Kanye nodokotela bechungechunge lwe-TV ethandwayo, thina, sihlezi phambi kwe-TV, siqhuba imisebenzi enzima. Kodwa abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi kufanele baphathe kahle kanjani isilonda futhi basebenze ibhande eliqinile. Kodwa ngobuningi bezinkinga ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, kwanele ukwazi imithetho embalwa yokusiza lokuqala, futhi uhlomile ukulwa nokuhlukunyezwa ekhaya. Ngisho noma ungalokothi ulahleke ezimweni ezinjalo futhi uhlale ukulungele ukusiza isisulu, zihlole: wenza konke okulungile.
Usizo lokuqala uma kwenzeka ukulimala nokuphuka
Ake siqale ngokuhlangana okulula futhi okuvame kakhulu - ukuhlinzeka ngosizo lokuqala ngokulimaza. Ngokujwayelekile asimaki ukunakekelwa - kuzolimaza futhi kume. Ngcono kakhulu, sizosebenzisa okuthile okubandayo ukulimaza. Kodwa-ke, esimweni lapho ukushaya kunzima kakhulu, kwavela ukulimala okukhulu futhi indawo ephazamisekile yayivuvukala kakhulu - qiniseka ukuthi i-hematoma ayifuni. Kulesi simo, kuhle ukubonisana nodokotela. Uma kungenjalo, igazi elivela ezitheni ezincane elilimaziwe lingabuyekezwa kabusha. Ngaphandle ngeke kubheke ubuhle. Uma uthintana nodokotela, uzosusa igazi emathisini, ahlasele indawo yokulimala. Izimo ezinzima kangaka, ngenhlanhla, azivamile. Uma kwenzeka ukuhlukunyezwa okulula, kwanele ukufaka ukushisa kwezinsuku ezimbili zokuqala, bese usebenzisa ukushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibalo zamakhemikhali zinamafutha ahlukene okwanele ukusiza ukulimala kuhambe ngokushesha.
Akunabantu abaningi kakhulu emhlabeni ukuthi isiphetho sisindise kusuka e-fractures - imilenze, izandla, noma okungenani umunwe. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kokuthi abantu abaningi bazi ngokwazi kwabo ukuthi yiziphi imizwa enizizwayo, kuphela ngosizo lwe-X-ray ongakwazi ukuhlukanisa ngokunembile ukuphuka okuvela ekusikheni noma ekuweleni. Kodwa kukhona izibonakaliso zezici ekuphukeni: ukulimaza nokulimaza ifomu endaweni yokulimala. Njengomthetho, ukuzama ukuhambisa umlenze akunikezi imiphumela, kodwa kukhona ukuhamba okungavamile endaweni yokulimala. Izingibe nezingalo ziqala ukugoba ezindaweni ezingalindelekile nakwezinye izinto ezingalindelekile. Ngokungafani nokuhlukana, isimo sokujoyina siphume ngesikhathi sichithwa. Ukuzama ukuqondisa noma yini engalweni noma emlenzeni owonakele ayikwazi. Okokuqala, ungadonsela isisulu esimweni sokuthuthumela okubuhlungu. Okwesibili, faka ukuhlukana okujwayelekile kube ukuhlukana ngokubambisana. Usizo lwezokwelapha lokuqala ukuqinisekisa ukungahambi kahle okuphelele kwengxenye yomzimba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ama-bandages namathayi, ungasebenzisa ngisho namapulangwe nanoma yikuphi okubhaliwe. Shinning - ngisho nasensimini yindaba elula. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, imithetho eminingi ejwayelekile kufanele ibonwe:
- Isondo libekiwe phezu kwezicathulo nezingubo, umuntu omele akufanele akhonze. Uma kukhona ukusola kokuqhekeka okuvulekile noma kunesinye isilonda, unqume izingubo futhi ubeke i-bandiseptic bandage;
- Akunakwenzeka ukuqinisa amabhandeki ngokuqinile uma isondo lisetshenziswa - lokhu kuzophazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi. Uma i-fracture ihambisana nokuphuma kwamagciwane, khona-ke i-tourniquet isetshenziswa ngaphambi kokuqhafaza;
- Isondo akufanele libe mfushane kakhulu - udinga ukulungisa amalunga amabili aseduzane.
- Uma ngabe kukhona okungafani nesondo, khona-ke umlenze obonakalisiwe kufanele uboshwe enempilo, futhi ingalo kufanele imiswe okwesikhashana, ikhiphe ikona. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi, ngisho noma ungaqiniseki ukuthi usebenza ngokuhlukana, kungcono ukugcoba nokulungisa ingxenye emelekile yomzimba.
Ukuhlinzeka ngosizo lokuqala lwamanxeba
Ukuhlasela kwesibili okuvame kakhulu - zonke izinhlobo zokusika. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuxubha, ukulimala kanye nezinkinga ezifanayo. Okokuqala, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi isilonda sihlanzekile. Uma ngabe udoti lufika kuwo, kufanele luhlanjululwe ngamanzi abandayo. Emaphethelweni enxeba (kodwa kuphela emaphethelweni! I-iodine esilonda isisindo sokushisa) kufanele iphathwe nge-iodine noma i-zelenka. Futhi, uma i-dissection noma i-cut is enkulu ngokwanele, futhi, ngokusobala, kuyadingeka ukuphoqa izihlalo, kungcono ukhethe i-iodine ngokukhipha i-disinfection. Kulesi simo, udokotela uzokwazi ukubona kangcono imiphetho yesilonda.
Ngomonakalo onjalo, ukuphuma kwegazi kuvula, ngakho-ke usizo lokuqala luyadingeka. Njengoba kuphuma igazi elincane, i-constant constant yezinkinga zasemakhaya, ibhande elihlanzekile (futhi, mhlawumbe, eliyinyumba), noma ngisho ne-plaster, lanele. Into esemqoka ukuthi ukungcola akungena esilonda. Ungenzi i-bandage kakhulu, ihlukumeze ukujikeleza kwegazi, kodwa akufanele ihlehlise. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-bandage ngokufanele kuzokuvikela ekutheleleni, ukuthatha imfihlo esilonda bese umisa ukuphuma.
Uma ungazitholi nje, kodwa ubuhlungu umuthi, kubi kakhulu, kepha akubulali. Into esemqoka ukuthatha izinyathelo ngesikhathi. Igazi kulokhu lizogeleza kusukela kwilonda lomsakazo obomvu obomvu omile. Ukuyeka ukuphuma kwegazi okunjalo, kuzodingeka wenze ibhande lokucindezela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngaphezu kwamabhandeki, isibonelo kusukela ebhandini, sebenzisa i-roller egxiliwe ngokuqinile noma i-handkerchief, yomeze noma uyiqinise ngokuqinile. I-bandage yokucindezela ingasetshenziswa futhi nge-capillary enamandla nokuphuma kwamagciwane amancane.
Ukuphuma kwegazi kuwukulimala kakhudlwana. Kule nkinga, igazi elibomvu elibomvu lishaya kusukela kwilonda ngokusakaza okukhulu. Nikeza usizo lwezokwelapha uma kwenzeka umonakalo emthini ngokushesha, ngoba kukhona ingozi yangempela yokuthi umuntu uzofa ngokulahlekelwa igazi. Ukumisa igazi, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa i-tourniquet ngenhla kwesayithi lokulimala, kepha njengoba usondelene nesilonda ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma ungenayo ihhashi ekhethekile ye-raber emkhakheni wakho wezokwelapha, amantombazane ka-kapron amantombazane noma amasheya azokwenza lo msebenzi. Kubalulekile ukucindezela umthambo ngokulinganayo ukuze umise ukuphuma kwegazi, ungabi namandla futhi ungabi buthakathaka. Futhi khumbula ukuthi ngemva kwehora elilodwa nesigamu - amahora amabili (futhi kubanda ngehora kamuva), i-tourniquet kufanele isuswe okungenani isigamu seminithi noma iminithi ukugwema i-necrosis yamathishu. Futhi-ke ungayisebenzisa futhi futhi, kodwa ephakeme kunalowo owedlule. Kodwa-ke, ngokuphaphazeka okukhulu kakhulu, lokhu kukhethwa ukuthi akufanele kwenziwe, ngoba imizuzwana embalwa ingadala impilo yomuntu.
Usizo lokuqala uma kwenzeka ukulimala
Ngeshwa, abantu ngezinye izikhathi bakhohlwa ukuthi imishini ethile ekukhiqizeni, izinto ezibukhali epulazini zidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ekusingathweni kwazo. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi umphumela wokunganakwa kungaba ukugoba kwengxenye yomzimba: ukushaywa komunwe, noma ngisho izandla noma izinyawo. Ngezinga lanamuhla lemithi kanye nemisebenzi yokuhlinza, ungakwazi ukuthunga ingxenye yomzimba emuva. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, usizo lwezokwelapha kufanele lunikezwe ngesikhathi. Okokuqala, kufanele sitshele ngokushesha i-ambulensi. Okwesibili, ngokushesha unqume ingxenye yomzimba esikhwameni seplastiki, bese ufaka kwesinye isikhwama, ngeqhwa. Geza isilonda ngamanzi abandayo futhi uboshwe nge-bandage oyinyumba noma indwangu. Ukuthobeka okulinganiselwe kokugqoka kungatholakala ngokufaka izinsimbi nge-iron eshisayo. Impumelelo eyengeziwe iyoxhomeke ekutheni uwela ngokushesha kangakanani ezandleni zama-microsurgeons.
Ezimweni lapho isilonda singcolisiwe, isibonelo, uma ulimele, ukufakelwa imbali noma ukusika imibhede, kungcono ukusebenzisa usizo lochwepheshe odokotela. Ezweni lapho kukhona i-tetanus pathogen, futhi umuntu akufanele amnake isitha salo muntu. Njengokuqapha okungenakuqhathaniswa ngokuphelele, odokotela bayelulekwa ukuba baye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ukuze baphathe ukwelashwa kwegciwane lesilonda kanye ne-tetanus. Njengoba lesi sifo sinengozi, nemiphumela emibi, kanti ukwelashwa kunzima kakhulu. Uma kungenzeka, sikhumbula ukuthi ama-harbingers of tetanus ngezinye izikhathi athwala ubuhlungu ekilweni futhi adibanisa imisipha eseduze.
Uma isilonda sakho sibangelwa ukulunywa kwesilwane (ikakhulukazi engazijwayele), khona-ke kufanele kuhlanjwe nge-sese namanzi, mhlawumbe ngendwangu yasendlini. Ama-alkali equkethwe kuwo abulala amanxusa ase-causative of rabies. Lesi sifo siyingozi futhi singelapheki, ngakho-ke ezimweni ezinjalo kufanelekile ukuxhumana nendawo yokuphuthumayo. Futhi udokotela uzokhipha isinqumo uma udinga ukugonywa.
Usizo lokuqala lokushisa
Okushisayo, mhlawumbe, akudingeki ukuthi uchaze kunoma ubani. Kodwa imithetho yosizo lokuqala lwezokwelapha uyakhumbula. Khumbula, ukugcoba ukushisa akusona okukudingayo, ungathola ibanga lesibili kusuka ekulimaleni komzimba we-degree 1 (ubomvu nokuvuvukala okuncane). Njengomthetho, sivame ukuhlangana nalezi degree ezimbili ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Ngokushisa okuncane oku-1, kwanele ukubamba ingxenye ethintekile yomzimba ngaphansi kwamanzi abandayo. Ubuhlungu buzosiza ukuzolalisa amathini amancane anesifo sobuhlungu nge-foam. Ungasebenzisa u-70% utshwala noma i-cologne ngendawo enkulu yokushisa. Indawo ebomvu kufanele isuswe nge-ukotini woboya obanjwe kwenye yalezi ziphuzo. Ungasebenzisa okubi kakhulu ekugcineni kwevodka evamile. Le ndlela efanayo izokusiza uma ushiswa elangeni.
Ukushiswa kwesibili-degree nakho kuphathwa ngotshwala. Ngemuva kwalokhu, faka ibhande lokubopha phezulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho amabhubhu akhiwe akudingeki ahlaba! Ukutheleleka kungangena esilonda. Uma ngeshwa kwadingeka ubhekane nokushiswa kwe-III-IV degree, yazi ukuthi usizo lwakho kufanele lukhawulelwe ngokubiza "Usizo Lokuqala" nokubeka ibhande elibolile. Awukwazi ukuqeda izingcezu zokugqoka ezixhunywe kuso kusukela kwilonda, zingancishwa kuphela emngceleni wokushisa. I-bandage kumele isetshenziswe ngqo phezu kwabo.
Ezimweni zokushisa, ungakhohlwa ukuthi ubukhulu besimo ngokuqondile buxhomeke ebukhulu bomzimba owonakele. Ngendawo enkulu yokulimala, noma yikuphi ukushisa kubangelwa ukugula okujwayelekile - kusuka ekushaqweni kwesibindi kuya ekudleni kwe-toxemia (ukufaka umuthi emzimbeni ngemikhiqizo yokubola komzimba).
Usizo lokuqala uma kungenasici
Esikhathini esidlule abesifazane nabesifazane basemhlabeni ophezulu babethanda kakhulu ukuwela phansi ekutheni baphele amandla kuwo wonke amathuba. Ngakho-ke, babethwala nabo, kanye nazo zonke izintambo ezidingekayo zezinsikazi, amabhodlela ngethusi elimnandi. Thina, namuhla, akude kakhulu, futhi asigqoke ama-corsets noma. Kodwa cha, cha, futhi kwenzeka ukuthi ubone ukuthi umama osemusha uhlala kanjani phansi. Noma intombazane eye yanquma ukulala nendlala, kodwa ayiqoqi noma yiziphi i-khalori, ilahlekelwa ukwazi.
Izimbangela ezingabangela i-syncope, kunesisindo. Lokhu ukuguquka okubucayi kusuka endaweni enezingqimba kuya kwesimo esiqondile, ukushisa kwesibindi, ubuhlungu obukhulu, injabulo enobudlova, ukwesaba. Ungacabangi ukuthi ukulahlekelwa kokuqonda kuyinto engabalulekile. Ngesikhathi sokuwa, ungathola ukulimala okuhlukahlukene. Ukuphoqa ngokuvamile kudlula imizuzu eyodwa kuya emibili. Ngalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukuba nesikhathi sokunikeza usizo lokuqala.
Umuntu olahlekelwe ukwazi kufanele abekwe. Kusobala ukuthi isifiso sethu sokuhlela umuntu sikhululekile, kodwa akukho okumele sikubeke kulokhu akudingekile. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ikhanda kufanele liphonswe emuva. Kungaba ammonia ewusizo kakhulu esimweni esinjalo. Kungenziwa esikhundleni salona uviniga noma i-cologne. Nikeza iphunga elingenalutho loboya bekotini, ehlanganiswe nanoma iyiphi yalezi zimali, u-oyile naye nge-whisky. Ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo kungenxa yokunikezwa kwegazi okwanele ebuchosheni. Ngakho-ke, uma unikeza usizo lwezokwelapha kumuntu ophelile, ukuze igazi likhuphukele ekhanda, kufanele uphakamise imilenze yakho. Njengoba sebuthakathaka zonke izingqinamba zokubamba umoya nokuzibophezela, zihlakaze bonke abafuna ukwazi, bahlangane ukuze baqaphele ukuze bangaphazamisi ukutholakala komoya omusha. Esifubeni nasebusweni kuyasiza ukubeka ithawula elimanzi emanzini abandayo. Ngemuva kokuthi umuntu abuyele ekucabangeni, kuhle ukunikeza ikhofi eqinile noma itiye.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isifiso esikhulu sokunikeza usizo lokuqala ngokulimala okuhlukahlukene, kufanele uqale ubize i-ambulensi noma ushayele udokotela. Ngosizo lwezokwelapha lokuqala, into esemqoka akuyona ukulimaza isisulu ngisho nangaphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ukusiza, umuntu kufanele aqiniseke ngokufaneleka kwezenzo zakhe futhi angazami ngempilo. Ungasungula izindlela ezintsha ezingaziwa ngesayensi.