Ubuhlungu obwenzeka ngakwesobunxele ngaphansi kwezimbambo kungabangelwa izimbangela ezihlukahlukene ezihambisana nezifo / ukulimala kwamalungu omzimba nesisu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokuxilongwa ukuzimisela ukutholakala ngqo kwesifo sobuhlungu, lapho amacala angu-80% avumela umuntu ukuba acabange ukuba khona kwezempilo endaweni ethile. Ingxenye engakwesokunxele yesisu ihlanganisa izingxenye ezintathu: i-aliac, i-sub-ribbed ne-lateral. Ubuhlungu obonakala kulezi zindawo emithi yokwelashwa buvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ubuhlungu ngaphansi kombundu wesobunxele."
Yini engaphansi kombundu wesokunxele womuntu?
I-hypochondrium engakwesokunxele yilapho ekhona ngakwesobunxele besiteji sesisu ngaphansi kwezimbambo ezimbili ezingezansi. Nansi: amathumbu amancane, isitha, ingxenye yesisu, ama-pancreas, amathumbu amakhulu, i-diaphragm, izinso ezinezinyosi. Ubuhlungu buyinhlanganisela yezizathu zomzimba nezindlela ezenza ukuba igazi lihluleke endaweni ethile yomzimba. Okokuqala yi-disorder ye-trophic (izinqubo eziqinisekisa ukulondolozwa komsebenzi / isakhiwo se-cellulose), okwesibili ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ngenxa yokuvuvukala, okuholela ekuphambeni kwezinzwa zezinzwa, okwesithathu - umonakalo emisipha / izicubu ngenxa yesenzo sangaphandle, okwesine - ukuguqulwa kwamangqamuzana amancane ngenxa yethonya le-pathogenic ama-microorganisms.
Ubuhlungu ngaphansi kombundu wesobunxele - izici:
- ubuhlungu obukhulu. Ubuhlungu obunzima obunzima ohlangothini lwesobunxele ngaphansi kwezimbambo kuyisenzakalo socingo oluphuthumayo lwe-ambulensi. Kubonisa ukuthi i-perforation (ukuphuka) kwezingodo zamathumbu amancane, udonga lwesisu, i-renal pelvis noma i-spleen. Uma izinzwa zokulwa zenzeka ngokububula, lokhu kubonisa umonakalo owingozi ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi ezisongela ukuphila;
- ubuhlungu obuhlungu. Ukungasebenzi, ubuhlungu obulinganiselayo ngaphansi komngcele kubonisa inqubo yokuvuvukala kancane. Ukuhlanza okuhambisanayo kuyisibonakaliso esicacile sesilonda esiswini. Ukuhlukunyezwa kwamacala emacaleni angu-40% amacala avela isifo senhliziyo nesifo se-angina pectoris;
- ubuhlungu obukhulu. Ukuphulukiswa ubuhlungu obunzima nokugxilwa kwe-hypochondrium kwesobunxele kubonisa izifo ezingapheliyo emaphethelweni emathunjini: i-cholecystitis, i-gastritis, i-pancreatitis.
Yini engalimaza ngaphansi kombundu wesokunxele?
Ngakho-ke ubuhlungu ngaphansi kwezimbambo kuyisibonakaliso esingacacile, ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukucabangela konke ukubonakaliswa kwayo okungaqondakali kanye nenkambo yezokwelapha zesifo: ukuthuthukiswa, imvelo, amandla, isikhathi, izimo zokuthuthukisa / ukwehlisa, ukusabalalisa.
Ubuhlungu ngaphansi komhlubu wesobunxele - izifo zesisu:
- i-gastritis. Imiphumela evuthayo kwi-mucosa yesisu iholela ekuhluphekeni kokusebenza nokuvuvukala, okubangela ubuhlungu obuhlungu ehlangothini lwesobunxele ngaphansi kombambo ongaphambili, kuhambisane nokushaya kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza. Izimpawu zomtholampilo ze-gastritis: ukubamba, ukushisa kwe-veggastria, ukunambitheka okungajabulisi emlonyeni, ubunzima esifundeni se-epigastric, isifo sohudo / ukuqothulwa, ubuthakathaka obukhulu, ukujuluka, ukuthukuthela, ukwehlisa ukuzwela emaphethelweni (phezulu / phansi);
- isilonda esiswini. Ukubonakaliswa kwesilonda se-peptic kuxhomeke esikhathini sobude nobunzima. Ngesilonda sesisu, ngokungafani nesilonda se-duodenal, ubuhlungu ngaphansi kombambo bubonakala ngemuva kokudla, hhayi esithombeni esingenalutho. Kuhlanganiswe nokuhlanza ngemuva kokudla, ukulahlekelwa isisindo, ukukhishwa kwe-"acidic", ukushaya inhliziyo;
- ama-neoplasms. Isibonakaliso esivamile senqubo yesisu siyinkinga engunaphakade ku-hypochondrium engakwesokunxele, engahlotshaniswa nokudla. Esikhathini sokuqala, umdlavuza wesisu unginika izimpawu ezincane futhi ngizibonakalisa ngokuthi "izibonakaliso ezincane" - i-dyspepsia (umuzwa wokucindezela, ukukhwabanisa, ukushaya inhliziyo), ukuphikisana nemikhiqizo yenyama, ukulahlekelwa isisindo, ukulahlekelwa yidla, ukuphazamiseka okusheshayo. Esigabeni sokugcina izimpethu zangaphakathi kanye nokuhlanza "izindawo zokukhofi" zihlangene;
- i-perforation yesilonda esiswini. Kuyabonakala ngokubunjwa komgodi odongeni lwesisu, okubangela ubuhlungu obunzima "obunzima" ngaphansi kombambo, ubuthakathaka obunamandla, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.
- i-gastritis. Imiphumela evuthayo kwi-mucosa yesisu iholela ekuhluphekeni kokusebenza nokuvuvukala, okubangela ubuhlungu obuhlungu ehlangothini lwesobunxele ngaphansi kombambo ongaphambili, kuhambisane nokushaya kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza. Izimpawu zomtholampilo ze-gastritis: ukubamba, ukushisa kwe-veggastria, ukunambitheka okungajabulisi emlonyeni, ubunzima esifundeni se-epigastric, isifo sohudo / ukuqothulwa, ubuthakathaka obukhulu, ukujuluka, ukuthukuthela, ukwehlisa ukuzwela emaphethelweni (phezulu / phansi);
Ubuhlungu ngaphansi kombuthano wesobunxele - i-pathology ye-spleen:
- Ukwandiswa kwe-spleen (splenomegaly). Ubuhlungu ohlangothini luvela ekukhuleni kwipeni kanye nokweqa kwe-capsule yayo - lesi sibonakaliso sivame ukugxilwa ku-mononucleosis esithathelwanayo. Ngaphezu kokuzwa ubuhlungu ngaphansi kombambo, lesi sifo sibonakala ubuthakathaka jikelele, ukushisa kwezinga lokushisa, ikhanda lokukhwabanisa, isizungu, ukujuluka ngokweqile, ubuhlungu obuhlangene nobunzima, i-lymph node ukuvuvukala, ukukhuliswa kwesibindi, ukutheleleka kwebindivirus endaweni engaphansi / phezulu;
- ukuphuka kwesipere. Isizathu esiyinhloko salesi simo ngumphumela wenyama emphethweni, okuholela ebuhlungu obubukhali ohlangothini no-cyanosis wesikhumba esizungeze inkaba, okubangelwa ukuqoqwa kwegazi kulesi sigaba;
Ubuhlungu ngaphansi kombuthano wesobunxele - izinkinga ezine-diaphragm
Uma ubuhlungu ngaphansi kombambo, imbangela ingase ihlotshaniswe nokwakheka kwe-hernia edifragmatic. I-diaphragm, ekhonza njengencingo ephakathi kwezintambo ze-thoracic kanye nesisu, inomgodi wokuhamba kwesigcawu. Uma izilinganiso zokulawulwa kwezicubu zomzimba ezivulekayo zibuthaka, zanda, okwenza kube khona ukuphuma kwegastric engenhla ngaphezu kwe-peritoneum ukungena emgodini we-thoracic. I-hernia yokuxuba igxile ekuhluphekeni okuqhubekayo ngakwesobunxele, ukuqubuka kwesisu, isicashu. Lapho isisu sishaywe, kukhona isifo esibuhlungu nesicindezelekile esibuhlungu ngaphansi kombundu wesobunxele.
I-heart pathologies:
- ischemic isifo senhliziyo. Isisekelo ukwehluleka kwegazi ukuhlinzekwa kwesisu senhliziyo ngenxa yesifo se-artery coronary. I-Iskemia ihambisana nesicanucanu, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo elinyukayo, ukuphefumula okuncane, ubunzima esifubeni, ubuhlungu obuhlungu ngaphansi kombambo;
- i-cardiomyopathy. Iqembu lezifo zenhliziyo, lapho isakhiwo sishintsha khona futhi umsebenzi wayo uphazamiseka. I-pathology ayihlotshaniswa ne-hypertension ye-arterial, ama-valve apparatus, imikhumbi. Ukucindezeleka ngaphansi kombambo ngokuvamile kubonakala ngokumelene nesizinda somsebenzi womzimba. Ihlanganiswe nokukhathala okusheshayo, ubuthakathaka, ukwanda kwenhliziyo.
Izifo ze-Rheumatic of the spine:
- ukulimala kwezicubu ezixhumene namalungu e-muscular dystrophy, ngenxa yokuncipha kwemisipha yomshini wesisu;
- i-costochondritis. Ukuvuvukala kwezidumbu ezixhuma i-sternum ngezimbambo, kubangela ubuhlungu obunzima noma abukhali ohlangothini ngaphansi kombambo, okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuphefumula okukhulu. Okubalulekile: i-chondrites yezintambo ingadideka kalula ngokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngenxa yezimpawu ezifanayo. Umehluko wukuthi ubuhlungu obuvela ku-chondritis buyanda nge-palpation, kusukela ekuhlaselweni kwenhliziyo - ayanda;
- i-pinned nerve. I-Hernia / deformation ye-disc intervertebral, i-arthritis, i-osteoporosis, i-spondylitis ingabangela imbulunga / i-nerve entrapment emgodleni we-thoracic, ebonakaliswa ngokushisa, ubuhlungu ohlangothini, ukucubungula noma ukuphazamiseka;
- ukuphuka kwezimbambo / izimbambo ngakwesokunxele. Ubuhlungu buyaqhubeka nokuhamba komzimba ophezulu nokuphefumula okujulile, "amaqabunga" ngemuva kokuthatha imithi yokwelashwa;
- i-sarcoma emgqeni. Ukwelashwa okunzima ngokweqile komndeni wakwa-Ewing sarcoma kuyinto eyakhiwe kabi eyenza amathambo nezicubu ezizungezile. Lolu hlobo lwesisu luhlukaniswa nemitholampilo enonya kakhulu, ukusabalala okusheshayo okukhulu kwe-metastases, iphesenti eliphezulu lokuphindaphindiwe. Ingozi yesifo iqhutshwa kakhulu ngokuthi izimbambo zikhona eduze kwezitho ezibalulekile - isiqu seSikhungo Senhliziyo Esikhulu, amaphaphu nenhliziyo.
Ukulimala
Ubuhlungu obukhulu ohlangothini olungaphansi kombambo kungabangela izizathu ezizwakalayo. Ukulimala kwe-cartilaginous, bony, izicubu ezithambile zenzeka phakathi kwamathonya angaphandle angaphandle (impikiswano, iwela). Ukulimala kungaba nokuqina okuhlukahluka - kusukela emincintiswaneni encane kuze kube yimifantu / imifantu kulezimbambo, okungaholela ekuqhekekeni kwezitho zangaphakathi.
I-Neuralgia
I-Intercostal neuralgia iyenzeka lapho ama-receptors e-intercostal ehlushwa / ecasulwa. Ubuhlungu bubonakala ngezibonakaliso ezihlukahlukene: i-paroxysmal, epholile, ehlabayo, elula, eshisayo. Njengoba kuhambisana nokujuluka okukhulu, ukukhishwa kwesikhumba, ukuguqulwa kwemisipha, kuqiniswe ngokwemvelo kokunyakaza okungazelelwe, ukukhwehlela, ukukhipha, ukugxila endaweni yesigcawu nangaphansi kwesiteji.
Izifo zesikhalazo:
- pleurisy (ngakwesokunxele). Inqubo yokuvuvukala, etholakala endaweni ye-membrane yamapulmoni, ne-fibrin (i-high molecular weight weight protein) ebusweni bayo esimweni esomile, ngokuqoqwa kohlobo oluthile emzimbeni we-pleural - ngendlela efudumele. Izinzwa zobuhlungu ngaphansi kombambo zihlotshaniswa nokukhwehlela, ukuphefumula, ukuhamba ngendlela ehlukile. Izimpawu ezihambisanayo: ubunzima engxenyeni engakwesokunxele ye-sternum, ukukhwehlela owomile, ukuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kwemivimbo yomlomo wesibeletho, ukugqama kwamalungu / ubuso, ukujuluka, ukuphefumula, ukuphefumula okungapheli;
- i-pneumonia (kwesokunxele). Ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ku-lobe engezansi ye-lung yangakwesokunxele kubangela ukubonakala okuncane (ama-60-65% wamacala) noma ubuhlungu obukhulu "(stingching") (35-40%) ubuhlungu ku-hypochondrium. I-pneumonia "iqala" ukukhwehlela owomile, i-malaise jikelele, ukujula emqaleni, ubuthakathaka. Umtholampilo owandisiwe wesifo kufaka phakathi umkhuhlane kanye nokukhwehlela nge-sputum eningi ehlanzekile.
Izifo zama-pancreas:
- i-pancreatitis. Ukubonakaliswa okujwayelekile kokuphazamiseka okunamandla ukuhlukumeza okukhulu ngakwesokunxele ngakwesokudla nangendawo ye-epigastric. Nge-pancreatitis, kunezinzwa ezizwakalayo ezizwakalayo njalo futhi ezicacile, ezihambisana nokuhlanza "umthombo" ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-bile okungenayo impumuzo. Ukwandiswa nokulimala ekhanda lensimba kubangelwa i-jaundice engumshini, kuhlanganiswe nokucaciswa kwesitokisi, umbala omnyama we-urine, ukuphuziza isikhumba. Inqubo engapheli ibonakala ngokuhlunguphaza okubuhlungu ngaphansi kwezimbambo, ukushisa okungavamile, ukucwenga, ukufutheka emlonyeni;
- umdlavuza we-pancreatic. Akunikezi ezinye izimpawu zesifo, ngaphandle kobuhlungu obunzima nangesikhathi eside ngaphansi kombambo naphakathi kwesisu, ngakho-ke ukungahleleki kwesifo esibuhlungu kutholakala kuphela ezinyathelweni zokugcina.
Kubuhlungu ngaphansi kombambo phansi
Ubuhlungu ohlangothini olungezansi luyisigqila njalo futhi sokuqala sokuvimbela emathunjini. Izinzwa ezibuhlungu ziphakama ngokuzumayo, "endaweni elinganayo" - azilandelwa yiziphi izinkampani zangaphambili futhi azixhomeki kokudla ukudla. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-cramping kubuyele emuva njalo emaminithini angu-15-20, ukuqhubeka kwalesi sifo kuholela ekusenikeni kobuhlungu obukhulu, okuyisiginali esimeme sokubikezela, ngoba sibonisa ukuyeka ukusebenza komzimba emathunjini.
Kubuhlungu ngaphansi kombalo ngemuva
Izinzwa ezibuhlungu ezivela ngemuva kombundu, zikhombisa ukuthi kukhona izinkinga zezinso zezinso:
- urolithiasis. Kubonakala ngokubunjwa kwezitho ezingxenyeni zesistimu ye-urinary. Lesi sifo sigcwele, ubuhlungu obunzima obubuhlungu ohlangothini, ukubuyisela emuva, okuphindwe kaningi emva kokusebenza ngokomzimba, ukuhamba okude, ukuhamba ngokuhamba. Ukuvinjelwa kwesigwegwe ngetshe elibalekile kubonakala yizinhlungu ze-spasmodic esifundeni se-lumbar, ukuhlanza, igazi emcimbini, kanye nokubiza isicanucanu. Isifo sobuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu ohlangothini olungaphambili nangemuva sibonisa inqubekela phambili ye-calculus eceleni kwe-ureter;
- i-pyelonephritis. Ukuvuvukala kwezinso, ukukhula ngokumelene nesimo sesifo sobhaktheriya. Izinzwa zokuzwa ubuhlungu, zingase zibe namandla noma zibe mnene, zihambisane nokuqhuma kokudakwa, ukwanda kwamazinga okushisa kuya ku-40 degrees, ukuhlanza, isicanucanu. I-pyelonephritis engakwesobunxele iphazanyiswa ubuhlungu obuhlungu, ukuvuthwa okubuhlungu, ukubola nokubuthakathaka obukhulu.
Ubuhlungu obungakwesobunxele be-hypochondrium bungabonakala ngemuva nangokwe-infarction ye-myocardial, lapho "ubuhlungu" be-syndrome obubuhlungu buvame ukukhanya, kukhanyela ngakwesokunxele, entanyeni, ngaphansi kwe-scapula, ohlangothini lwesobunxele. Ezinye izimpawu: pre-stupor, isiyezi, ukuphefumula, isicashu.
Ubuhlungu ngaphansi kwembambo, engahlanganiswa nezifo
Ukukhathazeka okuhlangothini kungabonakala ngezikhathi ezithile ngesikhathi sokusebenza komzimba okuqinile - lokhu kwenzeka lapho umzimba ungakulungeli imithwalo engaphezu kwemithwalo eyengeziwe, okusheshayo ukwandisa izinga lokujikeleza kwegazi: izitsha, kufaka phakathi umvuthwandaba ongenalutho, ukwandisa ububanzi, okwenza ubuhlungu bokugaya ngakwesokudla, unikeze ku-hypochondrium kwesokunxele. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuzwela okubuhlungu kuvela ekuthambekeni okujulile kwe-trunk / ukunyakaza - kubangelwa ukuxhumana kombundu wesobunxele namalungu angaphakathi.
Ukuxilongwa nokuphathwa
Ubuhlungu obungaphansi kwesibambo sokungakwesokunxele kuyisibonakaliso esiyingozi, ngakho-ke noma yiziphi izinyathelo zokwelapha azivumelekile, ngoba zingabangela izinkinga futhi zikhulise isithombe somtholampilo wesifo. I-Levopodbedrennaya lokalizatsiya ubuhlungu be-syndrome idinga ukubonisana okudingekile nabachwepheshe abakhethekile - isazi sezinzwa zegazi, isifo sezinambuzane, isazi sezokwelapha esithathelwanayo, isifo se-gastroenterologist, udokotela ohlinzayo. Iningi leziguli ezinezinhlungu ngaphansi kwezimbambo zidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo, kaningi ngezokwelapha ezilandelayo. Uma ukuzwakala ubuhlungu kukhulunywa, ungadluli phakathi kwemizuzu engu-25-30 - yilesi isizathu sokwelapha ngokushesha esibhedlela.