Ukubaluleka kokutholakala kwemikhiqizo yenyama ekuhlungeni imvuthu kukhulu kakhulu, ngoba umzimba wengane ubhekene nokukhula okujulile kanye nezinga eliphakeme lezinqubo zemithi. Kusukela eneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala, izingane zinamazinyo ezinsana, ukunyuka kwemisebenzi ye-enzyme yokugaya, kuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kokubona. Ngokuqondene nalezi zinguquko emsebenzini womzimba, ukudla komntwana kufanele kube okungafani kakhulu futhi kufaka imikhiqizo emisha eminingi - kuhlanganise nokudla.
Kungani kubaluleke kangaka?
Inyama inikeza ingane ngamaprotheni, izingane zabo zidinga okungaphezulu kwabantu abadala (isisindo ngasinye). Ama-protein aqukethe zonke amino acid ezidingekayo (kuhlanganise nalawo angabisi ubisi, isibonelo, i-taurine, edingekayo ekuthuthukiseni okujwayelekile kwesistimu yenzwa yomphakathi). Ngakho-ke, amaprotheni enyama ayikwazi ukushintshwa ngokugcwele nemifino ngisho nobisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenyama ingane ithola amafutha, yenza kube lula ukumboza izindleko zamandla aphezulu. Amafutha, ayimithombo yamafutha e-polyunsaturated, athuthukisa ukufana kwamaphrotheni, amaminerali, amavithamini, athinte izinqubo zokuqubuzana, ukuthuthukiswa nokukhula komzimba, ukuhlanganyela ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwesimiso somzimba. Kodwa lapha isilinganiso sibalulekile - ukudlula ngokweqile kwamafutha kuyingozi - bafakwa ezinhlobonhlobo, umsebenzi wegciwane lesisu, uhlelo lwe-endocrine luphazanyiswa, ukufakwa kwesimo sokukhuluphala kumuntu omdala kuyakhiwa.
Inyama iqukethe amavithamini angama-20 (umkhiqizo ucebile kakhulu amavithamini weqembu B, PP). Inyama - umthombo wamaminerali amaningi (iron, magnesium, phosphorus, ithusi, calcium, zinc, selenium, njll). Phakathi kwabo, insimbi yenani elikhulu kunazo zonke ezinganeni. Ngenyama kanye nemikhiqizo (isibindi, inhliziyo), ikhona efomeni elibonakala kalula emzimbeni, yingakho ligcotshwa kangcono (ngo-30%) kunensimbi equkethe ukudla okutshala (kuphela 10%).
Cabanga ngalokho ukudla okumele ukhethe usana? Izinto ezitholakala enyama, zivuselela izigulane zokugaya, zanda ukondla, zijabulele isimiso sezinzwa zomphakathi. Ikhwalithi kanye nenyama entsha njalo kunomdlavuza omuhle futhi kuhlangene kahle nanoma yikuphi ukudla okudla okusanhlamvu kanye nemifino.
Masikhulume ngemigomo
Ukudla okunomsoco njengokwesekela izingane ezinempilo kufakwa ekudleni emva kwezinyanga ezingu-6-7, ngokwesilinganiso - kusukela ezinyangeni ezingu-8. Ngenhloso yokwelapha kanye ne-prophylactic yezingane ezine-anemia, ukungeneli kwesisindo somzimba okwanele, ukungahambisani nemiprotheni yobisi lwezinkomo, isingeniso sangaphambili kungenzeka, kusukela ezinyangeni ezingu-6 kakade. Kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha, izinhlelo ze-enzyme zezingane, izinso, isibindi, isisu namathumbu asakakulungeli ukuhlangabezana nomkhiqizo onzulu kangaka, ongakwazi ukuwufanisa ngokwanele. Njengamaqhawe angaphambilini, ukufakwa kwenyama kufanele kube kancane kancane, qala ngo-5-20 g wezinyosi puree ngosuku (1/4 isipuni). Ukwandisa ngokuqhubekayo ivolumu: ngezinyanga ezingu-9 - kuya ku-20-40 g ngosuku, ngezinyanga ezingu-10 - kuya ku-40-50 g, ngezinyanga ezingu-11 - kuya kuma-50-60 g, ngonyaka unyaka we-meat puree ulethwa ku-60-70 g. nge inyama, hlanganisa 0.5-1 isipuni inyama puree nobisi lwebele. Ngemva kwesikhashana ungakwazi ukuhlanganisa inyama ne-puree yemifino, kodwa kuphela kulawo mifino ingane eyaziyo futhi eyayithanda. Qaphela ukuthi ngabe umntwana uthande isidlo esisha, bese ulandela ukuphendula komzimba. Esikhathini esilandelayo engeza inyama encane ye-puree, bese uzama ukunikela ingane i-puree inyama ehlukile, ihlutswe umhluzi, futhi ubone ukuthi wasabela kanjani.
Ngaphambi kokukhonza, lezi zingcezu zingadliwa futhi, futhi izingane ezindala kuneminyaka engama-2.5 (ngokuvamile kule minyaka zikhona zonke amazinyo obisi) - sebenzisa inyama ephekiwe. Izingane ezineminyaka engu-3-5 ubudala zidinga amagremu angu-80 kuya kwangu-100 enyama ephekiwe yansuku zonke.
Yimuphi inyama okumele uyikhethe?
Lo mbuzo ubalulekile, ngoba inyama yezilwane ezahlukene ehlukile ekubunjweni, kuye ngokuthi ingxenye yesidumbu. Lapha isimiso ukuthi amafutha amaningi, amaprotheni angaphansi.
Ukudla kokuqala okuhambisanayo, i-hypoallergenic kanye ne-fat fat fat kanye no-rabbit kuyathandwa. Luhlobo luni lokudla okumele lukhethwe ngumntwana ngumbuzo abazali abaningi abacabanga ngawo. Izinsana zihambisana nesilwane esincane esincane noma inyama yenkomo, ingulube enamafutha aphansi, inkukhu, inkukhu, izigwaca, inyama yemidlalo, iwundlu livunyelwe. Uma kuqhathaniswa nenyama yezilwane, inyama yezinkukhu (izinkukhu, ama-turkeys, izigwaca) iqukethe amaprotheni amancane kanye neziqhumane, kodwa izicubu ezincane ezingasebenzi, futhi amaprotheni namafutha abo angcono kakhulu.
Kungcono ukukhipha emanzini enyama yengulube newundlu, inyama yamadada namahansi. Kuze kube iminyaka engama-4-5 (futhi uma kungenzeka futhi isikhathi eside), akudingekile ukuba umlenze ingane nge-sausages kanye namasoseji, aqukethe izinto eziningi eziyingozi. Ngokuhamba kancane, imenyu yezingane ihlanganisa ukwehla, okubaluleke kakhulu ekudleni yisibindi. Ukugxila kwezingqimba ze-hematopoietic nazo zonke amavithamini aziwayo (ikakhulukazi A, B2, PP, choline). Kodwa khumbula ukuthi kune-cholesterol eningi esibindi, awudingi ukuyixhaphaza. Ulimi oluphakeme, inhliziyo nezinso zinezinga eliphezulu lokudla okunomsoco. Ulimi lugwetshwe kalula, lunezicubu ezincane, amaprotheni namafutha aqukethe cishe ngezilinganiso ezifanayo. Futhi enhliziyweni yamafutha kuncane, ama-3% kuphela, namaphrotheni - 15%.
Ukupheka noma ukuthenga?
Ukulungele ukudla komntwana ekhaya akusiyo njalo ikhwalithi ewusizo futhi engcono kakhulu yokudla okusemathinini okwenziwe ekhiqiza - ukufeza ukuvumelana okufisayo nokugcina ubunzima bezinto ezibalulekile ekhikhini lakho kunzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo esingalungile esingokwemvelo kufanele sicatshangelwe. Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe bezinsana ezisondelene nabantwana basakhuthaza, uma kunokwenzeka, ukuthi basebenzise ekudleni kwezinsana zonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, ikakhulukazi inyama ekhethekile ekheniwe yokukhiqiza izimboni. Ukukhiqizwa kokudla kwabantwana ezimweni zezimboni, inyama yezilwane ezincane, ekhulile futhi egcotshwe ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile, isetshenziselwa, ngokuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho yokuphepha. Ukudla okunjalo okuluhlaza kudlula ukulawula okuqinile, okwakungasho ukuthi inyama ingathengi emakethe noma esitolo. Enqubo yokukhiqiza, ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo ye-genetically modified kuvunyelwe.
Ukudla okusemathinini kwenziwa ngokwezinto zokupheka ezilinganiselwe ngokwezakhi zomzimba ngobuningi bokulinganisela nokwalinganisa, zenziwe ngokuneziqu ezinamavithamini namaminerali. Ukukhiqizwa kwezezimboni kukuvumela ukuba unikeze izinga elifunayo lokugaya lomkhiqizo, elifanele iminyaka ethile. Kanti futhi, ukudla okusemathinini okusemathinini kufanelana nalokho okusebenzayo - ukuze ukondle umntwana, badinga kuphela ukufudumala.
Inkampani enhle
Ukwakhiwa kwezimboni ezikhonjiwe kungaba inyama noma kuhlangene. Isisekelo sokudla okuhlanzekile okusemathinini kunomzimba ochotshoziwe, lapho umhluzi, ibhotela (imifino noma imifino), usawoti, anyanisi, izakhi zokwakha ifomu (isitashi, ufulawa) zinganezelwa. Njengamanje, ososayensi baye bahlakulela kakhulu inyama, inyama equkethe inyama (inyama eningi kakhulu) kanye nemifino-inyama (imikhiqizo engaphezulu yemifino) ukudla okusemathinini, okungafani nalokho okubonakalayo kwenyama. Lolu hlu luyaqhubeka luthuthukiswa yizobuchwephesha abaqeqeshiwe kakhulu ngokubambisana eduze nezingane zakudala.
Lapho umntwana ekhula
Ngokudluliswa kancane kancane kwetafula etafuleni elivamile (emva kweminyaka engu-2-3) nokufakwa kwezitsha zokudla ezilungiselelwe ngokwabo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa inyama entsha, enobuthi, encane futhi enomzimba. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngisho inyama enhle ingaba umthombo wesifo uma itholakala esilwaneni esigulayo esinegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, isifo sofuba, i-brucellosis. Thenga inyama ezindaweni ezikhethiwe. Impilo nokuphepha kwabathandekayo bakho, futhi, okokuqala, yizingane, ezandleni zakho! Uma uthenge inyama ye-ayisikhilimu, ithotshiwe, futhi ngesizathu esithile unqume ukuthi ungayipheki ngesikhathi esisodwa - ungayiqedi futhi. Lokhu kunciphisa inani lokudla okunomsoco kuphela, kodwa futhi ukunambitheka komkhiqizo. Ngakho-ke, sebenzisa kangcono amapulani okudla, futhi ungafisa isidlo esenziwe ngomumo (ama-cutlets, inyama, ama-ragout).
Imemo yokupheka inyama
Inyama efriziwe kufanele ihlanzwe kuqala ngamanzi abandayo, bese ishiya ukuze ibhebhetheke esitsheni esivaliwe ekamelweni lokushisa amahora angu-2-3. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela, uzolondoloza isisindo sayo somsoco nesinambitheka. Bese ubamba ngobumnene ubukhulu obukhulu, ugweme ukuchoboza ngokweqile ukugcina amaprotheni amaningi kanye nezakhi.
Ungashiyi inyama emanzini "ugobe" - uzolahlekelwa amaminerali amaningi, amavithamini kanye neziqhumane, nje ugeze ngamanzi abandayo ngaphambi kokusika.
Ukusika inyama udinga ukuwela indlela yezintambo zomzimba. Ungabe usawoti usawoti, usawoti ususa amanzi kuwo, futhi uba owomile.
Ingabe ufuna ukupheka inyama enomsoco enempilo ebilisiwe? Beka ngamanzi abilayo, uthathe izingcezu ezinkulu, bese ubilisa emanzini anosawoti. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngaphansi kwethonya elishisayo, amanye amaprotheni aphezu kwesikhumba senyama futhi ayenze ifilimu evimbela ukukhululwa kwezinto eziwusizo ezivela kulo emanzini.
Uma upheka inyama yengane encane, emva kokupheka, yeqa ngezikhathi eziningana ngokusebenzisa i-grinder ye-nyama njengoba ithandwa kalula ngumzimba wengane.
Uma udinga ukuthola umhluzi onomsoco futhi obilisiwe, inyama kufanele incishiswe emanzini abandayo futhi angenakulinganiswa bese upheka ekushiseni okuphansi. Ukuze uthole isivuno esikhulu sempahla ebalulekile emhluzeni, uthele amanzi amaningi epanini.
Uma upheka umhluzi, isikhukhula kufanele sisuswe ebusweni ngokushesha ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwayo. Uma sekwephuzile - umhluzi uzoba namafu, futhi kuzodingeka uhlungwe.
Izimpande zenyama azikhuthazwa izingane kuze kube seminyaka engu-2-3, esikhathini esizayo kungcono ukulungiselela okuthiwa "okuyisithupha" noma "okuphakeme" - emva kokubilisa, ukuhlanganiswa kwamanzi nokusha.
Inyama ebilisiwe
Thatha: 100 g yenyama eluhlaza
Ukulungiselela:
Indlela yokupheka inyama incike ekutheni udinga ukuyigcina izinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo.