Igama lesiLatini le-genus lanikezwa ngokuhlonipha uNaples induna von Sansevierio: wasiza ekuthuthukiseni isayensi yemvelo. Ngekhulu le-18, i-sanseveria yakhula emazweni aseYurophu njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa. Lesi sitshalo esingenakuzithoba, esingenakuqhathaniswa, esifanele ukukhula ezimweni zendawo.
Imithetho yokunakekelwa.
Ukukhanyisa. Izindwangu zezindlu uSanveravera bakhetha ukukhanya okukhanya okugqamile, kalula kuthwala kokubili ukukhanya nokukhanya okugcwele. Kodwa-ke, akufanele akhohlwe ukuthi ukukhanya okujulile okudingekayo kube nesitshalo se-variegation ephawulekayo: emthunzini, amaqabunga alahlekelwa umbala wazo. Izinhlobo ze-variegated zingathatha ilanga elincane eliqondile, kodwa kufanele lifakwe emlilweni omkhulu emini yemini.
Umbuso wokushisa. I-Sansevera isitshalo esikhula kahle kumafasitela aso empumalanga nasentshonalanga. Ehlangothini eseningizimu, u-shading uyadingeka ngesikhathi samahora ashisayo ehlobo. Uma ukhulile emafasiteleni asenyakatho, amaqabunga abe ngombala obomvu obala, alahlekelwe umbala wawo onamabala, futhi ngenxa yokungabi khona kokukhanya, isitshalo asiqhakazi. Uma kunokuntuleka kokukhanya, ukukhanya okungeziwe kuhlelwe amahora angu-16 ngosuku. Izibani zokukhanya kwelanga zifakwa kude ka-30-60 cm ukusuka esitshalweni. Ehlobo, i-sansevierium kufanele ihanjiswe emoyeni omusha endaweni eyomile, efudumele, kuyilapho ivikela kusukela emvula futhi inikeze ukukhanya okungafani. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okuhle. I-Sansevera ihlukumeza amazinga okushisa. Kungakhula endaweni epholile, futhi ezimweni ezifudumele. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ukushisa kwemoya okulinganiselayo kuyakwenzelwa, ku-18-25 ° C. Phakathi nonyaka obandayo, izinga lokushisa akufanele liwe phansi ngaphansi kuka-14-16 ° C isikhathi eside, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sizogula. I-Sansevieria ingakwazi ukubekezelela ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa elifinyelela ku-5 ° C, kodwa kuphela uma lihlala isikhathi esifushane.
Ukunisela. I-Sansevera ikhetha ukuthambisa okulinganiselayo kusukela entwasahlobo kuze kutholwe ekwindla: inhlabathi kufanele imiswe phakathi kokunisela. Ebusika, ukuchelela kufanele kube nokulinganiselwe futhi kuvamile ngokuya kwezinga lokushisa lomoya. Uma uphuza noma yikuphi, ungavumeli uketshezi ukungena phakathi kwendawo, lokhu kuzobangela ukubola kwamaqabunga. Ukuchelela ngokweqile, futhi ngokuntuleka kwamaqabunga omswakama kulahlekelwa yi-turgor. Umswakama udlala indima ebalulekile. I-Sansevieria ivame ukubekezelela umoya omile wezindlu. Ungakhohlwa ukusifakeza ngezikhathi ezithile bese usula amaqabunga ngendwangu emanzini othulini.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu. I-Sansevieria kufanele idliwe kanye ngenyanga ngenkathi ekhula (entwasahlobo-ehlobo) ngosizo lwamaminerali amaminerali engxenyeni yokuhlushwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa umanyolo ohloswe nge-cacti noma izitshalo zangaphakathi. Khumbula ukuthi i-nitrogen engaphezu kwesikhuthaza ukubola kwezimpande, ngakho-ke ukuphakanyiswa kwe-microelements kunconywa ukuthi: N (nitrogen) - 9, P (phosphorus) - 18, K (potassium) - 24. Abanye abavundi bezinkukhu abavumi ukuncelisa ama-sansevieriyu, njengoba umanyolo ongaphezulu ungadala ukulahlekelwa kwekhasi lokuhlobisa. Ngokudla okuncane, amaqabunga aqina kakhulu. Ngokulimala ngokomzimba, amathiphu amaqabunga e-sansevieria angawayeka. Kulesi simo, udinga ukusika kancane imiphetho eyomile yamaqabunga, ushiye indawo encane eyomile ngesimo sombala omncane. Uma kungenjalo, ishidi lizooma ngaphezulu.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo. Izitshalo zokutshala izitshalo zokutshala ziyanconywa kuphela uma ibhodlela liseduze nabo: njalo eminyakeni emibili emncintiswaneni futhi yonke iminyaka emithathu izitshalo ezidala. Isibonakaliso sokuthi isitshalo sidinga ukufakelwa, izimpande ziphuma embizeni. Izimpande ze-sansewieria zivame ukukhula ngobubanzi, khona-ke ibhodlela kufanele likhethwe lingacacile, kodwa libanzi. Izimpande ezinamandla ze-sansevieria zingavimbela amandla amancane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uzothola izimbali eziningi lapho izimpande zigcwala i-clod yomhlaba. Ngakho-ke, amandla amasha akufanele abe mkhulu kakhulu. Ngaphansi kwebhodlela udinga ukwenza amanzi okusuka emgodini omncane, amafotshethi aphukile, izingcezu zamalahle, udaka olwandisiwe. I-Sansevieria igxila ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise ingxube yeqabunga kanye ne-turf emhlabathini ngesihlabathi ngokwesilinganiso se-2: 4: 1. I-Peat noma i-humus inhlabathi yengezwe kuyo. Inhlanganisela enhle yi-turf namaqabunga omhlaba, ama-humus nesihlabathi ku-2: 1: 1: 1. Ngesinye isikhathi izingxube zisetshenziselwa i-geraniums kanye nesihlabathi esingama-30% esiqhekezayo sokugeleza okuhle. I-Sansevera iyalinywa kahle ngendlela ye-hydroponics.
Ukukhiqiza. Lezi zitshalo zasendlini zizala izitshalo: izimpande zesikhashana, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-rhizome, iqabunga noma ukuhlukaniswa kwayo. Izinhlobo ze-variegated zenziwa ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokuhlukanisa ama-rhizomes ukuze kugcinwe izici zezilwane.
Ukuqapha. I-Sansevieria emigwaqeni emithathu ibhekisela ezitshalweni ezinobuthi, iqukethe i-saponin, okuyinto, uma isetshezi, ibangela ukucabangela nokuhlanza. Qaphela ukuthi izingane azihlazi amaqabunga. Ukuxhumana nomsola wesitshalo esikhumbeni akubanga ukucasuka.
Izinkinga zokunakekelwa.
- Uma amaqabunga ephuzi, athambile phansi, bese efa, kusho ukuthi inhlabathi inomswakama noma ukuchelela akukwenzi kahle (ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo noma enkabeni). Kulesi simo, isitshalo sidinga ukufakelwa kabusha ngokushesha nokususwa kwamaqabunga abathintekayo.
- Uma izimpande sezibolile kakade, ziqede izingxenye ezinempilo zesitshalo, isibonelo, ingxenye yeqabunga.
- Uma amaqabunga abuna futhi abola, futhi akukho namanzi, i-reason is the content frost of sansevierium. Yithuthela endaweni efudumele bese ususa noma yikuphi amaqabunga awonakele. Endabeni yokubola i-stem, izingcambu ezimpilweni ezinempilo (ingxenye yeqabunga noma isihloko se-rosette).
- Uma amaqabunga enamabala omnyama, kusho ukuthi umhlaba unomswakama kakhulu futhi isitshalo sigcinwe ekamelweni elimnyama.
- Uma amaqabunga avela amabala angabomvu asundu obomvu ngeziphuzi eziphuzi, iSansevieria isifo sogwayi.
Izilokazane: isicabucabu se-spider, thrips.