Uma sihumusha ngokoqobo igama elithi "anorexia", sithola amagama afana nokuthi "ukungalaleli" nethi "indlala", okungukuthi, leli gama lizikhulumela. Kodwa ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso kungabizwa ngokuthi i-anorexia, noma ingabe imiqondo ehlukile?
Umqondo we-anorexia emithi uyasetshenziswa njengesifo esihlukile noma njengesifo sezinye izifo. I-Anorexia, yebo, isifo lapho kuphelelwa khona ukudla, kodwa futhi ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukulahlekelwa kwesidlo kungabangela ukucindezeleka, izimo ezingezansi kwengqondo-ngokomzwelo, ama-phobias ahlukahlukene, izifo ezibangelwa yi-somatic, ubuthi, ukuthatha imithi, ukukhulelwa. Njengesimpawu, sisebenza njengencazelo yezifo eziningi ze-somatic ezihlotshaniswa nesifo sengxenyeni yesisu noma ezinye izifo.
Uma uphatha i-anorexia njengesifo, ingabe ihlukaniswe ibe i-anorexia nervosa nengqondo. I-Anorexia nervosa - ukuphazamiseka kokudla, okubonakala ngokulahlekelwa isisindo esikhethekile, okubangelwa isifiso somguli, ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngamabomu noma ukungafuni ukuzuza isisindo esiningi. Ngokulandelanayo, kuvame ukutholakala kumantombazane. Nge-anorexia enjalo, kunesifiso sokugula kwesisindo somzimba, esihambisana nesibindi esinamandla ngaphambi kokukhuluphala. Isiguli sinombono ophikisayo womuntu siqu, futhi isiguli sibonisa ukukhathazeka okwedlulele ngesisindo, ngisho noma isisindo somzimba ngesikhathi sokugulana nesiguli asikhuphuki noma ngisho nangaphansi kwesimanje. Ngeshwa, esikhathini sethu lolu hlobo lwe-anorexia nokulahlekelwa kwesidlo ngokwaso aluvamile, kanti abanye ngokungazelelwe baba yinto evamile. Cishe amaphesenti angu-75-80% amantombazane aneminyaka engama-14 kuya kwengu-25. Izizathu zokulahleka okunjalo kokudla zihlukaniswa ngengqondo, okungukuthi, ithonya labantu abaseduze nezihlobo ezigulini, izakhi zofuzo kanye nezizathu zenhlalo, okungukuthi, ukuphakanyiswa komuntu othile ngesimo esihle noma isithombe, indlela yokulingisa. Leli fomu lesifo libhekwa njenge-anorexia yesifazane.
Ukubona i-anorexia kulula futhi kuyiqiniso ngempela. Izibonakaliso zokuqala ze-anorexia ezingabonakala ngokuzimela futhi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa udokotela ukuhluleka ukuthola isisindo eminyakeni yobudala, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sokuphakama komuntu, isisindo asitholakali. Futhi, ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esinjalo kungabangelwa yisiguli ngokwakhe, okungukuthi, isiguli sizama ukukhipha ukudla okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka, siphakamisa ukuthi sigcwele ngokugcwele, nakuba ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa isisindo singase sijwayelekile noma singaphansi kwesimanje. Ngokufanayo, isiguli sizama ukukhipha ukudla, okungukuthi, senza ngokuhlanza ukuhlanza, sithatha imithi yokuxuba, ukunyakaza kwemisipha, okungukuthi, ukuhamba ngokweqile, isiguli singathatha isifiso sokucindezela (i-desopimon, i-mazindol) noma ukusetshenziswa kwama-diuretics. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu zesiguli zingabonakala ngenxa yokuthi unombono ophikisayo womzimba wakhe, umqondo wokubhubhisa isisindo uhlala ngendlela yakhe ye-paranoia futhi isiguli sikholelwa ukuthi isisindo esiphansi kuye siyisimiso. Futhi, esinye sezibonakaliso ezingathandeki zokuxilongwa yi-atrophy yezitho zangasese kubesifazane kanye nokungabikho kokukhangwa ngokocansi. Kukhona nezimpawu eziningi ezingokomqondo, ezifana nokuphika inkinga, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ukuphazamiseka kokudla kanye nemikhuba yokudla, njalonjalo. Lapho ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo, i-psychotherapy yomndeni, ukuthuthukisa isimo jikelele sesiguli, ukuziphatha nokuxhumana kubaluleke kakhulu. Izindlela zokwelapha zikhona kulokhu kuphela ukufaka ukwelashwa kwangaphambilini, okungukuthi, izidakamizwa ezishukumisa ukudla nokunye okunjalo.
Ngokuphathelene ne-anorexia yengqondo, lokhu kungabizwa ngokusobala ukulahlekelwa kwesidlo nokudla okudla, okubhekiswe ekunciphiseni kwesisindo somzimba esibangelwa isifiso somguli, esikugqugquzela ngokuba khona kwesimo esidabukisayo nesimo se-catatonic, eshukunyiswa ukukhohliswa kwesifo sobuthe. Lesi sifo singathiwa yi-paranoia eningi. Ukwelashwa kwe-anorexia enjalo kufanele kuhloswe ekubuyiseleni ukudla okuzimele, okwenza umbono ovamile we-figure ngokwayo, ubuyekeze isisindo esivamile sesiguli futhi, ngokuqinisekile, ukusekela kokuziphatha nezengqondo zezihlobo.
Kusukela kulesi sihloko sibona ukuthi i-anorexia njengesifo futhi njengesifo sezifo eziningi ze-somatic singabiza imbangela yokunciphisa ukudla, kepha ukubiza i-anorexia nje ukuthi ukungabi khona kwendlala akunakwenzeka. Akukhona nje ukuthi izinqubo ze-pathological emzimbeni zenza i-anorexia, kodwa izifo zengqondo nezesifo. Ukuthukuthela emndenini, ukucindezeleka, hhayi izimo ezingokomzwelo zengqondo-ngokomzwelo akuyona into ebangelwa yi-anorexia, okuholela ekutheni kube nesimo esithwala kakhulu lesi sifo. Ukuze sigweme lokhu, okokuqala, sidinga ubudlelwane obuhle emndenini, kubantu abanobucayi nabazwelayo nabasondelene nabo. Sidinga ukudla okuhle nokujwayelekile, ukunamathela ngqo ekudleni, ungadli futhi ungaphazamisi ukudla. Ngeshwa, i-anorexia ayisho ukuthi abazali abazange bakhulise kahle ingane yabo. Umlingiswa womuntu siqu, wamasiko nezenhlalakahle eziningi ezithintekayo ekuthuthukiseni i-anorexia.