Igama le-genus lihunyushwe kusuka kwisiGreki elithi "nerion" njenge "emanzi", "eluhlaza" futhi ngenxa yesidingo se-oleander ekusetshenzisweni okusebenza kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Igama lezinhlobo zakhiwa ngamagama athi "olso", okuhunyushwa ngokuthi "okwesabekayo", futhi "andros" - iziqhingi zamaGreki.
I-Oleander ibhekisela ezitshalweni ezinobuthi, ngoba iqukethe i-glycosides yenhliziyo, isibonelo oleandrin. Kusukela emaqabungeni athola amalungiselelo ekhoninini neoriolin, asetshenziselwa kakhulu imithi ekwelapheni izifo zenhliziyo. Izimbali ze-oleander ziqhumisa kakhulu, kepha akufanele zifake iphunga lawo isikhathi eside, ngoba lokhu kubangela izinhlungu. Ku phytodesign lesi sitshalo sisetshenziswa kokubili njengesitshalo esisodwa kanye nokudala amaqembu ezinhlobonhlobo. Zivame ukuhlotshaniswa ngezakhiwo zangaphakathi zomphakathi.
Imithetho yokunakekela isitshalo
Ukukhanyisa. Izindlu zendlu izindlu zikhetha izindawo ezikhanyayo, zelanga futhi zomoya omuhle. Kunconywa ukuwafaka kumafasitela aseningizimu. Ngamafasitela asesenyakatho, amaqabunga avame ukulahlwa ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya. Kulesi simo, udinga ukwakha ukukhanya okungeziwe usebenzisa izibani ze-fluorescent. Ehlobo kunconywa ukuthi uphume e-veranda noma emkhathini, shiya endaweni enelanga enomoya omuhle. Qaphela imvula emgqeni. Uma kungenakukwazi ukuthwala lesi sitshalo emoyeni ovulekile, khona-ke le nqubo ingashintshwa ngokunyakaza okuvamile ekamelweni. Ebusika, i-oleander iphinde ifune ukukhanya okukhanyayo. Faka kulezi zinkanyiso izibani ezincane ze-fluorescent: 60-70 cm ngaphezu kwesitshalo. Faka kubo ngamahora angu-7-8 ngosuku. Esikhathini sekwindla nobusika, amakamelo kufanele abuye aphefumle umoya, agweme ama-drafts. Uma i-oleander iqala ukulahla amahlamvu, lokhu kubonisa ukuntuleka kokukhanyisa. Khumbula ukuthi uma isitshalo sikhule ngokukhanya okuphansi, kumele kube kancane kancane ukujwayela ukukhanya okukhulu.
Umbuso wokushisa. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, lesi sitshalo sithanda ukushisa kwezinga elingaphakathi kwama-20-27 ° C nokufinyelela njalo emoyeni omusha. Ngekwindla, izinga lokushisa liyancipha kancane kancane ku-15-18 ° C, futhi ebusika ligcinwa lipholile (8-15 ° C), kodwa izindawo ezikhanyisiwe. Phakathi no-Mashi, ukushisa okungenani ku-16 ° C kukhethwa.
Ukunisela. Kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, i-oleander kufanele iphuze ngokweqile ngokushesha nje lapho ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi selomile. Esikhathini esishisayo kunconywa ukuthi ushiye amanzi epanini. Ukunisela kwenziwa ngamanzi alula. Ukushisa kwalo kufanele kube ngo-2-3 ° C ngaphezu kwekamelo lokushisa. Esikhathini sekwindla nobusika, isitshalo sinconywa ukuba siphuze amanzi ngokulinganisela, singavumeli inhlabathi ukuthi iyancipha kanye nezimpande zokubola. Amanzi kufanele abe njalo ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-2-3 emva kokugcwala okuphezulu kwe-substrate eyomile. Khumbula ukuthi i-oleander iyakwazi ukumiswa kwe-coma yomhlaba. Ebusika, kuyadingeka ukupenda lesi sitshalo ngamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa, ngoba ezimweni zomoya ezomile amathiphu amaqabunga aphelile.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ukondla i-oleander kunconywa ngesikhathi sehlobo sasehlobo, besebenzisa umquba omanzi owenziwe ngamanzi nezimbiwa. Zisetshenziselwa okunye njalo njalo emavikini amabili. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kwenziwe ngezinsuku ezinamafu emva kwehafu yehora ngemva kokuphuza.
Ukudubula. Ukusuka kwezihlahla kuncike ekutheni i-oleander eluhlaza izoqhakaza kanjani. Kuyenziwa ngemuva kokuchichima, ukunciphisa amahlumela cishe ingxenye. Lokhu kwenza sikwazi ukukhula amahlumela aseneminyaka elilodwa, ekugcineni lapho izimbali zakha khona. Amahlamvu ahlwanyelwe angadliwa futhi atshalwe, ahlome kahle. Ama-oleanders athela izimbali ngaphansi kwezimpande zezimbali avela amahlumela we-vegetative. Kudingeka zihlulwe, njengoba ziphazamisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezinso. Uma lesi sitshalo singapheli isikhathi eside, sikhuluma ngokunciphisa okubuthakathaka, ukukhanya okwanele, nokuntuleka kokudla okunomsoco kanye nomswakama. Ukuze ukufakelwa, isikhathi esihle kakhulu phakathi kokuphela kukaMeyi nasekuqaleni kukaJuni. Izitshalo ezincane zenziwa minyaka yonke, kubantu abadala - njalo eminyakeni 2-3. Ukuze kube nezimbali ezingcono, i-oleander kufanele ihliswe kancane ngotshani webumba, ngoba lapho ukuphindaphinda izimpande ezindala kufushane. Ukutshala isitshalo somuthi omdala wesayizi omkhulu kunzima. Kulesi simo, inqubo isetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni sezulu phezulu ngokusha noma ukushintshwa. Izimpande ezihlutshiwe kufanele zifafazwe ngamalahle achotshoziwe. Inhlabathi esetshenziselwa ukufakelwa kabusha i-loamy, i-acidity ingaba ngu-6. Ngezinye izikhathi inhlanganisela ye-1 ingxenye yeqabunga, izingxenye ezimbili ze-turf phansi ne-1 ingxenye peat, humus, isihlabathi, nokufaka uphondo lwe-shavings lisetshenzisiwe. Kunconywa ukwenza imithombo emihle.
Lezi zitshalo zasendlini ziyasakazeka ngokwemvelo (ngezingqimba zomoya kanye nokusika) futhi ezingavamile yizimbewu.
Ukuqapha: Khumbula ukuthi izitshalo ze-oleander ziqukethe ijusi elinobuthi. Qaphela lapho usebenza nabo bese usebenzisa amaglavu. Akunconywa ukuthi uqale i-oleander uma kukhona izingane endlini. I-oleander eyingozi kakhulu yezinkukhu. Emva kokusebenza nesitshalo, ungakhohlwa ukugeza izandla zakho kahle nge-sese namanzi. Akunconywa ukuba uhlale isikhathi eside eduze kwe-oleander ekhulayo futhi ikakhulukazi ukuchitha ubusuku ekamelweni lapho kuqhuma khona. I-toxic akuyona nje ingxenye eluhlaza yesitshalo, kodwa izimbali nezithelo. Gcina izingane ziphume emilonyeni yazo. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-oleander kuholela ekuhlanzeni, isisu esithukuthele, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo yenhliziyo, isizungu, ukuphuza umfundi nokuxazulula izinkinga. Ungavumeli i-oleander juice ifinyelele emanxebeni.
Kunzima kokunakekelwa
I-Oleander - izitshalo ukuthi, uma kunesibindi sokukhanya, musa ukuqhakaza, futhi ebusika zilahlwa ngamaqabunga. Ukuhluma okumnandi kwe-oleander bushes kungenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya nokudla, ukuntuleka kokunciphisa nokuphuza okwanele. Ukuhlupheka kwesifo esithile, umdlavuza okuthiwa i-oleander.
Izinambuzane: i-scutellum, i-chervets, i-aphid, izibungu zesicabucabu.