Eminyakeni yamuva, i-asthma kubantwana iye yabhekana nokuningi, yaba yinkinga enkulu kuwo wonke amazwe omhlaba. Sonke siyazi ulwazi jikelele mayelana nalesi sifo, kodwa namanje imibuzo eminingi isaphenduliwe. Izinto eziyisisekelo zicacile: i-asthma isifo esiyingxenye yesifo sokuphefumula. Kuvame ukuqina lapho kutholakala uthuli, impova, umusi wocayi, izinwele zezilwane noma ukucindezeleka. I-asthma ayinakuphulukiswa. Lesi simo singancishiswa ngosizo lwe-inhalers ekhethekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingane ehlushwa yi-asthma iphila impilo evamile. Lokhu kuphetha ulwazi lwethu nge-asthma. Kodwa lesi sifo sinemithi eminingi ". Futhi kubalulekile ukwazi izimpawu. Phela, ngesikhathi sokuqala, noma yikuphi ukugula kuphathwa kalula. Futhi zikhona izindlela eziningi zokwelapha esikhathini sethu. Lesi sihloko sichaza konke ofuna ukukwazi nge-asthma ezinganeni.
Kuyini i-asthma?
I-asthma yisimo esithinta i-airways (bronchi) emaphashini. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhamba kwemimoya emincane, lokhu kuholela ezimpawu ezivamile. Izinga lokunciphisa, futhi isikhathi esingakanani isiqephu ngasinye sihlala, singahluka kakhulu. Kuncike eminyakeni, isigaba sesifo, imvelo. I-asthma ingaqala nganoma isiphi isikhathi, kodwa ngokuvamile iqala ebuntwaneni. Okungenani izingane eziyi-1 kwabangu-10 zihlushwa yi-asthma, futhi phakathi kwabantu abadala kuphela ku-20 kuphela ogulayo. Isifo somoya siyisifo esiyinzalo, kepha abantu abaningi abahluphekayo abanalo izihlobo ezinesifo esifanayo.
Izimpawu ze-asthma ezinganeni.
Izimpawu ezivamile zikhwehlela futhi ziyahamba. Ungabona futhi ukuthi ingane ihlupha kanjani, unomuzwa wokuqina esifubeni sakhe. Izimpawu zingashintsha kusukela komnene kuze kube nzima komunye nomntwana ofanayo ngezikhathi ezahlukene. Isiqephu ngasinye singadlulela ihora nje noma amabili, noma siqhubeke izinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto, uma singaphathwa.
Izimpawu ezivamile ezinomzimba omncane we-asthma.
Ungahlala ugcina izimpawu ezincane ngezikhathi ezithile. Isibonelo, i-wheeze elithambile nokukhwehlela, uma: indlu ibanda, ingane ibanda, ngesikhathi se-hay fever, lapho ingane ingena. Izingane ezine-asthma ezincane ziyakhonsa ubusuku bonke, kepha ngokuvamile ukukhwehlela kubonakala usuku lonke.
Izimpawu ezingokomzimba ezinefomathi yokulinganisela.
Ngaphandle kokwelashwa: ngokuvamile (ngokuphindaphindiwe) ukuphefumula nokukhwehlela ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngezinye izikhathi ingane iyancipha. Kungase kube nezinkathi eside ngaphandle kwempawu. Kodwa-ke, ingane, njengomthetho, "wheeze" okwesikhashana ezinsukwini eziningi. Inkinga ngokuvamile ivame kakhulu ebusuku, noma ekuseni. Ingane ingavusa ubusuku obuningana emgqeni kusuka ekukhwehleleni. Izingane ezincane kuze kube yonyaka azikwazi ukuba nezimpawu zesici. Kungaba nzima - ukuhlukanisa umehluko phakathi kwe-asthma kanye nokutheleleka kwesandulela ngculaza esifubeni.
Izimpawu ezingokomfanekiso ekuhlaselweni okukhulu kwe-asthma.
Izwi liya kakhulu, kukhona "ukuqina" esifubeni nokuphefumula. Ingane ingaba nzima ukukhuluma ngakho. Uqala ukukhathazeka. Izimpawu ezinzima zingathuthuka ngokuzumayo, uma ingane ingakaze ibe nezimpawu ezincane noma ezibuthakathaka.
Yini eyenza i-asthma?
I-asthma ibangela ukuvuvukala komzila wokuphefumula. Kodwa kungani lokhu ukuvuvukala kwenzeka okwaziwa kahle. Ukuvuvukala kuyabangela imisipha ehamba emoyeni, futhi kubangele ukuthi bavumelane. Lokhu kuholela ekunciphiseni kwemimoya yomoya. Ngakho-ke kunzima emoyeni ukungena ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwamaphaphu. Lokhu kubangela ukuphefumula nokuphefumula. E-bronchi, i-mucus iqoqa, ebangela ukukhwehlela nokuqhubeka nokuvimbela ukugeleza komoya.
Yini engenza ingane ibe nzima kakhulu nge-asthma.
Izimpawu ze-asthma zivame ukuvela ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Kodwa-ke, abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi izimpawu zibangelwa noma zigxilile ezimweni ezithile. Izinto ezingabangela izimpawu ze-asthmatic zifaka okulandelayo.
- Izifo. Ikakhulukazi amakhaza, ukukhwehlela, nezifo zesifuba.
- Flower impova kanye isikhunta. Inkathi ye-hay fever yisikhathi esivamile sokwelashwa kwesifo se-asthma.
- Umthwalo womzimba. Noma kunjalo, ukuzivocavoca kwezemidlalo nokuzikhandla akuphikiswanga ingane ene-asthma! Uma kunesidingo, ungamnika i-inhaler ngaphambi kokuqeqesha ukuvimbela ukuqubuka.
- Ezinye izidakamizwa. Isibonelo, izingane eziyi-1 kwabangu-50 abane-asthma ziyingozi kwi-aspirin. Eminye imithi engabangela izimpawu ze-asthmatic zihlanganisa: anti-inflammatory, analgesic, ne-beta-blockers (propranolol, atenolol, noma timolol). Futhi, i-beta-blockers kukhona amaconsi asehlose asetshenziselwa ukuphatha i-glaucoma.
- Umusi wocingo. Zonke izingane zifanelwe ukuhlala ekhaya elingenabusi. Ikakhulukazi izingane ezine-asthma ye-bronchial.
- Ama-pair of paint, solvents and contaminants. Ukwanda kwengcoliseko yomoya kungabangela imbangela ye-asthma, futhi iyaba yinto evamile kakhulu.
- Ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo. I-asthma ayikho ngenxa ye "izinzwa," kodwa izinto ezinjengokucindezeleka noma ukuphazamiseka okwesabisa kungabangela ukuqhuma.
- Ukunciphisa umzimba ezilwaneni. Izilwane aziboni izimpawu ezimweni eziningi, kodwa abanye abantu bayaqaphela ukuthi izimpawu zabo ziba zimbi nakakhulu lapho ziseduze nezilwane ezithile.
- Amathikithi endlini yothuli. Lesi yisidalwa esincane esiphila ematendeni nasothuli nxazonke zendlu. Uma ingane yakho isifo sofuzo kulokhu, izimpawu zakhe zingase zibe nzima kakhulu. Akunakwenzeka ukususa uthuli ngokuphelele. Ukunciphisa ngokuphawulekayo inombolo yabo kungaba, kodwa kuthatha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo, futhi kuhlanganisa: ukuhlanza okumanzi okuvame, izembozo ezikhethekile zamathebhuzi, ukususwa kwamathikithi, amathoyizi athambileyo.
- Ezinye imikhiqizo yokudla. Lokhu kwenzeka kakhulu.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo se-asthma. Inhalers.
Iningi labantu abane-asthma sebenzisa i-inhalers. Ngosizo lwabo, umthamo omncane wezidakamizwa uhanjiswa ngqo emphefumulweni wokuphefumula. Umthamo ukwanele ukwelapha ukuphefumula. Kodwa-ke, inani lomuthi owela kuwo wonke umzimba awunaki. Ngakho-ke imiphumela emibi ayinakwenzeka. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-inhalers eyenziwe izinkampani ezahlukene.
I-inhaler iyisithenjwa. Uthatha naye njengoba kudingeka ukuze aqede izimpawu. Isidakamizwa kule-inhaler sidlulisa imisipha yepheshana lokuphefumula. Lokhu kwenza kube lula, futhi izimpawu zivame ukunyamalala ngokushesha. Lezi zidakamizwa zibizwa ngokuthi "i-bronchodilators", njengoba zandisa i-bronchi (iphefumula). Kunezidakamizwa eziningi ezihlukene-ezikhululekayo. Isibonelo, i-salbutamol ne-terbutaline. Bafika ngemikhiqizo ehlukene, eyenziwe izinkampani ezahlukene. Uma izimpawu zezingane zakho zivela "ngezikhathi ezithile", bese usebenzisa i-inhaler enjalo yilokho okudingayo. Kodwa-ke, uma udinga i-inhaler izikhathi ezintathu ngesonto noma ngaphezulu ukuze unciphise izimpawu, ngokuvamile ukuvimbela-inhaler kunconywa.
I-inhaler-evimbelayo. Uhamba naye nsuku zonke ukuvimbela izimpawu. Isidakamizwa esisetshenziselwa kuso yi-steroid. I-Steroids ihlose ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emoyeni. Lokhu kuthatha izinsuku ezingu-7-14, kuze kube yilapho umphumela wezidakamizwa uzothola ngokugcwele. Ngakho-ke, le inhaler ngeke inikeze ukuphumula ngokushesha izimpawu. Nokho, emva kwesonto ukwelashwa, izimpawu zivame ukunyamalala noma inani labo liyancipha kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokufinyelela umthelela omkhulu, kungathatha kusuka emavikini amane kuya kwamasonto ayisithupha. Ngemva kwalokho, akufanele usebenzise i-inhaler-reliever kaningi. Futhi kungcono ukungasebenzisi nhlobo.
I-inhaler esebenza isikhathi eside. Kungenziwa inikezwe udokotela ngaphezu kwe-steroid inhaler. Kuyadingeka ingane uma izimpawu zingalawulwa ngokuphelele yi-steroid inhaler. Ukulungiswa kulezi zinhlayiya kusebenza amahora angama-12 ngemuva kokuthatha umthamo ngamunye. Zihlanganisa i-salmeterol ne-formoterol. Amanye ama-inhalers aqukethe, ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-steroids asebenza isikhathi eside.
Ukwelapha okwengeziwe nge-asthma.
Ithebhulethi yokuvula imimoya yomoya.
Abantu abaningi abadingi amaphilisi, ngoba inhalers bavame ukusebenza kahle. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, amaphilisi (noma efomini yezingane) enqunywe ngaphezu kwe-inhalers uma izimpawu zingagcini ngokuphelele. Ezinye izingane ezincane zinqunywe imithi yamanzi esikhundleni se-inhaler.
Amaphilisi e-steroid.
Inkambo emfushane ye-steroids ezibhebheni (isib. Prednisone) ngezinye izikhathi kudingekile ukunciphisa ukuhlaselwa okunamandla noma okude isikhathi eside. Amaphilisi e-steroid angcono ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala emoyeni. Isibonelo, uma umntwana ehlushwa izifo ezibandayo noma zesifuba.
Abanye abantu bakhathazekile ngokuthatha amaphilisi e-steroid. Noma kunjalo, inkambo emfushane ye-steroids ezibhebheni (ngesonto noma ngaphezulu) isebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthi ibangele imiphumela emibi. Iningi lemiphumela emibi ebangelwa amaphilisi e-steroid abonakala uma ubapha ingane yakho isikhathi eside (ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezimbalwa).
Ayikho indlela yonke yokuphatha i-asthma kuwo wonke umuntu. Kodwa-ke, cishe isigamu sezingane ezithuthukisa i-asthma, ziyingxenye yalesi sifo ngaphambi kokuba zibe ngabantu abadala. Nakuba kungaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka kanjani, kuyiqiniso. Kodwa ngisho noma i-asthma ingakaze iphele ngesikhathi sayo, izindlela zokwelashwa zanamuhla zenza kube lula ukuhlala nalesi sifo ngokuphila okujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, uma ingane yakho ine-asthma, ungesabi. Hlanganisa ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokuthi yini owafuna ukwazi nge-asthma ezinganeni. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuba ubhekane nale nkinga kalula.