Ukuzalwa kwesibili, noma kunalokho, ukuvuka kwamawayini, kwenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo nokuzalwa kobuKristu. Ngakho-ke, ukutshalwa kwamagilebhisi nokukhiqizwa kwalesi siphuzo emhlabeni wonke kwadluliselwa ngokuphelele ezandleni zezinceku zikaNkulunkulu - izikhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iwayini lathola isimo sesiphuzo esilandelayo. Ukuphakama kwenkazimulo yezinhlobo zonke zewayini eYurophu kwafika ngekhulu le-15 le-12, lapho iwayini libhekwa njengisiphuzo kuphela esingaqeda ukoma kwakho.
Ukunciphisa ukuthandwa "kwesiphuzo soonkulunkulu" kwakungenxa yokubonakala kweziphuzo ezinjengokuthi: ikhofi, itiye, i-cocoa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubhiya wabonakala, ngokuphambanisa kakhulu iwayini phakathi kweziphuzo ezidakayo. Le nkathi yafika ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-XII, ngakho-ke isiko lokunqoba kwakuseduze kokubhujiswa okuphelele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izitsha zendawo yokugcina iwayini zashintsha: izimbiza zobumba kanye nemiphongolo yamapulangwe yabe isetshenziselwa amabhodlela okugcoba ngezigxobo zokhuni. Njengoba kunjalo, le ndlela entsha yayingabizi nje kuphela futhi inamandla, kodwa futhi yayilondoloze ukunambitheka newayini lamawayini ahlukahlukene.
Namuhla, iwayini alithathi isikhundla esinjalo phakathi kweziphuzo ezidakayo futhi kubhekwa njengesiphuzo "sezinsikazi". Nakuba abameleli abaningi bezocansi ezinamandla futhi ngeke banqabe ukuzitholela ngilazi yewayini elimnandi njenge-aperitif.
Iwayini laseFrance lithole ukuthandwa emhlabeni wonke. Izwe elimnandi, amawayini aseFrance awashiyi abaculi balesi siphuzo bengenandaba. Ukuncintisana kwabaqashi beli zwe lothando kudluliselwa kusukela esizukulwaneni kuya esizukulwaneni, futhi izindlela eziningi zokupheka zigcinwa ekusithekeni okuqinile kakhulu. Izithelo zomvini ezikhulile eFrance zibhekwa njengeziqu kakhulu futhi ezihlwabusayo. Zonke iwayini zaseFrance zihlukaniswa ngokuvumelana nendawo yazo: Bordeaux, Burgundy, Alsace, Loire, Beaujolais, Savoy, Provence, Champagne, eRhone nezinye izifundazwe - zikhiqize iwayini labo eliyingqayizivele.
Okuthandwa kakhulu, yilo iwayini lesifundazwe saseBordeaux. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi yiyona ndawo enkulu kunazo zonke yokutshalwa kwesivini, futhi ngoba lapha kukhona amawayini ahlonishwa kakhulu futhi aphakeme kakhulu akhiqizwa. Izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu kuwo wonke amawayini aseBordeaux zibomvu, futhi zonke zenziwa ezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi ahlukene: i-Merlot, iCabernet Sauvignon neCabernet Fran, njll. Iwayini elibomvu laseBordeaux linomusa othakazelisayo nesithelo sezithelo ezicebile ezivula kancane kancane nge-sip. Iwayini elimhlophe laseBordeaux, iningi lalo alibizi kakhulu, liqabula ngokuphelele futhi linikeze ukunambitheka kwemifino emhlophe yamagilebhisi amhlophe.
Endaweni yesibili emva kweBordeaux, ungafaka iwayini le-Valley of Rhone. Amawayini alubomvu, akhiqizwa lapha ikakhulukazi ezivela ezihlukahlukene zeSyrah, abe nokunambitheka okungajwayelekile futhi okunembile, phakathi kwazo kunezinhlobo eziningi ezinamandla zewayini. Muva nje, enye yezinkampani zokumaketha ikhethe iwayini elithi "Côte du Rhône", njengewayini elikhulu elibomvu laseFrance. Amawayini amhlophe nawo akhiqizwa kule ndawo, kodwa uma eqhathaniswa nokubomvu, isabelo sabo asinakwenzeka.
Kodwa iBourgundy idume ngokulinganayo kokubili iwayini elibomvu nelomhlophe laseFrance. Cishe zonke izinhlobo zewayini ezimhlophe zivutshelwa emiphongolweni futhi zibe ne-oak flavour ne-aroma. Uhla lwamanani wale vinini lukhulu kakhulu, kusukela ku-dollar ayi-10 futhi lufinyelela ezingamakhulu angamakhulu amaRandi ngebhodlela ngalinye. Iwayini elibomvu i-Burgundy lihluke kakhulu, phakathi kwabo ungathola futhi likhanyise ngezimbali ezinomthelela, futhi liqinile ngephunga lehlathi.
Njengengxenye yeBurgundy, isifundazwe saseBeaujolais siphumela iwayini kusukela kumagilebhisi akwaGamé. Izakhiwo ezihlukile ze-Gama ezihlukahlukene zivumela lezi vini ukuba zilula, zikhanyise, kodwa zine ukunambitheka okujulile nesinambithe esicebile. Amawayini aseBeaujolais ashibhile futhi ayingxenye yesigayela esiphakathi.
Amawayini athengiswa e-Alsace ngokuvamile anegama elifanayo nebanga lamagilebhisi avela kuwo. Eziningi zalawa mawayini anemnandi, ezenziwe ezinhlobonhlobo ezingavamile zamagilebhisi, futhi zilondoloze ukunambitheka okucebile okunezinhlanzi kanye nobuningi obuhle obudlalayo.
Eyaziwayo kakhulu iwayini le-Loire Valley, elenziwe ngamagilebhisi omuncu, phakathi kwabo: "Melon", "Muscadet", "Vouvray". Lezi vini zithengiswa ngentengo engafanelekile, ngoba inambitheka encane ethandekayo futhi iphunga eliyingqayizivele.
Isivini esidala kunazo zonke eFrance yiProvence, idume ngamavini ayo aphuzi. Eziningi zalezi vinini zilula, zithenda, zikhumbuza intombazane encane, i-Budget engavumelekile. Ukunambitheka okukhathekayo kwalesi siphuzo kungabonakala kuphela ngabachwepheshe beqiniso. Futhi lapha kukhiqiza iwayini elibomvu nelomhlophe.
Eningizimu yeFrance itholakala e-Languedoc-Roussillon, lapha kunezimvini ezinkulu ezikhiqizwa okuthiwa "emaphandleni" ewayini, ezahlukaniswa ngezindleko eziphansi. Kodwa, naphezu kokushibhile, la mawayini adlulisa umoya namasiko eFrance. Iningi lamawayini akhiqizwa lapha alomile.
I-Champagne edumile emhlabeni idume ngamawayini ayo atshabalalayo. Lezi vinini zinemibala eminingi futhi zihlala zihle kakhulu, kuzo njengokungathi yonke imibala yemibala nama-aromas iqoqiwe. Izwe elimnandi, elibucayi, elimnene, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukunambitheka okuqhubekayo - kuyinambitheka yeholide futhi kumnandi.
Naphezu kokuthi amawayini aseFrance asetshenziselwe ukubhekana nokuncintisana okwandayo kwamawayini aseBulgaria, e-Australia nase-Italy, lawa mawayini ahlala ejwayelekile emhlabeni wonke ekukhiqizeni isiphuzo sodumo. Ephazimulayo, ephunga elimnandi, ekhanyisa imibala engavamile ezigumbini zewayini nezibuko, iwayini laseFrance, izwe lewayini laseFrance, elivuselela imizwa eyimfihlo kakhulu ngaphakathi kwethu, akunakwenzeka ukuba likhohlwe ngokuphelele.