Kulohlobo lwe-Stapelia lingabalwa ngokuthi izitshalo ezingaba yikhulu, ezingezomndeni wezinhle kakhulu. I-Stapelia isakazeka eNingizimu Afrika, kodwa kunezinye izinhlobo ezimpumalanga ye-Afrika. Zonke izitshalo zalolu hlobo lwama-genus ziyinkimbinkimbi, zisetshenziswa futhi zingaphansi.
I-Stapelia inamahlumela amahle anezici ezine, amaqabunga angenawo, ngokuvamile ayenze izinqubo ezisekelweni. Ngokuvamile, izimbali zikhula ngaphansi kwamahlumela, kodwa futhi phezulu; zitholakala kuma-pedicels amade eyodwa noma ngaphezulu, izingqimba zimibalabala, zine-pubescence. I-calyx iqukethe amaqabunga ama-5, ibhekisele kuphuzu; i-corolla ngokugcwele-ekhonjiwe noma egoqiwe, enezikhala, ezinqunywe ngesigamu sobude bazo, ukuma kwayo kuyi-triangular, ama-apice aphilile. Amapetali ayenamafutha, anombala, ahlangana ne-pubescent ne-glabrous. Umqhele unombuthano onomzimba. I-corolla yangaphandle inezikhala ezinhlanu zamahhala, i-rectangular noma i-lanceolate; izikhala zomqhele zitholakala eduze kwe-anthers, ubude bufushane, buhlelekile noma bulula, noma buhlukanisiwe.
Izimbali zangaphandle ze-stapel zinenani eliphezulu lokuhlobisa, kuyilapho kulula ukuzinakekela. Izimbali zalo zisekuqaleni futhi zibukeka kahle, kodwa kukhona i-nuance encane - iyiphunga layo. Iphunga lembali liqondile futhi alijabulisi, liheha izimpukane. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwalokhu, lesi sitshalo sithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabaflorisi ngokukhula emafulethini.
Ukunakekela isitshalo
Ukukhanyisa. I-Stapelias, njengezinye izitshalo eziningi, idinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokusabalalisa. Noma kunjalo, iStapelia ingathwala ilanga eliqondiswe kuyo ngesikhathi sekwindla-ebusika; Esikhathini sasehlobo, ukushisa kwelanga kungabonakala elangeni, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokushisa.
Indawo engcono kakhulu yokukhula ingxenyeni esentshonalanga noma empumalanga. Ngehlobo lehlobo, isitshalo kufanele sivaliwe ilanga eliqondile, ungasebenzisa idayini noma iphepha, isibonelo, i-gauze noma iphepha lokulandelela. Uma isitshalo sithengwa kuphela esitolo, isb. cishe, wayemi emthunzini, futhi ngemuva kokubanda kwasebusika, akunakwenzeka ukuveza ilanga, kumele ukuthi ujwayele kancane kancane, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo singashiswa.
Ehlobo, umoya omusha unomthelela omuhle esitshalweni, kanti lesi sitshalo sinomswakama emoyeni omusha, ngakho-ke kuyoba kuhle ukuyikhiphela ebhaleni noma engadini ngaleso sikhathi. Ezikhathini ezishisayo, yiqiniso, isitshalo kumele sivaliwe elangeni. Ekwindla nasebusika, i-stapelia ibekezelela imisebe yelanga kahle, ngakho-ke akukho shading okudingekayo.
Umbuso wokushisa. Umbuso wokushisa kusuka entwasahlobo futhi sonke isikhathi esishisayo silinganisa noma sishisa - + 22-26ะก. Kusukela ngoSeptemba, izinga lokushisa kufanele linciphise, kufanele libe yi-+ 15C, ngakho-ke isitshalo silungiselwe isikhathi sasebusika - isikhathi sokuphumula. Ebusika, izinga lokushisa liyancishiswa ngamanye ama-degrees angu-1-2, kodwa ungawi ngezansi + 12C.
Ukunisela. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze ku-Okthoba, i-stapel ithuliswa kancane, ngemuva kokungqimba kwenhlabathi sekumile; ukuphuza okuqhubekayo kuncishisiwe, okuletha ubusika okungenani, kodwa hhayi ukuvumela ukumelana kwamahlumela. Uma lesi sitshalo siyeka ngokuphelele ukuchelela, khona-ke iziqu ziqala ukuqina, lesi sitshalo ngokwawo silahlekelwa amandla ayo futhi singene esikhathini sokutshala. Futhi, uma ukuchelela, ukunakekelwa kufanele kukhokhwe ekushiseni kokuqukethwe: okuphakama izinga lokushisa lokubanda kwasebusika, kudingekile ukuthi kusetshenziswe njalo ukutshala isitshalo.
Ukungcola komoya. Ngokuqondene nomswakama, kodwa lokhu akuyona isimo esibalulekile sokukhula. Lesi sitshalo sikhululekile kakhulu emoyeni owomile.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu. I-stapel izimbali zondliwa ehlobo, umanyolo ofanelekayo olungiselelwe ama-cacti noma izitshalo ezinomsoco; isilinganiso sesilinganiso, njengoba kubonisiwe kuphakheji. Ebusika nasekwindla lezi zimbali zasendlini azidingi ukondla okwengeziwe. Kule gciwane, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ube nesithako se-potassium; Ngenxa yobukhona balezi zinto, iqala ukulwa nezifo.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo. Izitshalo ezincane ezitshalisiwe njalo ngonyaka entwasahlobo, kanti izibonelo ezindala kakhulu - njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemibili. Uma izitshalo ezindala zifakelwa kabusha, khona-ke amahlumela endala asendaweni asuswa, kodwa ngeke ahlume. I-substrate yesitshalo kumele ibe nesihlabathi esinamandla nge-neutral noma e-acidity ebuthakathaka. I-substrate enjalo izoba ingxube ye-turf nesihlabathi esinamafutha, ingxenye ezimbili kanye eyodwa, ngokulandelana. Kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzise i-substrate eyenziwe ngomumo esitolo, okufanelekele i-cactus, kodwa lapho kuyinto efiselekayo ukwengeza izingcezu zamalahle nomhlabathi. Amabhodwe afanelekayo azoba acishe abe flat, ngoba uhlelo lwempande luncane. Ukugeleza kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu, kufakwe ngaphansi kwebhodlela engxenyeni yesithathu yetangi. Ngemuva kokutshala kabusha, lesi sitshalo akufanele siphuze izinsuku ezingu-5-7, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande zingase ziqale ukubola.
Ukukhiqiza. Stapelia - izimbali ezikhiqiza imbewu noma izihlahla.
Uma sikhuluma ngembewu, khona-ke ziboshwe kahle kwi-stapes, kodwa zinomsoco wokuvuthwa kancane, cishe unyaka. Imbewu kufanele ihlwanyelwe emafutheni aphansi emhlabathini onesihlabathi.
Zula imbewu imbewu. Izithombo zitshalwe ezinhlakeni ezincane emva kokukhethwa. Umhlaba udinga ukulungiswa ngokubunjwa okulandelayo: Ingxenye eyodwa ye-turf, izingxenye ezimbili zeqabunga, engeza isanti elihlutshiwe-ingxenye engu-1, kanye namalahle kanye ne-lime eyodwa yeshumi.
Ngemva konyaka, izitshalo ezincane kumele zidluliselwe emabhokisini kancane, ukubunjwa kwezwe ukuhlala okufanayo. Lezi zitshalo, ezikhula ezivela imbewu, zingase zihluke esitshalweni somzali, ngoba i-stapel inomkhuba wokuwela.
Uma ufuna ukutshala izihlahla, khona-ke ziyadliwa kusukela emahlumela endala. Ngaphambi kokutshala, bahlanya, bese behlwanyela emhlabathini. I-substrate kumele ihlanganiswe nenhlanganisela yesihlabathi esinamahlumela kanye ne-peat chips. Izimpande ze-cuttings zivele ngokushesha, ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho zitshalwe emabhodwe ngamanzi angu-7 cm. Inhlanganisela yomhlaba ikulungele kanye nezithombo.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka
- Uma ihlobo lingavunyelwe esibusweni eshisayo kusukela elangeni, khona-ke isitshalo singase sibonakale sinamaqabunga noma sishisa, ikakhulukazi uma lesi sitshalo sesisanda kumthunzi noma esihlahleni.
- Uma uphuza amanzi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ebusika, iziqu ziba yi-lethargic, ziyafa futhi zibole.
- Uma lesi sitshalo asinayo izakhi ezinomsoco noma uma isitshalo singenalo ukukhanya okwanele, izitshalo ziyadlula futhi ziba mncane, kanti isitshalo ngokwaso asiqhakazi.
- Ukulimala esitshalweni kungaba ukubola.