Izimbangela zokuhlukunyezwa kokuzalwa
Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko yisimo esihlotshaniswa nokuntuleka kwe-oxygen ebusweni ngisho nangesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa komntwana. Khona-ke isimo siphuthumayo ngenkathi ingane idlula emgodini wokuzalwa. Ukuhlukunyezwa okunjalo kungakhula futhi ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kunezinqubo eziningana eziyinkimbinkimbi eziphazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi ezingxenyeni zobuchopho zengane. Esikhathini sokuhambisa umntwana ngesikhathi sokuzalwa komsele, i-cranium shrinks, ebangela ukuhlukunyezwa kokubeletha. Ukuhlukunyezwa okunjalo kungenzeka ngokubaluleka okwedlula ubukhulu bekhanda lomntwana osanda kuzalwa kanye nobubanzi bomsele wokuzalwa womama. Ngokujwayelekile umsebenzi odokotela ukuvimbela amacala anjalo. Ngemuva kwekhanda lomfazi lilinganiswa izikhathi eziningana ngaphambi kokubeletha, kanti ubukhulu bekhanda le-fetal bubonisa ngokucacile i-ultrasound. Kwezinye izimo, lolu hlobo lokulimala luyabonakala emva kokulethwa okusheshayo, ukukhipha amanzi emzimbeni noma inqubo yokuzalwa yesikhathi eside kakhulu.
Izimpawu ezibonisa ukuhlukunyezwa kokubeletha kwezinsana
Ukuhlukanisa kahle lezi zibonakaliso, ochwepheshe baye baveza izikhathi eziningana:
- acute, ithatha isonto elilodwa kuya ezinsukwini ezingu-10;
- Ukuvuselelwa ekuqaleni, kuze kufike ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kwezine;
- Ukuvuselelwa emuva kwesikhathi, kuze kube unyaka owodwa;
- inkathi enezimiso ezisalayo, engaphezu kweminyaka emibili.
Izifo zengozi zalolu hlobo aziveli ngokuzumayo. Zingahlala zizinqunywa izimpawu eziveziwe. Ngokuvamile lokhu kukhishwa ngokweqile noma, ngokuphambene, ukungabi nokusebenza nokucindezelwa.
Ukudabuka ngokweqile kungaphawulwa ngokubona ukuthi ingane iziphatha ngokungahambi kahle, kaningi ngokukhala ngokukhala, inxushunxushu kanye nokuthuthumela kwemigomo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izwe elicindezelekile linqunywa ukulala kanye nezwi elibuthakathaka lemisipha, ukuwohloka kwengqondo nokuhluleka kokudla. Izingane ezinjalo ngokuvamile zivame ukudlala ukudla, ngezinye izikhathi lesi sici sibambezeleka izinyanga eziningi.
Ukwelashwa kokulimala kokuzalwa kwezinsana
Ukwelashwa kwezifo ezinjalo kuhlale kunzima futhi kuhlala njalo. Izingane eziye zabhekana nokuhlukunyezwa komndeni, ikakhulukazi zidinga ukuthola ubisi lwebele, nakuba okokuqala izingane ezinjalo zisetshenziswa esifubeni izinsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa. Basesimweni sokunakekelwa okukhulu ngemuva kokubeletha, okuyisilinganiso esidingekayo.
Ezinsukwini zokuqala zamantombazane, badliwa nge-spoon ngobisi obonisiwe, futhi emva nje kwalokho baqala ukunikeza ibhodlela. Kungemva kwezinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisithupha ukuvumela ingane ukuba ibeke esifubeni. Inkambo yezinqubo ze-physiotherapeutic kanye nokwelashwa kwemithi kusiza kahle ekuqedeni izimpawu zokuhlukunyezwa kokubeletha. Uma uhlobo oluthile lokulimala luvela ezinsana, ke imithi ingaboniswa iminyaka eminingana.
Izinkinga ezinsana ezisengozini yokubeletha
Zixhomeke ezintweni eziningi: lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi yomonakalo, kanye nesikhathi sokuphulukiswa, kanye nempilo yokuqala yengane. Umphumela ungase ube (futhi uvame ukwenzeka) uma uthola ukuhlonza isikhathi esifanele futhi ulungile, ukwelashwa okusebenzayo. Ezimweni eziningi, zonke izimpawu ziphelele ezinganeni ezingu-80%. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kungase kube nemiphumela emihle, ekhonjiswe ekubukeleni nasekuseni, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwesimiso semifino. Ngendlela yokwelapha engalungile, umphumela ngezinye izikhathi umphumela omkhulu kakhulu, kuze kuthuthukiswe i-CGD kanye ne-oligophrenia ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-prophylaxis yalesi sifo sabantwana abasha
Njengoba ukulimala kokubeletha kwezinsana kuvela, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokungabi khona oksijini, yonke imizamo yowesifazane okhulelwe kufanele iqondiswe ekuvimbeleni izimo ezinjalo zokugula. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhola impilo esebenzayo futhi enempilo enempilo, ukhohlwa ngemikhuba emibi, ngoba konke lokhu kungathinta ingane. kungcono ukungabi engozini, kunalokho ukufuna imbangela nokulungisa imiphumela.
Udosi lomkhuhlane we-fetus ungathuthuka ngenxa yokulimala emzimbeni womama, ngakho okubaluleke kakhulu ukulungiswa kokukhulelwa kokubili owesifazane yena nomlingani wakhe. Ngisho nangaphambi kokukhulelwe, kuyadingeka ukuthi usebenzise ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha jikelele futhi uphewule ngokushesha zonke izifo ezikhona.
Phakathi nokuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine kwengane, kuyadingeka ukuba uqapha ngokucophelela impilo yakho futhi ngokushesha uthintane nodokotela nganoma yisiphi isifo esiye savela. Owesifazane ngamunye okhulelwe kudingeka abhalise ngokubonisana nowesifazane futhi uhlele ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound ngesikhathi esimisiwe. Lokhu kuzosiza ukubona ngokuhamba kwesikhathi noma yikuphi ukwephulwa kokuthuthukiswa.