Laryngitis
Ukuvuvukala kwama-larynx nezintambo zezwi. I-Pathogen: ukutheleleka kwegciwane noma igciwane, i-allergen. Kunobungozi: kuholela ku-edema nokunciphisa i-larynx, engabangela ukuchofoza.
Izimpawu zokuqala ziyi:
- ukoma nomkhuhlane emphinjeni;
- ubunzima bokugwinya;
- ukuzwakalisa;
- omile, ukukhwehlela ukukhwehlela;
- ukuphefumula, ukushaya.
Qaphela: izimpawu ze-laryngitis zivame ukwanda ebusuku futhi zifakwe ekuseni.
Ibukeka kanjani:
- umphimbo ubomvu;
- ekujuleni kwe-pharynx yizinyosi ezibomvu ezibonakalayo ezibomvu - izintambo ezizwakalayo ezivuthayo.
Njengoba kuphathwa. Into eyinhloko ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kwesifo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa:
- isiphuzo esiphundu samakhemikhali (ubisi nge-soda, amanzi amaminerali afudumele);
- ama-antihistamine;
- i-alkaline inhalation (isipuni soda ngayinye ilitha lamanzi abilayo).
- amabhati okushisa ezinyawo; Ikamelo lihlale liphuza umoya.
Angina
Izifo ezithathelwanayo ezihlukumezekile ngokunqotshwa kwamathoni anezinwele. I-Pathogen: amagciwane amaningi kaningi - ama-streptococcus, kodwa kwenzeka ukuthi i-angina ibangelwa igciwane (isibonelo, i-herpes). Kunalokho kuyingozi: amasosha omzimba alwa ne-streptococci athinta izicubu zomzimba, ezingabangela izifo ezimbi:
- i-rheumatism;
- i-pyelonephritis;
- i-myocarditis.
Izimpawu zokuqala ziyi:
- ubuhlungu obunzima emqaleni;
- ukunyuka okubukhali kokushisa;
- ubuthakathaka, ukunganaki;
- ukungabi nesifiso sokudla;
- ukwandisa kanye nokukhathazeka komlomo wesibeletho, i-submandibular ne-occipital lymph nodes;
- ukuhlanza.
Okubalulekile: izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu ubudala ne-angina zivame ukukhononda ngezihlungu zesisu, hhayi emqaleni.
Ibukeka kanjani:
- ama-tonsils abomvu, ekhulisiwe;
- ebusweni bamatoni - ukugcoba okumhlophe noma okuphuzi, ama-grey, amhlophe noma aphuzi, amafilimu angama-translucent.
Sicela uqaphele: izimpawu zesisu somzimba we-purulent zifana nezibonakaliso zezinye izifo ezinzima, isibonelo i-diphtheria. Ukuze ungalingani nokuxilongwa, kudingekile ukuba wenze isiko le-bacterial kusukela ku-pharynx nekhaleni. Indlela yokwelashwa: ukuphumula okubheke kakhulu kuze kube yilapho kutholakala okuphelele; ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic; isiphuzo esifudumele; ukugcoba ngezixazululo ze-antiseptic kanye ne-sprays. Iseluleko sethu: ukukhulula isimo somntwana futhi sisheshe siphumelele sizosiza ukuvala i-compresses. Smear ushizi we-cottage nge-rag, unamathisele entanyeni, umboze ngephepha le-compress bese ulungisa nge-bandage ye-tubular. Ekuseni, hlambulula ngamanzi afudumele.
I-scarlet fever
Isifo esithathelwanayo esithathelwanayo; izimpawu ze-angina zihlangene nokuqhuma okuncane. Uma uqaphela ukuthi enye yamathani ayinkulu kakhulu kunomunye, lokhu kungabonisa i-abscess ye-purulent. Mshayela udokotela ngokuphuthumayo. I-Pathogen: Iqembu le-beta-hemolytic streptococcus A. Kunobungozi: ukungena ngaphakathi komlomo we-mucosa, ukutheleleka kusakazeka kuwo wonke umzimba, okuthinta inhliziyo, izinso, isistimu ephakathi kwemizwa. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuqhuma komfutho obomvu kunesikhathi esifushane kakhulu (amahora ambalwa nje), okungenza kube nzima ukuxilonga.
Izimpawu zokuqala ziyi:
- umkhuhlane;
- ikhanda; ukwehlisa, ukulala; izikhukhula;
- ukwanda okuthe xaxa kokushisa (kufika ku-38-40 degrees).
Ibukeka kanjani:
- Amathoni agxuma futhi akhule, njengama angina;
- Ama-lymph nodes avulekile, akhulisiwe;
- ulimi luyomile okokuqala, olumbozwe ngengubo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, luba mhlophe kakhulu ngezinsuku ezingu-3-4, ngephepha elibomvu elimhlophe;
- umzimba umbozwe ukushona okuluhlaza okumnyama okweqabunga. Qaphela: umehluko phakathi kwezihlathi ezivuthayo kanye noxantathu obunamahloni ophahlazekayo yi-pattern ephawulekayo emkhunjini omnyama.
Indlela okuphathwa ngayo:
- ukuphumula okuphuthumayo ukuphumula kuze kutholakale ngokuphelele
- ukugwema ukudla;
- ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic;
- ukuthatha ama-antihistamine;
- ukugcwala komzimba ngamavithamini namaminerali (ukuqapha izinga lezinkimbinkimbi).
I-Diphtheria
Izifo ezithathelwanayo ezivuthiwe ezinomonakalo onobuthi emzimbeni. I-agent ye-causative: i-wand ye-Defler. Eyingozi. Uma ungaqali ukwelashwa ngesikhathi, izinkinga ezinzima ziyakhula: i-croup, ukukhahlela, ukuphazanyiswa kwenhliziyo nesistimu enkulu yezinzwa.
Izimpawu zokuqala ziyi:
- umkhuhlane uma ugwinya (hhayi onamandla kakhulu);
- umkhuhlane wezinga eliphansi; ubuthakathaka jikelele;
- umfutho wegazi ophansi; isilinganiso senhliziyo esingalingani; ukungabi nesifiso sokudla; ukukhwehlela ukukhwehlela; ukushaywa umoya - ukuphefumula.
Ibukeka kanjani:
- i-membrane yamangqamu ibomvu, ivimba; izindonga ezinamathemikhali namathoni ahlanganiswe namafilimu amnyama noma aphuzi, futhi ukususwa kwamaphiko okugaya ahlala;
- Amathani ambalwa ngenxa ye-edema cishe eseduze; intamo iba ukukhukhumeza.
Indlela yokwelashwa: ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuxilongwa, ingane ithatha i-swab emqaleni. Ngokushesha lapho u-wandleur kaDonleur etholakele:
- ingane ithunyelwa esibhedlela (ukwelashwa ekhaya akumukeleki);
- isimo sesiguli sihlolwe ngosizo lomqaphi womzimba noma i-electrocardiograph;
- ngokushesha emva kokuqinisekiswa kwesifo, i-serum antitoxic isethulwa;
- ukwelashwa kwenziwa.