Zonke izinhlobo zokuthuthumela ziphela kuphela ephusheni. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalo - ukuzamazama kokuphila nokuzamazama komhlaba.
TEMOR PHYSICAL
Iyenzeka kuwo wonke umuntu onempilo. Isibonelo, ngokukhathazeka okukhulu nokwesaba okukhulu, ngenxa yokusebenzisana kwezinqubo ze-neurophysiological eziphakathi nendawo kanye nezinhlangothi, ukuphambana okuphindaphindiwe nokuphumula kwemisipha kwenzeka. Ukuthuthumela okunjalo, njengokubusa, akubonakali kusuka ngaphandle futhi akuzwa umuntfu ngokwakhe. Ngenkinga yokucindezeleka, ukukhathala, ukupholisa, noma ukuvusa ngokomzwelo, ukuzamazama kungase kube namandla futhi kubonakale - kubizwa ngokuthi ukuzamazama komzimba okuqinisiwe. It has amplitude enkulu, kodwa imvamisa efanayo njengoba eyodwa elula ngokomzimba.
UKUPHILA KWEMPATHOLI
Kwenzeka ngezifo ezihlukahlukene futhi kubonakala emehlweni. Inamanani amaningi. Isisekelo sokuhlaziywa komtholampilo wokuthuthumela kungukumiswa kwezimo lapho kubonakala khona.
ISITHOMBE SOMPOST
Ivela ngesikhathi lapho imisipha ikhululekile futhi ingenzi ukunyakaza okusebenzayo. Ukuqinisa ngokucindezeleka nokucindezeleka kwengqondo, kunganciphisa ngokunyakaza okuzithandela kwesigungu esithintekayo. Lolu hlobo lokududuza luvame kakhulu ku-parkinsonism.
UMTHETHO WOKUSEBENZA
Noma yikuphi ukuzamazama okukwenzeka ngokuphazamiseka okungaqondakali kwemisipha. Ihlanganisa ukuthunyelwa kwe-postural, isometric nokuzamazama komhlaba (kinetic).
Ukuzamazama kwe-postural kwenzeka ngokumelene nengemuva kokuhlukunyezwa komzimba okwemvelo ngenkathi kugcinwa ukuma, ngokuphambene namandla okuvuthwa. Kungaba yinto enobungozi futhi kungaba ukubonakaliswa kokuzalwa. Kungase kusho ukukhathazeka okwenyukayo, kwenzeka lapho igciwane le-thyroid lichaphazeleka. Ukwethuka kwalolu hlobo kungabangela ukuyeka ukuziqeda (ngenxa yokuphuza) ngenxa yokudla amazinga amaningi okuphuza utshwala noma izidakamizwa. Uma ukudlula ngokweqile kwezidakamizwa ezithile noma uketshezi ngamakhemikhali kungase kwenzeke nokuthuthumela ngokuzumayo, isibonelo, lapho ubuthi ngamanoni ezinsimbi ezinamandla (mercury). Ukuthuthumela kwe-postural emaphethelweni angenhla nangaphansi kuyaphawulwa lapho isiguli sigxilisa izandla zombili futhi sizama ukusakaza iminwe yakhe - yilelo msebenzi udokotela ohlinzeka nge-neuropathologist anikezela isiguli ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.
Ukuzamazama kwe-Isometric kwenzeka lapho imisipha isebenza, lapho isenzo sabo sibhekene nento eshicilelwe (isibonelo, uma umuntu egxila izandla zakhe etafuleni).
Ukuzamazama kwe-Kinetic kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokunyakaza okungaqondakali. Ukuhluka kwakhe okufana nokuthuthumela okwenziwe ngezici ezithile kuphela ngezenzo ezithile (ngokubhala, ukwenza umsebenzi othile wezisebenzi), kodwa hhayi ngezinye izinyathelo ezithinta imisipha efanayo.
Uhlobo lokuthuthumela, ukusatshalaliswa kwalo, ukuqina, isikhathi sokuqala kanye nezinye izici zakha isifo sokuthuthumela. Ukwakhiwa kwalokhu okubalulekile kubalulekile ekunqumeni izindlela ezifanele zokwelapha.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuzamazama komhlaba ezisezingeni eliphezulu nangaphansi. Okuvame kakhulu ukuthi kubalulekile. Ngokuvame ukubonakaliswa ukuthuthumela kwezandla emva kokuthuthumela, ngokuvamile kuvumelana nokuthuthumela kwekhanda, izindebe, izintambo zomlomo, imilenze, isithotho. Iziguli ezingaphezu kwesigamu zinesifo sofuba esingenalutho, esingadingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile. Nge-jitter ephawulekayo, udokotela ngokuvamile ubeka ipropranolol noma i-primidone.
Ukuthuthumela kwe-Parkinsonian kuvame ukuzibonakalisa njengokuthuthumela kokuphumula noma ukuhlanganiswa kwazo nezenzo eziningi. Ezimweni ezijwayelekile, izandla zihilelekile, ukuphuza, ukunyuka ukuhamba kukhonjelwa. Ukuzamazama kwe-Parkinsonian kunganciphisa ngaphansi kwethonya lemithi ye-dopaminergic (i-levodopa amalungiselelo, i-dopamine agonists), i-anticholinergics.
Ekudumeni kwe-cerebellum, ngokuzuma okukhulu, ukuzamazama okukhulu kuyenzeka, ngezinye izikhathi kuhambisane nokuzamazama kwe-postural emaphethelweni aphezulu nangaphansi. Ku-pathologies ye-cerebellar, kukhona amathuba ezinhlobonhlobo zemitholampilo ye-jitter (isibonelo, ukuzamazama kwesigcawu se-postural nesihloko se-trunk-tituration). Ukwesaba okukhulu yihlobo lokuthuthumela okubizwa nge-asterixis, ukunyakaza kwezandla okufana nokuphazamiseka kwamaphiko. Kungase kuvele isifo sikaWilson-Konovalov (isifo esiyingozi esihlotshaniswa nokuqoqa ithusi ebuchosheni, egazini nasezintweni zesibindi), ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-hepatic noma kwe-renal, kanye nokulimala kumaphakathi. Lapho ukuzamazama kwe-cerebellum kuthintekile, izinhlelo eziningi ze-neurotransmitter, eziphathelene nokukhetha ukwelashwa kunzima.
Ukuzamazama kweHolmes kubonakala ngokuhlanganiswa kokuqala kokuthuthumela kokuphumula nokuthuthumela kwezenzo. Ngokuvamile kuyinto ekhethekile ukunyuka ngokukhazimulayo lapho uzama ukugcina isilenge esilinganisweni. Ukuthuthumela okukhulu, okukhulu kakhulu kwezingalo, imilenze, kanye ne-trunk kuvame ukuphazanyiswa yizinto ezihlukahlukene. Ukuthuthumela kwamaHolmes kuvame ukuvela ngemva kokunqotshwa kwemisipha, nge-multiple sclerosis nezinye izifo. Ukwelashwa kuyinkinga, kwezinye izimo, izidakamizwa ze-levodopa, anticholinergics, valproate, propanolol.
IZIMFOMO ZEZEMPILO ZEZIKHATHI
Unemibonakaliso ehlukene yemitholampilo, inhlanganisela engajwayelekile yezinhlobo zokuthuthumela (iningi lezinyawo eziningi). Ukuzamazama kuqala ngokuzumayo futhi kuyama ngokushesha nje. Uma uphambukisa ukunakekelwa kwesiguli, ukuzamazama kunciphisa. Kudingekile ukuthi uthintane nomtholampilo futhi unikeze ukulwa nokukhathazeka, izidakamizwa.
Imithi kanye nokuthuthumela okwesibisi kungabangelwa izinto ezihlukahlukene. Intukuthelo evamile kunazo zonke, eziseduze eziningana zezici zayo ekuthungeni komzimba okuthuthukisiwe. Kungenzeka ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwe-sympatho-mimetics (ephedrine) noma izidakamizwa zokucindezeleka (amitriptyline). Ukuzamazama komhlaba kuka-Parkinson kungenzeka ngemuva kokwelapha nge-neuroleptic noma ezinye izidakamizwa zokulwa negciwane (i-reserpine, flunarizine). Ukuthuthumela okukhulu kungenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwe-lithium usawoti nezinye izidakamizwa. Ukwesaba, okwenzeka emva kokudla kabi ngokweqile noma okudakayo, kufanele kuhlukaniswe nokuthuthumela kokudakwa okudakayo okuhambisana nokubandakanyeka kwe-cerebellar.
I-syndromes ehlongozwayo ye-tremor ye-upper and lower extremities ayidluli zonke izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zemitholampilo. Kukhona inhlanganisela engavamile kangangokuthi akunakwenzeka ngokushesha ukuwabela kunoma yisiphi isigaba. Lokhu kubangela ukungabi nakho kwemithi yokwelashwa kanye nesidingo sokubonisana nodokotela ukuhlolwa nokukhethwa kokwelashwa.
Kulezo zimo uma umphumela wemithi ekwelapheni kokuthuthumela kwamaphethelo angenhla nephansi awanelisi, imisebenzi esezingeni eliphezulu ebuchosheni isetshenziswa. Ukusebenza okunjalo kwenziwa nge-neurosurgeons ye-RNPC ye-Neurology ne-Neurosurgery. Impumelelo etholakala ekutadisheni ukuzamazama, ukubukeka kwemithi emisha kungasiza inani elikhulayo leziguli futhi libheke esikhathini esizayo ngethemba.