Ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kokukhwehlela ezinganeni kuqala kuhilela ukucacisa izimbangela zokubonakala kwazo. Ngokuvamile ukukhwehlela kubonisa njengesifo sokutheleleka okubangelwa ukuphefumula kwesifo sofuba (ARVI). Ukutheleleka okunjalo kungathinta kokubili ukuphefumula okuphezulu (i-nose, nasopharynx, i-oropharynx), namaphansi (amaphaphu, i-bronchi, i-trachea, i-larynx). Futhi bangela ukukhwehlela kungaba ukuvuvukala kwezitho ze-ENT, njengezkhala, ama-pharynx, ama-sinus paranasal, noma ukwanda kwama-pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids).
Isikhumba sibonakaliso esibaluleke kakhulu esibhedlela sokuphefumula kwesifo sofuba, lapho ukukhwehlela kungenza khona okulingana nokuhlaselwa kwesifo sokuhlushwa. Ukuhlaselwa okungazelelwe kokukhwehlela kungasebenza njengesiginali sokuba ingane ivule umzimba wangaphandle emgqeni we-trachea ne-bronchi, engaba yingozi empilweni yakhe. Kulesi simo, kufanele ufune ngokushesha usizo lwezokwelapha.
Izifo zokuphefumula azikwazi ukudala ukukhwehlela njalo. Isibonelo, kungabonwa ezinganeni ezine-pathology yezinambuzane zamathumbu noma izinkinga zenhliziyo. Futhi, ukukhwehlela kungabangelwa izinto ezilimazayo, ezimweni ezithile zingatholakala emoyeni ngobuningi (ugwayi ugwayi, ukungcoliswa kwegesi), noma umoya oshisayo kakhulu futhi omile ekamelweni.
Ngaphansi kancane, ukukhwehlela kungaba yinkimbinkimbi noma yengqondo, okungukuthi, kungenzeka ngokuvuvukala kwezindlebe eziphakathi noma ukwakheka kwamapulaki esibabule emgodini wangaphandle wokuhlola.
Ukukhethwa kokwelapha kufanele kunqunywe uhlobo lokukhwehlela nesithombe somtholampilo jikelele. Ama-Antitussives kufanele anqunywe udokotela wezingane. Kusukela ngesikhathi sokukhwehlela umzimba uzama ukususa imimoya, ukulwa nalesi sifo kungaholela ekutheleleni okunamandla emzimbeni, okungaholela ekucindezeni. Ukuphumelela kokwelashwa ukusiza umzimba womntwana ukusula nokukhulula ukucindezeleka okubhekene nakho.
Izidakamizwa ze-Antitussive zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu: i-mucolytic (ikwazi ukuhlanza i-sputum), i-expectorant (ukwandisa ukukhwehlela) kanye nezintuthwane (ukukhulula ukukhwehlela, okuphazamisa isikhungo sokukhwehlela ohlelweni lwezinzwa).
Ukwelashwa kwengane ekukhwehleleni kufanele kwenzeke ezimweni ezikhululekile kuye. Ungakhetha noma iyiphi indlela yokwelapha: ngosizo lwezidakamizwa zemithi, amakhambi, amakhambi abantu, noma i-aromatherapy. Kule nkinga, ukwelashwa kungenziwa ukwesekwa ngezinqubo ezinjalo zokuxhumana njenge-inhalation, massage esifubeni, isinaphi, amathini.
Izidakamizwa zemithi zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezilandelayo ezinganeni:
- izidakamizwa ze-mucolytic (Ambroxol, ATSTS, Bromheksin, Karbotsistein, Mesna) - i-bronchitis ne-pneumonia;
- izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswayo (izimpande ze-licorice, izimpande ze-althaea, i-Mukaltin, amaqabunga e-coltsfoot, i-iodide ye-potassium, i-broncholitin, i-bicarbonate ye-sodium, amaqabunga e-plantain, i-Pertussin, i-Solutan, i-Chabrets, i-Tussin) - i-bronchitis nemikhuhlane;
- Amalungiselelo ahlanganisiwe (Udokotela MOM, Kodelak fito) - ARVI, ARI, amakhaza.
Uma ukukhwehlela kunciphisa futhi kubuhlungu, futhi izidakamizwa ezingenhla zingenamandla, izidakamizwa ezihlukumezayo ziyasetshenziswa: i-Ethylmorphine, i-Codeine, i-Glaucin, i-Dimemorfan (izidakamizwa zezidakamizwa), i-Butamirate (izidakamizwa ezingekho izidakamizwa), i-Prenoxindiazine, i-Oxeladin.
KUBALULEKILE: kunqatshelwe ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa eziphikisana nezidakamizwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, lokhu kungabangela ukugcwaliswa kwe-bronchi nge-sputum.