U-Kurt Vonnegut, biography

UKurt Vonnegut ungumlobi odumile waseMelika. I-biography kaKurt iyathandeka kakhulu futhi iyingqayizivele. Okuningi okuningi okuhlanganisa i-biography yeVonnegut, kubonakala ezindabeni zakhe ngandlela-thile. UKurt Vonnegut, owaziwa ngo-November 11, 1922, wazalwa edolobheni lase-Indianapolis.

Ngendlela, u-Kurt Vonnegut, owaziwa yilo mlando uhlotshaniswa nalo muzi, uvame ukubhekisela ezindabeni zakhe. Kulapho lapho uVonnegut ehlala khona futhi iningi lemicimbi yamanoveli akhe athuthuka. I-biography yomlobi yaqala ngaleyo minyaka lapho kunzima khona umhlaba futhi ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwaqala. U-Kurt wazalelwa emndenini ohlakaniphile futhi wayeyindodana yomdwebi. Kodwa, ngenxa yokuthi kwakukhona ukucindezeleka emhlabeni, umdala uVonnegut akakwazanga ukuziqhayisa ngemali emihle.

Umlando womlobi weVonnegut omncane waqala lapho eqala ukubhala izihloko. UKurt wahola ikholomu kwenye yamaphephandaba asendaweni, ezama yena njengomlobi. Kodwa, noma kunjalo, lapho kufika isikhathi sokukhetha isifundo sokufunda, uKurt akazange akhethe ukukhetha kwakhe noma ngo-journalism noma ku-philology. Waya ukuthola imfundo eMnyangweni wezoKhemikhali waseCornell University, eNew York State. Kulesi sikhungo semfundo, u-Kurt wachitha iminyaka emithathu: kusukela ngo-1940 kuya ku-1943. Umfana wayengakwazi ukuqeda imfundo yakhe, kodwa wanquma ukuyinqamula lapho ezwa ukuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu eParis. Ngemva kwalesi sigameko esibuhlungu, uKurt wanquma ukubhalisa e-US Army futhi waya ukuyokhonza. Walwa ngonyaka, futhi kusukela ngomhla weshumi nantathu kuya ku-14 kuFebruwari 1945, wathathwa isiboshwa ngumboshwa waseJalimane. Emva kwalokho, uVonnegut wayeboshelwe eDresden, ejele. Ngokushesha, leli jele lahlaselwa ngamabhomu ebutho lamaSoviet no-Kurt, kanye nezingane eziyisithupha ezaziyiziboshwa zempi, zasinda ngokuyisimangaliso, zifihla phansi. Le ndaba yonke yabe isungula isisekelo seveli yendawo ebizwa ngokuthi "Ukubulala Abahlanu, noma I-Crusade of the Children." Ukusuka ekuthunjweni uKurt wadedelwa ngo-May 1945 futhi ngokushesha wabuyela e-United States of America.

Ngemva kwempi, uKurt wanquma ukuqhubeka nezifundo zakhe. Kodwa, wayengafuni ukuba yisazi samakhemikhali, ngakho-ke, wakhetha i-"Anthropology" ekhethekile futhi wangena esikoleni esiphakeme iziqu eNyuvesi yaseChicago. Ngesikhathi uKurt efunda, akazange akhohlwe ngemisebenzi yakhe yokubhala. Ngokuqondile, wamsiza ekutholeni ukuphila, ukudla nokugqoka. Ngaleso sikhathi, uKurt wasebenza njengomlobi wezobugebengu ephephandabeni laseChicago. Ngo-1947, uVonnegut unquma ukuvikela umsebenzi wenkosi ngesihloko esithi "Ubuhlobo obuqinile phakathi kokuhle nokubi ezindabeni ezilula", kodwa, ngemuva kokuzivikela, lo mnyango ubheka ukuthi lo msebenzi ungumgangatho ompofu futhi awufanelanga ukunikeza i-master degree kumlobi. Kodwa, emashumini eminyaka embalwa, uVonnegut uzoqhubeka efakazela ukuthi ufanelekile ngokugcwele lesi sihloko. Ngulo mnyango ozomnika idijithi ye-novel ethi "A Cradle for a Cat", okuyinto ngo-1963 iyozamazama umhlaba wonke.

Kodwa, ngaphambi kwalesi sikhathi, kwakuseneminyaka eminingi neminyaka. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, uKurt oneminyaka engamashumi amabili nanhlanu waqala ukufuna umsebenzi futhi waqala ukwenza umsebenzi "kuGeneral." Esebenza lapho, uKutt ekugcineni wabona ukuthi ufuna futhi kufanele ahlanganyele emisebenzini yokubhala. Ngakho-ke, kakade ngo-1950, indaba yakhe yokuqala yanyatheliswa emagazini, othi "Bika ngomphumela weBarnhouse." Futhi ngonyaka olandelayo, umlobi we-novice wanquma ukuziyeka emsebenzini, lapho ayemane engathandeki futhi wathuthela eMassachusetts. Iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili eyalandela ibe yesikhathi sikaKurt sokuzifunela wona nezindlela zokuthola. Wayehlanganyela emisebenzini ehlukahlukene. Kwaphela isikhathi esithile efundisa esikoleni, wabe eseqala ukusebenza njengomthengisi wokuthengisa izimoto. Eminyakeni edlule wabhala kancane futhi ngo-1959 umhlaba wabona inkaba yakhe ethi "Sirens of Titan". Kwakungumsebenzi owawuyisinyathelo sokuqala sikaVonnegut udumo nokuphumelela. Emva kokushicilelwa kweveli, umlobi omncane ekugcineni waphawula futhi umsebenzi wakhe waqala ukukhula ngokushesha.

Ngemva kwalokho, wabhala okuningi. Amanoveli akhe amangala ngokungaqondakali kwakhe, ifilosofi ejulile kanye nemetaphorism. Yiqiniso, kudingeka sikhumbule ngokwehlukana mayelana neveli "I-Cradle for a cat". Kungenziwa kubangelwa uhlobo lwe-dystopia. Kodwa, kulo msebenzi akuyona nje kuphela izwe elihle, eliyiqiniso, elingenalo elihle. Futhi, le ncwadi yakha ifilosofi entsha, yazisa imiqondo emisha futhi yakhuluma ngenjongo yokuphila ngendlela entsha ngokuphelele. "Ukukhwela ikati" kuyindaba mayelana nokuhle nokubi, mayelana nokuhlangana kwabo. Kanti futhi ukuthi izinto zokwakha abantu zingalimaza, nakuba ekuqaleni zahlelwa njengezinto okufanele ziphathe kahle futhi zisisize. Kukhona izindaba eziningana kuleveli kanye nezinhlawulo ezimbalwa, kodwa zenziwe zibe munye, ngoba kufanele kube njalo. Kungani kufanele? Lokhu kuchaza ifilosofi nezimfundiso zaseBokonon - indoda ehlakaniphile, okuthi, emva kwakho konke, ichazela i-protagonist yonke incazelo yokuba khona nokuthi kwenzekani kubo. UPawulu uqinisile, "Ukukhwela ikati" - lokhu kuyiqiniso ngempela izincwadi zaseMelika, okukwenza ubheke izwe ngokuphambene kakhulu.

Yiqiniso, uVonnegut wayenamanoveli amaningi amahle. Phakathi kwabo ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa "Shaking Star", incwadi uVonnegut ephelile ngonyaka ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, futhi, futhi, "Breakfast Breakfast", noma "Farewell, Black Monday", "Small Not Missing", "Galapagos", "Focus-Puff". Kodwa, eqinisweni, wonke amasampula omsebenzi kaVonnegut afaneleka abantu ukuba bafunde futhi bahloniphe ikhono lomlobi lokukhulumisana nefilosofi, imibono emhlabeni kanye nokuphila, kanye nokukhuluma ngezenzakalo azibonele.

U-Kurt Vonnegut wayengumuntu oyinhlakanipho futhi waphila ukuphila okude nokuthakazelisayo. Wafa ngo-Ephreli 11, 2007, eneminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili nanhlanu. Ukuphila komlobi kwaphazanyiswa ngenxa yengozi. Waguqa wawela endleleni eya eceleni kwendlu yakhe. Ukuwa kwaholela ekulimazeni kobuchopho obuhlungu, emva kwalokho uKurt akakwazanga ukuphola. Umlobi wangcwatshwa nazo zonke izihlonipho, kanti ngo-2007 edolobheni lakubo kwathiwa unyaka kaVonnegut.