Eqinisweni, ukutheleleka kwe-cytomegalovirus nokukhulelwa yizimiso ezihamba eceleni. Kuwo wonke umhlaba, abesifazane abakhulelwe bayathinteka kakhulu yi-cytomegalovirus kaningi. Ngokusho kwedatha ehlukene, izimo zabesifazane abakhulelwe ziphakathi kwama-80 kuya ku-100%. Ku-30-60% yezingane, izimpawu zokuqala nge-cytomegalovirus ukutheleleka zivele kakade ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Ukutheleleke ngaleli gciwane ngokuxhumana nomuntu ogulayo, futhi lesi sifo ngokwayo sivame ukwenzeka ngesimo esibucayi noma esingenasifo.
Ukutheleleka kwe-Cytomegalovirus, uma ikhona, itholakala cishe kuwo wonke ama-media omzimba womzimba womuntu. Kuvele ukuthi kulula ukutheleleka nge-airborne way, ngezocansi ezingakhuselekanga, kungenzeka ukuthi ingane isandulela ngculaza kanti igciwane lidluliselwa enganeni ngesikhathi sokubeletha noma ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Kulandela ukuthi ingozi yokutheleleka iphezulu kakhulu ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwengane, bese kuthi lapho sekuqala ukusebenza kocansi.
I-Cytomegalovirus ngezinye izikhathi iyaphila emzimbeni womuntu, kodwa zonke izibonakaliso zesifo, njengombuso, azikho. Umuntu angakwazi ukusakaza igciwane sonke lesi sikhathi futhi abe ngumthombo wesifo. Njengoba kunciphisa ukuzivikela, ukuthuthukiswa okubukhali kokutheleleka kungenzeka.
Ukutheleleka nokukhulelwa
Ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo yokutheleleka kwe-cytomegalovirus akuyona into ecacile. Lesi sifo ngezinye izikhathi sihambisana nokwanda kwezinga lokushisa, ama-lymph nodes aqala ukwanda, imisipha yesikhumba, ubuthakathaka. Odokotela ngokuvamile kuleli cala babeka, ngokwezimpawu, ukuxilongwa kwe-ARI.
Kodwa-ke, uma ukwelashwa kungaqalwanga, iziguli zingase zihlakulele i-pneumonia (amaphaphu aqala ukuvuvukala), isisu nesilonda sesilonda, isimo singaba nzima ngokushisa kwesifo sofuba nesisu (ukuvuvukala kwenhliziyo). Ezimweni eziningi, ukuxilongwa kwangempela akukwazi ukusungulwa.
Ukutheleleka kwe-Cytomegalovirus kuyingozi ethile ekukhupheni. Namuhla yilokho okuyisisekelo esikhulu esenza abesifazane besengozini yokukhipha isisu, futhi ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi kuyenzeka futhi. Ku-fetus, ukutheleleka okunjalo kuyingozi ngokukhubazeka okukhulu okuthuthukayo: ubuchopho, amehlo, ngokuvamile kuvame ukufa kwe-utero fetal.
Umphumela ongalindelekile futhi onzima kunokwenzeka uma owesifazane ethonywa nge-cytomegalovirus ngokuqondile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, lapho owesifazane engenalo igciwane. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kukhona okuthiwa "i-cytomegalovirus ukukhulelwa", lapho igciwane lingena khona emfusheni ngesikhathi esifushane. Uma ukutheleleka kwenzeke isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, umzimba usuvele usungula izinhlamvu eziningi zokuzivikela ezibhekene negciwane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, okuyinto enciphisa kakhulu ingozi ye-fetus.
Ukutheleleka kwangasese - izimpawu
Ngesikhathi ukutholakala kwegciwane ngokwayo egazini noma e-smears yowesifazane okhulelwe, ingozi yokutheleleka kwe-intrauterine iyanda kakhulu. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi inqubo esebenzayo iqalile. Nazi izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa:
- ukubambezeleka ekuthuthukiseni, okuqala ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa komntwana;
- isibindi esikhulu nesipere;
- i-jaundice;
- ukutholakala kwe-rash;
- izinkinga eziningi emsebenzini wenhliziyo nesistimu yezinzwa.
Izingane zangaphambi kwesikhathi zivame ukuvikelwa ekutheleleni. Ekukhulelweni okuvamile, i-placenta ayinakulinganiswa nokutheleleka kwe-cytomegalovirus, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi igciwane lingangena kwi-placenta futhi lilishintshe ngendlela yokuthi liba nesisulu futhi igciwane lingene kalula embusweni. Ekupheleni kokukhulelwa, izifo ezivikela umzimba ezivela emzimbeni kamama zidluliselwa emntwaneni, ngakho-ke, izingane ezizalwa ngesikhathi zivikelekile emiphumeleni yokutheleleka.
Ukuze kutholakale ukuthi i-cytomegalovirus iyatholakala, ukunikezela ngokuhlaziywa okuvamile kwegazi, kanye nomchamo, ama-smear lapho igciwane litholakala khona kalula. Egazini, ama-antibodies kuwo ngokuvamile avunyelwe. Akusekho ukwelashwa okhethekile kokutheleleka kwe-cytomegalovirus. Ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa inamba yezidakamizwa ezandisa ukwelashwa.