Izinhlobo C. i-Arabica L., kanye nezinhlobo zayo, zavela kabanzi. Lesi sitshalo sibaluleke kakhulu, njengoba izithelo zawo zilungiselela iziphuzo ze-tonic. Kwamanye amazwe, ikhofi iyingxenye ebalulekile yomnotho. Lezi zitshalo ezihlobisa njalo zivame ukutholakala kokubili emakamelweni ezindawo zokuhlala ezijwayelekile, naseziqoqweni zezitshalo zezitshalo zezitshalo.
Ekhaya, isivuno esivela esihlahleni esisodwa singafinyelela ku-500 amagremu ezinhlamvu. Yiqiniso, ukuqhathanisa ikhwalithi yalezi zinhlamvu ngeBrazil akufanelekile, kodwa noma yimuphi umnikazi walesi sitshalo sangaphakathi uzoziqhenya ngokuvuna akuvuna. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi umuthi wekhofi uthanda amakamelo afudumele futhi afudumele kakhulu.
Kukhona umlando wokuthi izakhi zekhofi ezitholwe ngabelusi base-Abyssinian. Izimbuzi zabo zadla izithelo namaqabunga ala mithi, futhi baqala ukubona ukuthi izilwane emva kokudla okunjalo zivukile ebusuku.
Ukunakekela isitshalo.
Indlu izitshalo ikhofi isihlahla njengokukhanya okukhanyayo, kodwa ungabeki ukukhanya kwelanga eliqondile, ngakho bazama ukuthatha i-pritenyat. Indawo enhle yekhofi ekhulayo iyoba eduze kwefasitela kusukela ohlangothini olusentshonalanga-empumalanga. Ehlangothini olusenyakatho, lesi sitshalo singase singabi nelanga. Futhi ohlangothini oluseningizimu, lesi sitshalo kufanele sivuleke kusukela elangeni.
Kunconywa ukukhanyisa isihlahla ebusika ngezibani. Ehlobo, kuhle ukuthatha izitshalo emoyeni omusha (ibhaluni, egcekeni, engadini), lapho lizovikelwa khona emvula, ilanga eliqondile kanye nemidwebo. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, ikamelo elinesitshalo kufanele libe nomoya wokuphuza umoya.
Ukwenza lesi sitshalo sijwayele izinga elisha lokukhanyisa, ukukhanya kukhishwa (ngosizo lwe gauze noma ikhethini lesikhumba).
Ukushisa okuhle kwekhofi ehlobo yi-22-24 degrees, kodwa akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-16. Ebusika, izinga lokushisa kufanele lihlehliswe ku-16-18 degrees, umkhawulo omncane yizi-14 degrees. Lesi sitshalo sidinga umoya omusha, kodwa imigwaqo kufanele igwenywe.
Lezi zindlu zifuna ukuchelela njalo ehlobo, kodwa akufanelekile ukuthululwa. Ebusika, ukuthambisa okulinganisela kunconywa. Amanzi kufanele athambile, ahlale eqinile, egumbini lokushisa noma atshise kancane. Kuyadingeka ukuba uqaphele njalo izinga lokuswakama kwenhlabathi, ngoba lesi sitshalo sesaba ukomisa kanye namanzi.
Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo, lesi sitshalo sithanda umswakama ophezulu. Ncoma njalo ukupomfaza ngamanzi athambile ekamelweni lokushisa.
Ngo-Meyi-Juni, qala ukudla ikhofi, ngokuphindaphindiwe kwezinsuku zonke ezingu-10-14. Ukugqoka okuphezulu, usawoti we-nitrogen noma i-potassium kufanelekile. I-1 litre yamanzi, 3 g we-salti potassium no-5 g we-ammonium nitrate. Izihlahla ezindala kufanele zithole u-1 litre yalesi sombululo ngenkathi ekhula. Esikhathini sekwindla nobusika, ukunceliswa kumisiwe.
Ukuze ikhofi ithathe ifomu lesitshalo, amahlumela amancane ayelulekwa ukuba angene. Amahlumela amancane asomile kumele asuswe, azincotshwe phansi.
Ngesikhathi sokuqala lesi sitshalo siqhakaza cishe eminyakeni engu-3-4. Kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ikhofi inezimbali ezincane ezimhlophe, nephunga elimnandi, elifana nephunga le-jasmine. Ngemva kwesikhashana, izithelo ezincane eziluhlaza ziqala ukubopha, ekugcineni zibomvu. E-fetus ngayinye, kwakhiwa imbewu emibili, esijwayele ukubiza ngokuthi "ikhofi". Emibandela yefulethi yokuvuthwa kwamahhishi wekhofi kuzothatha cishe ngonyaka. Lapho izithelo zivuthwa, zizobona umbala obomvu obomvu obomvu.
Ukutshala izitshalo ezincane zidinga njalo ngonyaka kuze kufike isikhathi semifino, izitshalo ezindala zifakelwa njalo eminyakeni emibili. Uma umuthi ukhula ebhodini, khona-ke uma izibhebhe zibola. Kodwa izitshalo ezinjalo zidinga umhlaba we-podsypki njalo. Inhlabathi yomuthi wekhofi i-acidic ebuthakathaka. I-Substrate for transplantation kufanele ibe nezingxenye ezilinganayo ze-turf, amaqabunga omhlaba, isanti kanye nama-humus. Ngaphansi kwebhodlela kumele kube kuhle kwamanzi.
Ukukhiqizwa kwesitshalo.
Ukusabalalisa komuthi wekhofi wesitshalo kuvame ukuhlwanyela imbewu, njengoba izihlahla zingakhiwe kahle.
Imbewu yokutshala kufanelekile ngonyaka ngemuva komhlangano, njengoba ilahlekelwa amandla okuhluma. Hlwanyela imbewu emabhokisini noma ezitsheni. Ukushisa okukhulu kwembewu yokuhluma kungama-degrees angu-20. Ukwakhiwa kwe-substrate yokutshala: amaqabunga - 1/2 ingxenye, i-turf - ingxenye engu-1 nesihlabathi-ingxenye engu-1. Izithombo ezindala zifakelwa zibe izimbiza ezincane. Ukwakhiwa kwezwe kuyafana futhi kwaphuza kakhulu. Lapho izimpande zithola yonke inhlama yomhlaba, enye yokufakelwa isenziwa. Ngoba i-substrate ithathwa ngokulinganisela okulinganayo kwe-turf, amaqabunga umhlaba nomhlabathi. Ehlobo, ungakwazi ukuphelisa ukudla, njalo ngezinsuku ezingu-14.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka.
Amaqabunga angahle ahlukaniswe uma inhlabathi ingacacile ngokwanele.
Uma umoya ungeyomanzi ngokwanele, amathiphu amaqabunga angomile.
Uma lesi sitshalo siboniswa ilanga eliqondile, lingashiswa. Amaqabunga aphuzi, noma azomboza ngezindawo ezimnyama.
Ukuphuza ngokweqile kungabangela ukubola nokulahlekelwa kwamahlamvu.
Ukuze ugweme umonakalo emaqabunga omuthi, lesi sitshalo kumele siphuziswa ngamanzi alula kakhulu. Kunganciphisa ngosizo lwamathebulethi akhethekile, okuvikelwe noma okudwetshiwe, ukugcina emgodini ngamanzi okunisela.
Ngomuthi wekhofi, izinambuzane ezilandelayo ziyesabekayo: isikhumba, i-aphid, isi-spider mite ne-mealybug.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo.
Isiphuzo, esenziwe ngembewu efihliwe ikhofi, ikhulula ikhanda, ihlanza izitsha. Isiza kwezinye izimo zobuthi obuthi.
Ezimweni egumbini, imbewu isuswa emhlathini futhi yomiswe emoyeni ovulekile. Imbewu eyomile yakhiwe ukuze ibe nombala obomvu, thandaze futhi ubilise ngamanzi abilayo (isipuni esingu-1 indebe yamanzi). Udinga ukuphoqelela ihora.