaliswa ukuhlelwa kwezimbali zembali ngonyaka ozayo. Nika ama-azalea izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngenyanga emva kokuzimbali futhi kuze ku-Agasti, usebenzisa umquba okhethekile we-azaleas. Futhi ngesikhathi sokuhluma ngeke kube nokugqoka okuphezulu okungenakuqhathaniswa ne-superphosphate (15g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 wamanzi). Kunezindlela ezimbili zokugcina i-azaleas ngemuva kokuchichima: kubanda futhi kufudumele.
Izici zokuqukethwe okubandayo.
Ebusika, ama-azaleas agcinwa ekushiseni kwama-+5- +6 degrees, futhi uma usuku lukhula, ku- +12 - +15 degrees. Ehlobo, ama-azaleas athwala emgodini, i-pritenyayut, ivikele emakhakheni, ungavumeli ukomiswa kwe-coma yomhlaba, ifakwe ngamanzi, umqhele ube yindilinga. Ekwindla, lapho kubanda, izitshalo zilethwa ekamelweni elikhanyayo futhi zigcinwe ekushiseni kwama-+10 - +15 degrees amaviki angu-4-6. Khona-ke ungakwazi ukuphakamisa izinga lokushisa ukuya kuma-+18 - +20 degrees. Izinhlobo zakuqala zizoqhakaza emva kwamasonto ayisithupha. Uma izinhlobo zekwephuzile ziqhakaza ngaphambi kukaJanuwari 1, khona-ke ziyoba nezimbali ezingahlakuleleki.
Kulula ukukhula ekufudumele.
Kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukugcina umbuso onjalo ezindlini zethu, ngakho-ke indlela yokufudumala i-azalea isetshenziswa njalo. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ama-azaleas avuleka elangeni, kuyilapho i-pritenyayut yelanga eliqondile (ikakhulukazi ibhodlela), futhi ligcinwa khona kuze kube yilapho liqhuma. Lesi sitshalo ekuseni siphuziswa kakhulu futhi sifafaza ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngo-Meyi, qala ukusika amagatsha, abekwe ohlangothini obheke ngaphakathi ngaphakathi egumbini, eshiya labo abanikeza umqhele ube munye, baveze ababuthakathaka futhi behluma kakhulu. Amahlumela amasha ayawayeka, ashiya ama-4-5 amaqabunga kuwo. Uma lukhulu kakhulu esihlahleni, okubuthakathaka izimbali - khumbula lokhu.
NgoJuni, kuhlanganiswa imbali ehlelwa yimifino emaphethelweni amahlumela. Ukukhula kwezitshalo kuyayeka, futhi amahlumela amasha avelayo ngalesi sikhathi aqedwa. Ivela ehlathini elilodwa elihlangene, ngoba kunconywa ukuba ungayitsheli isitshalo, ungashintshi isikhundla sayo, ngoba ifihlekile imbali ehlangothini olukhanyayo lwesitshalo ngaphansi kokukhanyisa njalo. Izitshalo zezimbali zingahanjiswa futhi zithuthele kwenye indawo. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuba lesi sitshalo siphelile, kufanele sibuyiselwe esimweni lapho sikhula khona, ngenkathi sakhiwa.
Ukukhiqizwa nge-cuttings.
Ukusakazeka kwe-azalea ngosizo lwe-cuttings. Ukusikwa kwalesi sitshalo kunqunywa kuphela emva kokubhakabhaka. Kodwa khumbula, amahlumela agcobile akulungile kulokhu. I-Cuttings inqunywe ngobude be-5-6 cm. Ngaphambi kokutshala, ukuqhuma okungcono, kugcinwa isisombululo se-succinic acid (100 mg / l amanzi) noma i-heteroauxin (100 mg / l) amahora angu-24.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, ibhodlela le-azalea ligcwele i-substrate (ingxube ekhethekile ye-azaleas noma i-peat ebuthakathaka). Khona-ke, ngaphambi kokungahlanganisi umxube womhlaba, "kwaphuma enhliziyweni" kusukela enhliziyweni. I-cuttings itshalwe ku-2-3 cm ejulile, igcwele isikhwama se-polyethylene phezulu, esilungele ukuzungeza ibhodlela. Beka izimbiza ngezicucu entshonalanga noma eseningizimu. Futhi ungakhohlwa ukuwasebenzisa njalo futhi uwafake. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ekhaya. Izimbiza ezinezicucu izikhathi ezimbalwa ngesonto kufanele ziphuze umoya ngaphandle kokuhluleka. Ngoba lokhu kwanele ukususa isikhwama se-cellophane kusukela embizeni yembali okwesikhashana. Uma konke kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, kufanele silindele ukuqoqwa kwezicucu ezinyangeni eziyi-1-1.5 embusweni wokushisa wama-20-25 degrees. I-cuttings enzimpande ngesonto ngaphambi kokufakelwa kwesitshalo ibe yindawo yokuhlala engunaphakade "yokujwayela" emoyeni owomile wezindlu zethu. Okokuqala, isikhwama se-cellophane sivuliwe amahora angu-2-3, futhi ngemva kwezinhlelo ezimbalwa, ukuqina kunqanyuliwe ngokuphelele. I-cuttings kakade ilukhuni futhi iqinile ifakwe endaweni ehlala njalo futhi ihlanganiswe nefilimu amaviki angu-1-2, ukuze kube ngcono bathathe izimpande.
Izinhlobo ze-azalea.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-azaleas. Ngezinye izikhathi azifani nomunye umlimi ongenalwazi ongenakukholwa ukuthi lezi zitshalo ziyizinhlobo ezifanayo. Ngokuhlonipha kakhulu ama-azaleas aseJapane, lapho ukulima kwabo kubhekwa khona ubuciko. Nazi ezinye izinhlobo ezivamile phakathi kwethu.
- Erica Sander. Lona ukuhluka okuphakathi kokuqala. Isitshalo sikhula, iqabunga liluhlaza obumnyama, i-pubescent. Izimbali kusukela ngoNovemba kuya kuMashi. Izimbali ezivuliwe zifana nezimbali ezikhanyayo ezibomvu zama-mahogany anamanzi.
- U-Erie. Izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala. Lesi sitshalo sivulekile, siphakeme, iqabunga liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-pubescent, izimbali zine pink, zinamaqabunga.
- Snowflake. Izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala. Lesi sitshalo siphansi, siqhakaza kusukela ngoFebruwari kuya ku-Ephreli izimbali ezimhlophe, izicucu ezingu-3-5 emaphethelweni amahlumela.
Ezimweni zegumbi, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zikhula kahle: izinhlobo zokuqala (ziyaqhakaza ngo-Okthoba-Disemba) - uHelmut Vogel ngezimbali ezibomvu (azidingi ukushisa okuphansi ngaphambi kokuchichima); U-Ambrosian - obomvu, uPaul Sheme - ngezimbali ze-saumon-pink nabanye; mid-late - Pink Pink Pearl, obomvu obomvu u-Elsa Kerger nabanye.
Kunzima ukumelana nokukhuphula ama-azaleas amahle futhi ewusizo ekhaya. Mhlawumbe, ekuqaleni, akuzona zonke izinto ezizovela. Kodwa uma ubonisa ukubekezela nokubekezela, ikhaya lakho lizophenduka ingadi epharadesi epholile.