Mayelana nokuphuma kwangaphakathi kukhuluma izimbonakaliso eziningi, lapho kudingeka khona ukuthatha izinyathelo ezifike ngesikhathi. Indlela yokusiza ingane ephuma ngegazi, thola ku-athikili ethi "Izinhlobo zokugaya, usizo lokuqala lokuphuma kwegazi."
Izinhlobo zokuphapha
- Ukuphuma kwegazi: ukulahlekelwa igazi ngenxa yokuphuluka odongeni lomuthi owodwa noma ngaphezulu. Igazi libomvu elikhanyayo, liphuma ngezikhathi ezithile nge-jerks ngesikhathi nokushaya kwenhliziyo. Phakamisa isitifiketi sokulimala bese usebenzisa i-bandage eqinile. Uma igazi liqhubeka lihamba, phonsa umzimba ngaphezu kwesilonda nge-bandage ehlanganisiwe kuze kuphele ukuphuma kwegazi. Uma ukuhanjiswa kwesiguli esikhungweni sezokwelapha kuthatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora, lokhu kukhishwa kwe-tourniquet kufanele kube buthakathaka ukubuyisela ukujikeleza kwegazi, bese uqinisa kabusha.
- Ukusuka kwe-Venous: ukulahleka kwegazi kusuka emthanjeni. Igazi limnyama, ligeleza emfudlaneni oqhubekayo, ngezinye izikhathi kakhulu (ikakhulukazi uma umvini omkhulu ubonakalisiwe). Faka i-bandage eqinile; uma isilwane sinakele, uma kungenzeka, sikhulise ezingeni zenhliziyo, ngaphandle kokukhipha ibhande. Uma ukugqoka kufakwe igazi, lishintshe.
- Ukuphuma kwamapayipi: ukulahlekelwa igazi kuma-capillaries. Igazi lingumbala ofanayo negazi elibizayo, ngoba ama-capillary aqukethe igazi elilodwa eliyingozi kanye negazi. Igazi ligeleza kancane. Ngokuvamile, ukuphuma okunjalo kwenzeka ngamanxeba angaphandle, kulula ukuyeka.
- Ukuphuma kwangaphakathi. Izimpawu zabo: izikhukhula, i-pallor, i-sweating, ukuphefumula okufushane, ukushisa okusheshayo kodwa okubuthakathaka, ukukhathazeka. Uma uphelelwa ngaphakathi, ngisho nokulahlekelwa ukwazi kungenzeka. Kulesi simo, wabeka isisulu emhlane wakhe, uphakamise imilenze yakho bese uyibopha emgodini. Hlola ukuphefumula kanye ne-pulse, ukumboza isiguli ngengubo. Ungamniki isiphuzo. Mthumelele ngokuphuthumayo esibhedlela.
Usizo lokuqala lokuphuma kwegazi:
1. Beka i-handkerchief ehlanzekile noma indwangu egazini, yenze kube nzima ngesandla sakho. Uma kungekho izicubu eziseduze, zama ukumboza isilonda ngeminwe yakho nesundu.
2. Ukusebenzisa ingcindezi ngokuqondile kwilonda, ngokucophelela cindezela izicubu noma indwangu kuyo bese ubopha isilonda nge-bandage (ungayifaka ithawula yendwangu noma i-tie).
3. Phakamisa ingxenye ethintekayo yomzimba - uma kungenasifo.
Ukuhlwitha kusuka ekhaleni:
Hlala ingane phezu kwebhakede noma esinye isitsha, umcele ukuba anciphise ikhanda lakhe. Ingane kufanele iphefumule ngomlomo wayo futhi ungagcini igazi. Qinisa ngokuqinile ikhala emaminithini ambalwa. Uma ukuphuma kwegazi kungavumi, phinda futhi. Uma ukuphuma kwegazi kungavumi, faka ngesineke i-gauze ehlanganisiwe (egayiwe ne-hydrogen peroxide noma enye into elula imithwalo yegazi) emakhaleni, lapho igazi liphuma khona. Cindezela i-ice emakhaleni aphuma noma entanyeni (eceleni noma emuva). Uma ukuphuma kwegazi kudlula imizuzu engaphezu kwengu-30, thatha umntwana esikhungweni sezokwelapha esiseduze. Kunemithwalo yegazi eminingi ekhaleni, kuhlanganise ne-arterioles encane, ephuma kalula. Ukuhlwitha okuvela ekhaleni kuvame ukwenzeka ebusika, lapho ukushisa kukhipha umchamo we-nasal, kukhishwa ama-crusts, lapho umntwana ekhala khona, eqoqa emakhaleni futhi ephunga impumulo. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuphuma ephumpheni kubonisa izinkinga ezinkulu - isibonelo, nge-coagulability yegazi.
4. Ingane ilele phansi.
5. Shayela udokotela noma i-ambulensi.
6. Ukufudumala umntwana, ukumboze ngeshidi noma ngengubo, ufake into engaphansi,
Uma lilele endaweni ebandayo noma emanzi.
7. Uma umntwana ekwazi futhi engase aphuze, mnike itiye noma amanzi. Uma engenazi futhi egaqa emgodini wesisu, awukwazi ukumnika uketshezi.
8. Uma ungakwazi ukumisa ukuphuma kwegazi ngenxa yokulimala, ukwehlukana noma ukuchotshozwa kwesilungu, sebenzisa i-tourniquet.
9. Njengesihluthulelo, ungasebenzisa noma yiliphi i-wide tape tape. Ungalokothi usebenzise ucingo, izintambo noma ezinye izinto ezifanayo. Sebenzisa i-tourniquet engxenyeni engenhla yelungu ngaphezulu kwelonda. Thepha inothi ngokufaka intambo emfushane kuyo, wenze elinye iphuzu, bese ujikelezisa induku kuze kube yilapho indwangu ivinjiwe kangangokuthi ukuphuma kwegazi kuyama.
10. Uma ukuphumula kubambezelekile, i-tourniquet kufanele ikhululwe njalo ngemva kwemizuzu engu-20. Uma ukuphuma kwehlile, ungagqinisi i-tourniquet, kodwa ulungele ukuyisebenzisa futhi uma ukuphuma kwegazi kuqhubeka. Endleleni eya esibhedlela, buka i-tourniquet njalo. Manje siyazi ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zokuphuluka ezikhona, usizo lokuqala lokuphuma kwegazi.