Izinkinga zangempela zingavamile kakhulu. Isibonelo, ngo-2009, ukulinganiselwa kwezigidi eziyisithupha ze-DTP kwaba nezinkinga ezingu-12, ikakhulukazi ukuxubana nomphumela omuhle. Izinkinga emva kokugoma zibangelwa ukuthi ukugoma akuyona ingane ehlolisisiwe ngaphambi kokugonywa. Ngaphansi kokuvamile lokhu kuyisenzo somuntu ngamunye emithonjeni yomuthi wokugoma, kodwa lokhu kwenzeka uma uthatha noma yikuphi, ngisho nemithi eminingi ye-banal. Ukugonywa kuyiqiniso futhi imiphumela yemigomo nayo yonke into eqhubekayo.
Kuyadingeka:
- Gcina amashejuli wokugoma.
- Ungavumeli izingane ezigulayo ukuba zigonywe.
- Ukukhetha ama-vaccination schemes for izingane ezinezifo ezingapheli, kucabangela isimo sabo sempilo.
- Uma kwenzeka ingane inesifo esingelapheki, imishanguzo kufanele yenziwe kuphela ngesikhathi sokuxolelwa.
- Ungagonyanga uma kukhona ukuphikisana nalo. Kodwa-ke, akufanele ukudibanisa ukuphikisana kwangempela namanga, njenge-atopic dermatitis, i-dysbacteriosis yamathumbu, i-anemia, itething. Kuzo zonke lezi zibonakaliso, ungakwazi ukugoma ingane. Ukuhambisana nale migomo engaqinisekisiwe kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha kokuvimbela umgomo. Umlando uyazi izibonelo eziningi lapho lezi zifo zibuya ngokushesha uma ukugoma kungadingekile. Khumbula, isibonelo, ukugqashuka kwe-diphtheria ema-90s,
Ungazivikela kanjani emiphumeleni?
Ngaphambi kokugonywa kokuqala kwe-DTP, kudingeke ukuba kuvivinywe ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nomchamo, ukuhlolwa nge-neurologist kanye nezingane zakudala. Izinsuku ezingu-3-4 ngaphambili futhi okufanayo emva kokugoma, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukuxhumana kwengane nabantu abangabazi ukuze bamvikele ekutheleleni. Ungethuli ukudla okusha ekudleni futhi uphephe ingane yakho. Kufanele ugcine umbuso wosuku. I-DTP iyigciwane eliyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke. Ngisho nezingane ezinempilo ziyaphendula ngayo ngomkhuhlane: kancane kancane kukhona enye impendulo - ukulila isikhathi eside. Abazali kufanele bazi lokhu futhi bahlale begcina izixazululo zokulwa (antigestic) (i-analgesic): i-panadol yezingane, i-Efferalgan, i-Nurofen. Kukhona okunye okuya ku-DTP - okubizwa okuthiwa i-acellular DTP. Aziqukethe i-pertussis, eqinisa kakhulu ukubekezela komgomo wokugoma - cishe akukho ukushisa nokukhala. Imishanguzo enjalo ingagonywa ngisho ne-pathology ye-neurological,
Imishanguzo emisha - ngani, kusuka kuphi?
• Umgomo wokutheleleka kwe-pneumococcal. I-pneumococcus ibangela izinhlobo ezimbi kakhulu ze-meningitis, i-pneumonia, kanye ne-sepsis, otitis nes sinitis, okuvame ukuholela ekukhubazekeni ngisho nokufa. Amakhalenda aseMoscow naseSverdlovsk ahlanganisa ukugoma kwe-pneumococcal izingane ezineminyaka engaphezu kwemibili. Kodwa lokhu kugonywa kubaluleke kakhulu ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala, njengenhliziyo yokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi isifo se-pneumococcal, esinye sezimbangela ezibangela ukufa phakathi komncinyane. Kukhona umgomo wokugoma i-pneumococcal kwabantwana abaneminyaka emibili ubudala, Lo mgomo ubekezeleleke kahle futhi cishe awubanga ukuphendula okwehla.
• I-Haemophilus influenzae yi-agent ye-causative yengxenye yawo yonke i-puringent meningitis, i-epiglottitis (ukuvuvukala kwe-epiglottis, ukusongela impilo) kanye ne-pneumonia. Ukugonywa kuboniswa kubantwana abaneminyaka eyizinyanga ezintathu.
• Inkukhu yezinkukhu. Njalo ngonyaka eRussia, izinkukhu zivela ezinganeni eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-500 kuya kwezingu-800. Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokutheleleka zingaholela ekutheni i-encephalitis ngisho nokufa, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasha kanye nabantu abadala. Umuthi wokugoma uhlanganisiwe ekhalendeni laseMoscow. Imiphumela emibi ayivamile, ngokuvamile umuthi wokugoma ubekezelela kahle.
• Ukutheleleka kwe-Rotavirus. Kubangela ukuhlanza okungenakudliwa, isifo sohudo kanye nokuphelelwa amanzi ngokweqile ezinganeni ezincane. Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokubhedlela. ERussia, ngeshwa, umgomo awubhaliswanga.
Kwenzekani uma wenqaba ukugonywa?
Izigungu zakhiwe ukulwa nezifo ezibulalayo. Unganikeza ubufakazi obuningi bokusebenza kwabo okuphezulu. Isibonelo, ngenxa yokugoma ukuthi izwe lethu lalingenalo i-poliomyelitis iminyaka eminingi. Futhi le poliomyelitis ehlobo evele emadolobheni amaningana aseRussia - yayilethwa izingane ezingenagciwane ezivela e-Central Asia. Ngenhlanhla, iningi lezingane zethu kanye nabantu abadala banomkhuhlane wokuzivikela emva kwalesi sifo esibi. Esinye isibonelo: kwakuyimigomo eyasiza ekunciphiseni izibalo ze-rubella ngokucacile. Lokhu ngokushesha kwaba nethonya elihle empilweni yabantwana abazalwa, ngoba i-rubella ibangela izinkinga ze-fetus, ukukhulelwa kabi nokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Izifo, ezigonywe ngazo, zingatholakala ngesimo esisebenzayo. Lokhu akulona iqiniso, ngoba imishanguzo ayiqukethe ama-viral aphilayo noma amaseli e-bacterium; kodwa kuphela izingxenye zazo zamaprotheni (noma ezinye), ezidingekayo ekuthuthukiseni ukuzivikela. Ungafaki izingane nge-allergies noma nge-immunity ebuthakathaka. Izingane ezinjalo zingagonywa futhi ziyadingeka, njengoba zivame ukuthatha izifo futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, zibahlupha kakhulu kunontanga enempilo. Amagciwane aqukethe izinto ezinobuthi - i-mercury, i-formalin nezinye. Imithi yokugoma yemithi yanamuhla iphephile futhi ayilona i-carcinogenic. Ekudleni thina kanye nezingane zethu sidla nsuku zonke, izidakamizwa nezinye izinto ezingase zibe yingozi kakhulu. Futhi sidla kaningi ngaphezu kokugoma. Amagciwane aholela emiphumeleni enzima. Lokhu akukwenzeki uma imithetho yokugoma ibonakala. Uma uvikela ingane ekugonyeni eminyakeni emihlanu yokuqala yokuphila, ukuzivikela kwakhe kuzomenza uqobo futhi ingane izoba nempilo. Indlela engalungile, ngoba kulokhu, impilo nempilo yengane yingozi nsuku zonke nsuku zonke. Ingane engenamuntu ingatheleleka ngesifo esibulalayo. Ezinye izidakamizwa ezingezansi ngaphakathi kwe-polyclinic kukhona enye inkolelo esakazwa ngabaphikisi bokugoma. Ezweni lakithi, ukuthuthwa kanye nokugcinwa kwemigomo yinto yokubheka ngokukhethekile. Ukwephulwa kwemibandela yokubamba umgomo kugcwele imiphumela ebuhlungu kakhulu kwisisebenzi sezokwelapha. Ikhululekile, njengomthetho, inikeze izidakamizwa zasemakhaya noma ezibhaliswe isikhathi eside. Kunezifaniso zesimanje eziphephile zokugoma, ezingakhokhwa. Imishanguzo enjalo inezinzuzo eziningi: i-acellular pertussis nemithi ehlanganisiwe inganciphisa izigameko.