Ukuhlonza nokukhethwa kwama-contact lens

Sekude kakade esikhathini esidlule yisikhathi lapho ukulungiswa kombono wocwaningo kwakuyisindlela esisha ngokuphelele ku-ophthalmology futhi, njengento yonke entsha, kukhishwe izahlulelo ze-polar kakhulu - kusukela ekuhlwithweni kuya ekulaleni ngokwemvelo. Ukuzivocavoca kubonise ukuthi ama-lenti okuxhumana, kanye nama-optic eyeglass, aphelele ngokugcwele ekuphileni, futhi eziningana zezikhundla abuye aphumelele nezibuko zendabuko. Ngakho, ukuxilongwa nokukhethwa kwama-lens othintana nabo abathintekayo kuyisihloko sengxoxo namuhla.

Amalensi akhethiwe kahle akhiqiza isithombe esiseqophelweni esiphezulu futhi esingcono kwi-retina yeso, okufaka isandla ekwandiseni nasekukhuliseni insimu yokubukwa, kubuyisela umbono we-binocular, ukunciphisa umonakalo wokukhathala okubukwayo nokwandisa ukusebenza okubonakalayo.

Namuhla imakethe inikeza izinhlobo eziningana zama-lens oxhumana nabo, okuhlukile kwekhwalithi nokuphila komsebenzi. Ngakho ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu komuntu ngamunye kungaba nzima. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, i-ophthalmologists iqokelele okwanele iziguli ezinjalo futhi inikeza izincomo eziningana ekuxilongweni nasekukhethweni kwama-lens okuthintana nabo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo okufanele.

Okokuqala, ama-lens athambekele ngokuqinile agxilisa i-epithelium ye-corneal, ezwela kakhulu ngokuntuleka kwe-oxygen. Indawo yomlenze (indawo yokufinyelela emithanjeni yegazi ku-cornea, i-groove efanayo emnyama ehlukanisa i-cornea kusukela esikhaleni) ngumthombo wama-stem cells, okuqinisekisa ukuvuselelwa okuqhubekayo kwezicubu ze-corneal. Uma ama-lens oxhumana nawo ephazamisa i-cornea ukuze athole oksijini okwanele, kusiza ukuphazamisa umzimba wayo kanye nobuqotho, ukunciphisa ubukhulu be-epithelium nezinye izinkinga. Ukulamba kwe-oksijini ye-cornea ayivumeli ukuba imelane nama-bacteria futhi yandisa ingozi yokutheleleka.

I-polymer yezinto ezinamathelisi othintana nabo abathintekayo - abicah-hydrogel - inomqondo ophezulu wokuphefumula okwenziwe nge-oksijeni ngamakhemikhali e-hydrophilic. Ama-lensi anjalo angcono kunabanye ukugcina impilo ye-eye.

Ngokuvamile, namuhla kunezinhlobo zamalensi ezilandelayo:

• kusuka ku-hydrogel enezinto ezihlukene zamanzi (kusuka ku-50 kuya kuma-95%);

• kusuka ku-polymethylacrylic (PMMA);

• kusuka ku-copolymers of abicah.

Akukhona kuphela ukulungiswa

Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ama-lens atholakalayo athambile angathatha indawo yezibuko kuphela nge-myopia (myopia). Eqinisweni, ububanzi bezinkomba zokulungisa ukubonwa kombono kukhulu kakhulu:

• i-anisometropia ngaphezu kwe-2 dpt;

• izinga eliphezulu le-myopia ne-hypermetropia;

• aphakia;

• i-astigmatism (okungalungile nephezulu);

• i-keratoconus.

Njengamanje, amalensi oxhumana nawo asetshenziselwa ukulungiswa kombono, kodwa futhi ngezinhloso zokwelapha - njengesivikelo sokuzivikela kanye ne-bandage yezifo ezinokuvuthayo, izifo ezidabukisayo, ezesifo esiphuthumayo, esikhathini esilandelayo. Ama-lensi angasetshenziswa futhi ngezinhloso zezimonyo, ngokwesibonelo, ngeziphambeko ze-iris, ne-opacity ye-cornea.

Ukungafani

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili kuphela zazo:

• Izifo ezivuvukalayo ze-cornea ne-conjunctiva;

• Ukungaboni ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngeshwa, okwamanje, isibalo sabantu, ngenxa yezizathu, abangeke basebenzise i-lenses elithambile, liyanda.

Kunezici ezithinta ukubekezelelana kwama-contact lens futhi zandisa ingozi yezinkinga. Lezi yizi:

- izifo ezivamile zomzimba (isifo sikashukela, i-avitaminosis);

- Izinga eliphansi lokuhlanzeka, izimo ezingalungile zokuphila nokukhiqiza (isimo se-air conditioning, ukungcola komoya, izilonda), isimo sezulu;

- uhlobo lwe-lens yokuxhumana (ukukhanya okuphansi kwegesi kwe-lens, ukukhetha okungalungile, ikhwalithi ephansi noma ukulimala kwilensi);

- isikhathi sokugqoka kanye nesikhathi sokwenziwa kwamalensi;

- kusho ukunakekelwa kwama-lens (okuyingozi futhi okwehliswayo kwezingxenye zezixazululo, ukwephula izincomo zokunakekelwa kwamalensi).

Njengoba ubona, kwezinye izici umuntu angakwazi ukuthonya, kodwa eziningi zazo zilawulwa ngokuphelele.

Izindlela ezihlukene zokugqoka

Ayikho imodi eyodwa yezo zonke izinhlobo zamalensi ongazisebenzisa. Kuhlale kuboniswa emiyalweni yokusetshenziswa, futhi kufanele ilandelwe ngokucophelela. Kumodi yendabuko, kufanele ususe njalo i-lens ebusuku. Kunconywa ukuhlanza nsuku zonke ngokusho kwemiyalelo kanye nokuhlanza enzymatic kanye ngesonto.

Ngomumo ohleliwe, umbhangqwana owodwa ungozinyanga ezingu-3, ​​ukuhlanza ngokwemiyalo. Naphezu kokuthi le modi ivumela izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-lens isikhathi sokuqhubeka kwabo sigqoke amahora angu-48 noma ngaphezulu, isipiliyoni sami sezokwelapha sibonisa ukuthi kungcono ukuwaphumula ebusuku. Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi encane kakhulu, kodwa kukhona ingozi encane yezinkinga.

Ngokushintshwa okuhleliwe okujwayelekile, i-lensi yamabili isetshenziselwa kusuka emavikini amabili kuya kwinyanga eyodwa. Shoot kusihlwa, kodwa ungashiya izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngenyanga ubusuku. Lo mbuso udume ngokukhethekile kwamanye amazwe. Ungumuntu owehlisa kakhulu amehlo. Okuthandayo ekuxilongweni nasekukhethweni kwama-lens okuthintana nawo kufanele unikezwe ukuze uxhumane nama-lens ezinkathi zokuphindaphinda ezimfushane.

Izinkinga

1. Ubumvu be-eyeball (ngolimi lwezokwelapha - umjovo wezitsha ze-eyeball).

Kuhambisana nokumelela, ukushisa, ukuvuza, ukukhathala kweso. Ukuphazamiseka kwamalensi okuxhumana kuyaqina ekupheleni kosuku, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwezimo zangaphandle ezingekho esimweni (ukungcola, umoya wokushisa, ukushisa okuphakathi), kanye nokucindezeleka okukhulu kweso, ukusebenza kwikhompyutha.

Izimbangela zingase zibe: imiphetho yamalensi ewonakele, i-hypoxia ekhanda, ukukhiqiza kwezinyembezi kwehlisa futhi kuphule ifilimu yokungasebenzi, ukubhekana nesisombululo sokunakekela i-lens noma amakhemikhali e-lens, kanye ne-microbial toxins.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze?

• Ukuqeda izimbangela eziyinkimbinkimbi (ukushintshwa kwe-lens noma isisombululo);

• sebenzisa amaconsi okugcoba / okugcoba okuhloswe ngabantu abagqoka ama-lens. (Kunezinto ezifaka izinyembezi ezingalimaza i-lens - azifanelanga!)

2. I-Limb hyperemia (ubomvu obuzungeza i-cornea, endaweni yesigungu).

Kuvela, njengombuso, uma ugqoke ama-lens oxhumana naye athambile kusuka kuma-hydrogel. Isizathu singase sibe i-hypoxia corneal ebangelwa ukuphelelwa kwegesi okunganele noma "ukufika" okukhulu kwe-lens yokuxhumana ku-cornea.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze?

• Sebenzisa amalensi nge-greymeel enkulu yokwenyuka - i-silicone-hydrogel noma enye ukwakhiwa;

• Nciphise isikhathi sokugqoka ilensi emini.

3. I-epitheliopathy ye-cornea - izilonda ze-epithelial ezingenangqondo, lapho ukuzwa komzimba wangaphandle, amehlo omile angenzeka.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze?

• izinsuku ezingu-3-4 zokuphumula ezivela kuma-lens;

• Ukugcoba ama-dropsptic iso amaconsi kanye nabagqugquzeli bokuvuselelwa kwe-corneal izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngosuku;

• ukushintsha uhlobo lensiza noma isisombululo sokugcina;

• Sebenzisa amaconsi amanzi kubantu abagqoka amalensi oxhumana nabo.

4. I-Edema neovascularization ye-cornea

Ihambisane nezinguquko zesakhiwo emigqeni ye-cornea, engatholakala ngudokotela ocwaningweni lwe-biomicroscopic. I-Corneal edema iholela embonweni ophukile futhi wehlisa umbono, okwenza kube nzima ukubekezelelana kwama-contact lens. Isizathu asikho okwanele ukuhlinzekwa kwe-cornea nge-oksijeni, isibonelo, ezimweni lapho i-lens ingasusiwe ebusuku, lapho impahla ye-lens idla.

I-Vascularization iyindlela yokubuyisela imali ye-edema engapheli ye-cornea. Ukuzibandakanya isikhathi eside kwenzeka ngaphandle kwempawu ezimele futhi kutholakala ukuhlolwa kwe-biomicroscopic yesiguli. Ngenkambo ende, ukuhlukumeza kungabangela ukwephulwa kokubonakala kwe-cornea kanye nombono oncishisiwe.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze?

• sebenzisa i-lens ngekhono eliphakeme lokugesi (i-silicone-hydrogel);

• Nciphise isikhathi sokugqoka ilensi emini;

• Ukungcwaba amaconsi amanzi amalensi okuxhumana;

• Uma kwenzeka i-vascularization eqhubekayo ye-cornea, i-lensi eqinile i-lens kufanele iguguke.

5. I-conjunctivitis ye-follicular.

Uma i-lens engcolile igqoke isikhathi eside (ngokunakekelwa kahle), impendulo yegciwane lengculazi ivela emikhiqizweni yokuphuka kwamaprotheni athola ngaphansi kwe-lens.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze?

• lahla ama-lens;

• Gcwala amaconsi ehlose akhethekile ukuze uzinze izibilini ze-mast cell izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku;

• nge-acute course - antihistamines, ngokushisa - amalungiselelo ezinyembezi zokufakelwa;

• ukufakwa kwesisombululo sesitoreji;

• Kungenzeka ukusebenzisa amalensi alahlwayo.

6. I-Syndrome ye "iso elomile"

Kukhona izikhalazo zobomvu, izinzwa zokucasuka kweso, umbono obonakalayo.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze?

• ukuguqula uhlobo lensiza;

• Ukusebenzisa amaconsi okumanzisa / okugcoba amalensi okuxhumana;

• ngokunciphisa ukukhiqiza izinyembezi - amalungiselelo ezinyembezi zokufakelwa.

Ukuvimbela izinkinga

Uma uhlola futhi ukhetha amalensi othintana naye, kufanele uqaphele. Kodwa kamuva "phumula" akufanele kube. Ukuze ugweme ukucindezeleka, le mithetho elandelayo kufanele ibonwe.

1. Kanye kanye nezinyanga eziyisithupha - ukuvakashela ukuvimbela i-polyclinic, ku-ophthalmologist. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ezinye izinkinga zithuthuka ngaphandle kobuhlungu nokungaqondakali.

2. Ukuhlanzeka okuhlanzekile kwama-lens okuxhumana kuyadingeka: ukuhlanza kucabangela izinto zokwenza kwawo, ukuchithwa kwegazi, ukugcoba kwe-lens, ukugcinwa kweziqukathi ezikhethekile. Shintsha isitsha kufanele sibe okungenani isikhathi esingu-1 ezinyangeni ezingu-3-4.

3. Ungagqoki ama-lensi othintana nabo abathintekayo izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle kokukhipha. Kungaba yingozi.

4. I-lens kufanele ibe ngeso noma esitsheni kwisisombululo esikhethekile sokugcina. Uma kungenjalo, kuyomiswa, kuzoba nemikhakha emincane, okuzokwenza ukuthi ilensi ingasebenzi kalula.

5. Ungamanzi i-lens ngamathe. Emanzini kukhona inqwaba yebhaktheriya engabangela izifo zokuvuvukala kwamehlo.