I-Ovarian Cysts
Wonke owesifazane onomjikelezo ojwayelekile wokuya esikhathini, kanye ngenyanga, uphila ngokubunjwa kwe-benign cysts ku-ovary - lesi isaka esincane esigcwele uketshezi, noma i-follicle ye-ovari. Uma iqanda liqala ukuvuthwa, liphula futhi lihlanza iqanda, lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa. Kodwa-ke, uma ukuvunguza kungenzeki, lesi sikhwama sikhula, sakha i-cyst okungenani. Ngenxa yokuthi livela ezinhlobonhlobo ezivamile nenyanga yonke iguqula, ibizwa ngokuthi i-cyst esebenzayo, njengombuso, iyanyamalala ngaphambi kokuqala komjikelezo olandelayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kufanele kuphenywe.
Kukhona uhlobo oluthile lwe-cyst olufakwe ku-ovary emva kokuba iqanda lifakwe. Umgudu ugcwele amangqamuzana amasha nemithambo yegazi ukwenza umzimba ophuzi, uveza i-progesterone, ulungiselela isilwane sokukhulelwa. Ngokujwayelekile, imizimba enjalo ephuzi ikhona emasontweni amabili, bese kuthi uma owesifazane ekhulelwa, bakha i-skukozhivayutsya bese benza uhlamvu oluncane. Kodwa-ke, uma i-ovary iphuma negazi ingena endaweni ephuzi, i-cyst ingase idale, ezogcwala igazi. Kuphela manje i-cyst enjalo idlula inyanga ngemva kwesikhathi.
Enye i-cysts ye-ovarian yi-tumors encane egcwele uketshezi, futhi ingaba nezinwele namafutha. Ezinye zazo zigcwele umqubu futhi zikhule zibe ubukhulu bezinyanga ezingu-9 zokukhulelwa.
Kunezinhlobo eziyishumi nambili zama-cysts, futhi kuphela eziyisikhombisa zazo ezisebenzayo, ezidlula ngokwazo ngaphambi kokuba umjikelezo uqale. Uma i-cyst ihlala isikhathi eside, ukuphuma kwegazi nobuhlungu kwenzeka, noma uma kufinyelela esayizi elikhulu, kuzomele uhambe kudokotela. Uma uyihlola nge-ultrasound, ungachaza izinga, ubukhulu kanye nohlobo lwe-cyst.
I-kystynikak eminingi ayibonisi, ngakho-ke ngeke ukwazi ukuthi kusesiswini sakho kuze kudokotela akutshele ngakho ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Kodwa-ke, uma izicubu ze-cystic zifinyelela usayizi omkhulu, zingacindezela isilonda, udonga lwesisu noma esiswini. Njengoba i-cyst enjalo, ubuhlungu nokufelwa yisiyaluyalu kungenzeka. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka ngokushesha kakhulu, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungadlulela isikhathi eside. Yiba noma kunjalo, kufanele uhambe kudokotela ukuze akuhlole.
Ungaba kanjani manje?
Ukuze uqale, uhlele uhambo oluya ku-gynecologist. Uma kulo nyaka awuzange udlule ukuhlolwa, yenzeni manje. Noma yikuphi owesifazane okufanele ahlolwe ku-gynecologist nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Ngaphandle kokuhlola, awufundi ukuthi i-cyst yakho ikhula, kuze kube yilapho ikhulu kakhulu.
Noma yikuphi i-cyst engakaze yanyamalala ngenyanga futhi ikhule ngamaphesenti angama-5, kumfazi oye walondoloza umjikelezo wesimiso noma u-2 cm owesifazane oye wafinyelela esikhathini sokumisa esikhathini, kufanele ahlolwe futhi kunoma yikuphi ukukhishwa, noma ngabe ngabe yikhwalithi enhle. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kungaphuli futhi kungaphenduki futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi lesi yisisu se-cystic esingekho embi. Ngosizo lombala we-ultrasound, ungabona izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-cysts.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abanomkhuba wokuya esikhathini, kungaba nolwazi olubalulekile. Uma abesifazane benemiphumela emihle yokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound nemiphumela emihle yokuhlaziywa kwe-CA-125, khona-ke ingozi yokuthi i-cyst iyoba yinto embi kakhulu kakhulu.
I-laparoscopy ingasusa i-cyst, kodwa kuphela uma ikhulu kakhulu. Kulesi simo, ukuhlinzwa nesigaba sangasese kwesisu kuzokhethwa ngokushesha, ngakho udokotela angakwazi ukuhlola kangcono ama-ovari.
Ngingakwazi yini ukukhipha ama-cysts, futhi ngingabasusi uma benesibindi?
Lokhu akunakwenziwa, ngoba kungabuyiselwa ngemva kokumiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma udokotela ewasusa ngokuphelele, ungawahlola ngokugcwele ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ayilona kabi.
Ingabe kudingekile ukuba wenze i-hysterectomy lapho ususa ama-cysts?
Manje abakwenzi lokhu, kodwa kwakukhona isikhathi lapho benza khona. Noma yikuphi owesifazane oneminyaka engama-20 ubudala omele asebenze ngokuhlinzwa ukuze asuse isibeletho, ngakho esikhathini esizayo akubanga nezinkinga.
Uma owesifazane egula nge-cyst ye-ovari, ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza we-ovari iyakhula?
Ngaphandle kwenetha.Esli owesifazane une-cyst, akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza.
I-Ovarian Cancer
Phakathi kwezifo zomdlavuza, njengesizathu sokufa kwabesifazane, umdlavuza we-ovarian ungowesine. E-America njalo ngonyaka iziguli ezingu-22,000 ezinezifo ezinjalo zibhaliswe. Kulaba besifazane abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-40, umdlavuza we-ovarian awuvamile, kodwa emva kwalokho ingozi yesifo isanda, nakuba kungavamile njengengculaza, i-rectum noma umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ngasekuqaleni kulula kakhulu ukulwa nalo, kodwa empeleni kuyadumaza ngoba, ukuthi kungenzeka ukuyibeka esiteji sokuqala kaningi, nakuba owesifazane oyedwa kuphela oneminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa egula ngalokhu. Lapho, ekugcineni, isikhathi sifika futhi umdlavuza we-ovari uyatholakala, kakade ungena ngokungenakuqondwa kwezinye izitho, ngokungafani nomdlavuza we-endometrial nomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, okhula kancane kancane, angatholakala ngisho nasesiteji esinqunyiwe.
Umdlavuza we-Ovarian umdlavuza omubi, ngoba awunazo izimpawu ekuqaleni kwesikhashana: akukho ubuhlungu, akukho izibonakaliso zokukhathazeka, akukho ukuphuma kwegazi, akukho izicubu ezibonakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esikhathini sethu azikho izindlela ezinhle kakhulu ezingase zisole ukuthuthukiswa kwayo ekuqaleni.
Ungaba kanjani manje?
Njalo ngonyaka, ungakhohlwa ukuvakashela umjozi wezifo zomzimba, ozohlola ama-ovari bese ezwa ubukhulu bawo nokungafani.
Tshela udokotela wakho uma umndeni wakho ube nezicubu ezimbi, ukuze udokotela angakusiza futhi ahlole ngokuphindaphindiwe.
Buza udokotela uma udinga ukuthatha izitho zomzimba zomlomo. Kunolunye ulwazi olubonisa ukuthi uma owesifazane enomlando womndeni wesifo esibi kakhulu, ubeka izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza we-endometrial nomdlavuza we-ovarian cishe ngama-50%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bavikela lo wesifazane iminyaka engaba yishumi nanhlanu emva kokuphela kokuthola kwabo.
Uma wonke umuntu engakwazi ukuthola ukuhlolwa okungabona isakhi esiyiphutha esibangela ukuba abesifazane babe nomdlavuza we-ovari, vumela umgogodla futhi uhlaziye lokhu uma othile emndenini wakho ehlushwa umdlavuza.
Kungani singakwazi ukuthola umdlavuza we-ovarian ekuqaleni?
Ama-ovarie anempilo ajwayelekile aphakathi kwamasentimitha amabili kuphela, atholakala ejulile emgodini wesisu futhi angakwazi ukufinyelela kabanzi kuze kutholakale ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Ngisho ne-ultrasound ayichazi ngaso sonke isikhathi umdlavuza wezinambuzane ezinobungozi, futhi manje azikho izivivinyo ezinhle kakhulu ezingase zibone amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
Kungani umdlavuza we-ovarian uvela?
Odokotela abakwazanga ukubeka izimbangela ezithile. Kodwa-ke, kwaziwa ukuthi abesifazane abangakaze bakhulelwe, ikakhulukazi labo abangavikelwe ebulilini iminyaka eminingi, bangasengozini yomdlavuza we-ovarian. Kunezifundo ezithi ukudla okunomsoco ophezulu kungandisa le ngozi. Kodwa abesifazane-izitshalo bagula umdlavuza we-ovarian nge-40% ngaphansi.
Amalungiselelo okubeletha angabangela umdlavuza we-ovarian?
Kungenzeka ukuthi lokhu kuyinto encane kakhulu, kodwa abesifazane abangenayo ingozi enkulu yokukhula komdlavuza we-ovari. Kube nokucwaninga okuningi ngalokhu, kodwa abazange babonise ukwanda kwenani lama-cancer omzimba olwabazali abathatha izidakamizwa bese bekhulelwa. Kukhona amacala kuphela lapho abesifazane belashwa ngenxa yokungabi nabantwana futhi abazange bakhulelwe, kodwa bahlakulela umdlavuza we-ovarian. Mhlawumbe akusiyo izidakamizwa, kodwa ngenxa yokuphambuka kwabafazi, ngenxa yokuthi owesifazane akakwazi ukukhulelwa, futhi amangqamuzana e-tundra aqala ukusebenza.