Ngakho-ke, sesivele sicabange ukuthi luhlobo luni lwembali, i-dahlia, indlela yokukukhuphula ngayo, lokho okuthandayo nokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani, kepha lokhu akuyona yonke into ethanda imbali okumele ikwazi ukulimala lezi zimbali ezinhle. Kulesi sihloko sizokwethula izihloko ezibaluleke kakhulu ezingakuthandayo - ukuthi ungagcina kanjani, wande futhi uvikele ama-dahlias ezinambuzane nezifo.
Ungagcina kanjani ama-dahlias?
Ngaphambi kwama-frosts amanje, izimbali sezizoqhakaza, ngakho-ke kufanele usike wonke ama-dahlias amahlumela ngendlela ehamba ngayo ngamasentimitha angu-15 kuphela emmpandeni, bese ungabamba izilimo eziyizigaxa ngokwabo. Hlola, bese uyigwedeza phansi bese uyibeka ngandlela-thile uhlobo lwebhakabhaka elisebusweni.
Ukuze usinde ebusika, izilimo eziyizigaxa ze-dahlia zingasinda, kudingeka wenze lokhu: hlaziya isisombululo esilula se-potassium permanganate bese ubamba izilimo eziyizigaxa kuso isigamu sehora, bese uyomisa kahle. Amaviki amathathu okuqala udinga ukulondoloza ukushisa kwama-8-10 degrees of heat, ukuvuselela igumbi njalo nokunikeza umswakama emoyeni we 90%.
Lapho amasonto amathathu okuqala adlule ngempumelelo, izilimo eziyizigaxa zingathunyelwa emiphongolweni noma emgodini we-hibernation, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya kufanele libe yi-3-6 degrees Celsius kanye nomswakama 50-60%. Yiqiniso, izinga lokushisa lingahluka, kodwa into esemqoka ukuvumela ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa ngezansi kwama-degrees angu-0. Ngentwasahlobo, ungathola ukuthi iyiphi i-dahlia engcono kunawo wonke, uwahlele ngamakhono ahlukene noma amaphakheji ngesikhathi uhlela. Amaphakheji akufanele ahlanganiswe nganoma iyiphi indlela, ukuze izitshalo zikwazi ukukhathala futhi ziphuze umoya. Ebusika, kuzodingeka ukuthi uhlele izikhathi eziningi zokutshala, ngoba izilimo eziyizigaxa ezonakalisiwe nezigulayo zingase zivele.
Uma uhlala efulethini lomuzi, ungagcina izingulube kuphela uma zomile endaweni ephansi yokushisa nomswakama ophezulu. Beka izilimo eziyizigaxa ebhokisini bese ubathumela endaweni epholile kunazo zonke ongenazo endlini yakho kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njalo udinga ukubheka izilimo eziyizigaxa bese ususa izicabha ezonakalisiwe. Uma uqaphela ukuthi lezi zilimo eziyizigaxa zaqala ukuma, bese uzifafaza ngamanzi, uma kusuka esikhathini esisodwa zingabi ngcono, bese wenza le nqubo izikhathi ezimbalwa.
Ukukhiqizwa kwemibala yobukhosi
I-Dahlias ingasakazwa yi-cuttings, imbewu kanye ne-vegetatively. Ngo-Ephreli yisikhathi sokuvuna kakhulu kunazo zonke kule nyanga. Esihlokweni esandulele, sixoxisane nawe ukuthi usakaze kanjani ama-daisies ngosizo lwembewu, ukusakazwa ngendlela ye-vegetative kudinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwabelana ngezilimo eziyizigaxa, kubalulekile ukuthi ziyi-powdered kancane. Ukuze wenze lokhu, zifakwa ebhokisini ngejantshi, i-sawdust noma i-fluorine, zifaka i-1/3 kuphela futhi zibeke endaweni ekhanyayo. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zidinga ukuba zihanjiswe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngemva kokubona ukuthi banamaphuzu okukhula, ususe ngokucophelela emhlabathini. U-Kakuzhe uthe ekuqaleni i-tuber idinga ukuhlukaniswa ukuze okungenani ibe nokuqina kwe-tuber eyodwa nengxenye yentamo impande nezinso.
Ngokulandelayo, izilimo eziyizigaxa ezihlukanisiwe kufanele zomiswe futhi zifafazwe ngamalahle achotshoziwe, futhi manje kungenzeka ukuwaphonsa emabhokisini nasemabhokisini. Empeleni, njengoba uhlwanyela izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile, kuyadingeka ukuba uzigcine endlini ngaphakathi kokushisa kwama-degrees Celsius angu-15 futhi ngokulinganisela uphuzisa. Uma ungenalo ikhono lokugcina izilimo eziyizigaxa kuleli lokushisa, futhi zisendaweni efudumele, khona-ke zidinga ukuba zishiye ezinsukwini ezinelanga ukuze umoya ongenamanzi ukuze zenze lukhuni.
Uma kungekho ingozi yeqhwa, izilimo eziyizigaxa zingatshalwa endaweni engapheli ezweni elivulekile.
Uma ufuna ukusabalalisa i-dahlias nge-cuttings, kufanele wazi ukuthi noma yisiphi isiqu kufanele sihlukaniswe nesitshalo somama "nesithende". Inketho enhle kunayo yonke ama-side shoots, asuswe uma efinyelela ku-8-10 amasentimitha.
I-stem cuttings iyanqunywa ngaphansi kwe-leaf node, i-alista ingasuswa ngalesi sikhathi. Ngokushesha ngemva kokusika, lesi sitshalo sitshalwe esitsheni, ebhokisini noma emhlabathini kuphela, kodwa kufanele sihlanganiswe ne-polyethylene. Umswakama womoya kufanele ube phezulu, ukuze uhlelo lwempande lungadluli ngokushesha. Sam cherenok amaviki aqothulwe ngo-2-3.
Izifo zeDahlia
I-Dahlias yesaba kakhulu izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, izifo ze-fungal. Isifo esivamile kakhulu sefungal umlenze omnyama, kuyingozi kakhulu izimbali ezincane. Ukwembula ungabona ukugcoba nokuqothula kwesitshalo, emva kwalokho i-dahlia ifa maduzane. Ukuze uvimbele lesi sifo, kubalulekile ukutshala ama-cuttings emhlabathini ongasetshenzisiwe. Uma ubona izimpawu zokuqala, ngokushesha umhlabathi udinga ukuthululwa nge-1% isisombululo se-potassium permanganate.
Izifo ezinjengokubola okumhlophe noma ezomile ziboniswa ngamagqabi aphuzi, aphelile. Lezi yizifo ze-fungal. Abathandi abaningi bezimbali, lapho bebona lesi sifo, baqhubeke beqeda kakhulu-basuse izitshalo ezigulayo, baphilise phansi umhlaba, bese bewugubha ngokuphelele.
Ukubola okumile kungaphazamisa izitshalo ngisho nangesikhathi sokushisa, lapho ugcina izilimo eziyizigaxa kuphela ekhaya. Ukubola ngokumile emithonjeni yezilimo eziyizigaxa uzobona ngokushesha, ngakho-ke lezi zindawo zinqunywe endaweni enempilo, futhi izindawo zokusika ziphephule ngamalahle nge-grey or gold ingxube. Futhi uma ubona ukuthi lezi zilimo eziyizigaxa zithintekile kakhulu, kungcono ukuwaphonsa wonke.
Kungenzeka ukuthi ama-dahlias avela kuma-dahlias, lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi sitshalo sithatheleleke nge-powdery isikhutha. Njengomthetho, isikhutha se-powdery siqala futhi sivela lapho umoya omile kakhulu kanye no-priperezkih lokushisa umehluko. Ukusetshenziswa kokugcinwa kwesilondolozi sokuhlanzwa kwemibala nge-colloidal sulfur noma ngesando, oyosiqeda emanzini, ukuthola isixazululo esingu-1%.
Kodwa-ke, ungagcina isitshalo ekuqaleni kwesigaba sokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, silungise i-sulfate yethusi nesisombululo se-soapy. Thatha amasentimitha angama-220 esepha, ama-gramu angu-2 we-vitriol yethusi kanye nelitha lamanzi. Ngalesi sigaba, sebenzisa i-opsnisteristenie futhi uphinde wenze inqubo ngesonto.
Izifo ezibangelwa yi-viral ziyingozi nakakhulu futhi zingathí sina, zingabonakala ngendlela yokuqhekeka namabala emaqabunga, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuphulukisa imbali, ngakho-ke izitshalo ezigulayo kufanele zisuswe, futhi isisombululo kanye nayo yonke inhlabathi kufanele ikhunjulwe. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, nakanjani, ukumba kahle.
Izifo zamabhaktheriya zithinta kakhulu ama-dahlias, zizibonakalisa ngokwazo nge-tuberculate outgrowths ezenza izimbali zife. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ziqala ukubola, bese zibola, kanti umhlabathi ozungezile uphinde utheleleke ngamagciwane. Cishe iminyaka emihlanu, lezi zinhlamvu zingagcinwa enhlabathini. Izitshalo ezigulayo kufanele zibhujiswe ngokuphuthumayo.
Izinambuzane ezifana ne-thrips, i-meadow bugs kanye nama-aphid nazo ziyizilokazane futhi, ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, zihlotshaniswa nezimbali. I-anti-tainting agent - ukuphalaza. Noma kunjalo, ukumnika lezi zinhloso kufanele kube okukhethekile - kusuka ku-Dalmatian chamomile nesisombululo sesepha. Thatha amagremu angama-300 esepha ngalitha yamanzi, isobho kanye nesisombululo segwayi kanye neminye imikhiqizo evikela kahle izitshalo ezivela ezinambuzane. Ama-bugs kanye nama-slugs angaphinda afake i-pozaritsya kumaqabunga amancane e-dahlias. I-wireworm izokhipha izicubu zesitshalo se-tuber. I-nematode ifinyelela emagqabeni, izimpande ziphelile, ngesikhathi esifanayo kunezinhlanzi kulezi zindawo.
Uma ubona izibungu, izibhungane noma izinambuzane ensimini yakho yembali, ziqoqe futhi uzibhubhise, uphinde uchithe imishanguzo yemibhede nemifino. Khumbula ukuthi isayithi lakho kufanele libe lihlanzekile futhi lihlanzekile.
Futhi into eyodwa: ukwesabisa izinambuzane, sebenzisa i-marigold, engatshalwa eduze kwama-daisies, khona-ke iphunga elibukhali lizobasosa.