Amavithamini ahlukaniswe ngamakhemikhali ahlanganiswe ngamanzi, ayenamathele enamafutha kanye namavithamini. Amavithamini angenawo amafutha awanakunyiswa emcinini, ngakho akwazi ukuqoqa emzimbeni futhi kuphela imali encane edingekayo ukuyigcwalisa. Amakhemikhali ane-vitamin ahlanganisa ama-bioflavonoids, i-inositol, i-choline, i-lipoic, i-puzzic, i-orotic acids nezinye izinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo.
Amavithamini anamafutha ahlanzekile
Ingozi yokudlula ngokweqile ivela kuphela ngokusebenzisa amavithamini amaningi anamafutha, ngokwesibonelo, kwezinye izimo, ngenxa yokwanda kwe-vitamin D, ukuhlanza, ukuqotshwa nokuphela kokukhula kwengane kungenzeka. Ngakho-ke, ngokufingqiwe ngamavithamini amaningi anamafutha.
I-Vitamin A
I-Vitamin A, noma i-retinol, isebenza emzimbeni kuphela uma ihlanganisa ne-lipid. Umzimba uwamukela ngokuthatha amafutha wezinhlanzi, isibindi, amafutha, igargarini, ukhilimu omuncu, ubisi kanye ne-egg yolk. Noma kunjalo, ngokuvamile ukudla kuqukethe i-provitamin A, noma i-carotene (isibonelo, ezinqoleni, isipinashi, iklabishi kanye notamatisi). I-Provitamin A iguqulwa ibe yi-vitamin A kuphela emzimbeni womuntu. I-Vitamin A inikeza ukukhula okujwayelekile komzimba, kubalulekile emisebenzini yesikhumba kanye nezibungu ezinamakha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kushukumisa ukwakheka kwe-pigment ebonakalayo ye-retina.
Lapho umzimba ungenayo i-vitamin A, umbono ubonakala (ikakhulukazi ubusuku nokukhanya ebusuku) okuthiwa ubumpumputhe busuku buqala). Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilonda ezihlukahlukene zesikhumba, i-alopecia, ukwehlisa amandla omzimba kungasetshenziswa. Uma ingane inesifo se-vitamin A, ukukhula kwamathambo kungase kuphelelwe amandla. Ngenxa yokuthi i-vitamin A ibucayi kakhulu emiphumeleni yokukhanya nomoya, imikhiqizo eyikhulu yezinto zokudla kufanele igcinwe igxilwe endaweni emnyama. Lapho upheka, kunconywa ukuthi ungeze amafutha amancane.
Iningi le-provitamin A, elitholakala emzimbeni womuntu liphenduka i-vitamin A, itholakala karoti, utamatisi nemifino eluhlaza.
I-Vitamin D
Le vithamini, ososayensi ababiza ngokuthi i-calciferols, futhi umzimba womuntu awukwazi ukuphuma kuphela emiceleni (umthombo ocebile kakhulu kubo yizinhlanzi, ikakhulukazi amafutha we-tuna, i-cod, i-yolk yolk). Ngaphansi kwethonya lokukhanya kwelanga, i-calciferol ingakha isikhumba kusuka e-ergostertia. Ngakho-ke, ezimweni zasehlobo ze-hypovitaminosis D azivamile. I-Vitamin D ibaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni amathambo. Izibonakaliso eziyinhloko ezinganele ngokwanele kavithamini D ziyizinhlayiya kanye nokunciphisa amathambo. Noma kunjalo, ama-rickets awahlanganiswa ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokuntuleka kwevithamini D ekudleni. Ngokuvamile isisekelo sezinhlobo zayo ezimbi kakhulu ukungakwazi ukuzalana kwama-enzyme (okuphathelene nokuvuthwa kwe-vitamin D kwehla). Ukudlula ngokweqile kwe-vitamin D kungaholela ekuhlanzeni noma ekuqotheni. Le vithamini inamandla kakhulu, ngakho ayiphuli lapho ishisa.
I-Vitamin E
I-Vitamin E, noma i-tocopherol, yayibizwa ngokuthi i-vitamin ye-fertility, ngoba phakathi nokuhlolwa kwamagundane, ososayensi bamise ukuthi lapho ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin E kunganele, amagundane ayenamandla. Kodwa-ke, umphumela ofanayo wale vivithamini kumuntu awukwazanga ukufakazelwa. Iningi lamavithamini E litholakala emifino nasebhotela, igargarini, ama-oat flakes, amaqanda, isibindi, ubisi nemifino esisha. Ngezinga elithile, i-vitamin E itholakala cishe kuwo wonke ukudla. I-Vitamin E ilawula umzimba we-fat metabolism, ivikela ama-acids amaningi e-polyunsaturated abalulekile, kanye nama-cell membrane kusukela ekubhujisweni. Uma i-vitamin A ithathwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, umphumela walezi zinsuku uthuthukiswa. Ngenxa yokuthi i-vitamin E iyatholakala kukho konke ukudla, ukungakwazi kahle kwayo akuvamile.
Njengoba kunesisindo esinganele samavithamini E, ukuphazamiseka, ukuphazanyiswa kwegazi kanye nokukhula kuyabonakala, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhanya kwe-lipids okuzuzisayo kuyashesha emzimbeni womuntu. I-vitamin ayinamathele ekushiseni okuphezulu, kodwa phansi kuthinteka emini kanye nokushisa okuphansi.
I-Vitamin K
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-vitamin K ne-K2. Le vithamini ikhiqizwa amabhaktheriya emathumbu, itholakala esibindi, inhlanzi, ubisi, isipinashi kanye neklabishi. I-Vitamin K iyisici esibaluleke kakhulu ekuqotheni igazi. Ukuntuleka kwayo, okubangelwa ukuphuma kwegazi ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene, kuvame kakhulu kubantwana nasebekhulile, ngakho-ke kuvame ukushiwo ngokungeziwe. Ukushisa okuphezulu kanye ne-oksijini akulimazi lokhu ku-vithamini, kodwa akuzinzile ukukhanya kwelanga, ngakho imikhiqizo yokudla kufanele igcinwe endaweni emnyama.
ISAZISO
Ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle futhi asikho isidingo sokuthatha imithi equkethe i-vitamin E. Ngokudla, umzimba uthola ngokwanele, futhi ukudlula ngokweqile kungabangela isizungu, ikhanda, ubuhlungu besisu, ukukhathala, ukukhathala.