Ngaphansi kwe-microscope
Ama-three blades avela ku-blastocyst: ecto-, endo- and mesodermal. Wonke amaseli alesi sigaba a "stem", njengoba akwazi ukwahlukanisa futhi aguqulwe abe yizicubu ezihlukahlukene ezivela emagumbini abo. I-Ectoids isikhumba nesishukela, izitho ezingapheli noma ezingenalutho, zifaka emisipha nasemathambo. Yingakho ososayensi bathanda ukubiza ama-stem cells "wonke amandla". Ngosizo lwabo, kungenzeka ukudala izicubu ezisha futhi ezihamba phambili, nezinhliziyo zenhliziyo, nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezicubu. Lokhu kuyi-revolution ngempela kwezokwelapha, eye yashintsha izindlela zokwelashwa kwezifo ezibi kakhulu.
Ososayensi emhlabeni wonke bangeze ohlwini lwezifo ezingaphathwa ngama-stem cells njalo ngonyaka.
Imfihlakalo Yokuziphilisa
Uma "ukuphazamiseka" kwenzeka emzimbeni, basezindaweni ezithintekile futhi "bahlanganisa" umgodi. Imvelo ngokwayo ibeke indlela yokubuyisela eyingqayizivele emzimbeni womuntu! Ngakho-ke, emva kokuwela emngceleni weminyaka engamashumi amathathu, sinezimpawu ezibonakalayo nezinwele ezimpunga ebusweni bethu, sibopha inhliziyo, futhi siyaqhubeka sibhekela kudokotela? Isizathu ukuthi ekukhuleni, ukwehla okubi ekukhiqizweni kwamaseli ase-stem kuyabonakala: ekuzalweni, i-stem cell ihlangana no-10 000 "ojwayelekile", eminyakeni engu-20-25 - ngamakhulu ayikhulu, kuya ku-30 - ngamakhulu ayizinkulungwane ezingu-300. Ngineminyaka engama-50, kuphela 1 stem cell ngayinye engama-500,000 ehlala emzimbeni, futhi kule minyaka, njengamanje, sekukhona izifo ezinzima ukuphilisa, futhi usizo olunzulu oluvela ngaphandle luyadingeka. Futhi ngenxa yama-stem cells, ungakwazi ukunweba impilo yakho!
Uma lesi sifo sifinyelela amangqamuzana esigijimela sisuke sigijimela esakhiweni esithintekile futhi siyabuyisela, siguqule emangqamuzaneni asemzimbeni - amathambo, isibindi, imisipha yenhliziyo, ngisho nobuchopho.
"Umuthi" wezokwelapha zegolide
"Umthombo" oyingqayizivele wamaseli ase-stem yi-strings embilical cord igazi eqoqwe kusuka emgqeni womzimba kanye ne-placenta ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane. Igazi lekhanda liyingxenye ethile yegazi, eliyi-biologically elinomntwana osanda kuzalwa. Kuyimbangela kuye esikhathini sokungena kwe-intrauterine ukuthi izinto zithintana phakathi kwe-fetus nonina. Kuze kube sekupheleni kwezingu-90, igazi lokugcina nelokugcina lithunyelwa "ekuvuseleleni kabusha". Namuhla, isimo sengqondo kulokhu sishintshile ngokuphawulekayo. Futhi hhayi ngeze. Sihlukanisa izinzuzo eziningana ezingenakuphikwa kwegazi lomthambo we-umbilical. Iqukethe inani elikhulu lama cell stem. Banekhono elingaphezu kwamaseli omdala, okuhlukile, isibonelo, kusuka emnothweni wethambo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokwenza isampula yegazi intambo ayilimazi umama noma umntwana, akusizi kahle futhi kuphephile. Futhi, ekugcineni, yonke inqubo yesampuli, ukuhlola nokucubungula kuningi, eshibhile kunokuba uthole ama-stem cells ngenye indlela. Yiziphi amaseli azothatha amasosha omzimba ngokushesha? Ngokuqinisekile, eyabo. Ingozi yokwenqatshelwa ayilutho, futhi uma ukwelashwa ngamaseli a-stem, umuntu angakwandisa ukuphila!
Ithiphu
Ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo sokugcina ngokuqondene nesitembu esithile se-stem, qiniseka ukuthi uya khona futhi uzibonele.
Usuku lokuphela kwesikhathi
Ibhange elibi kakhulu legazi le-bloodline akuyona nje "umgodi we-nitrogen". Ukwakhiwa kwalo, okuzohlangana nazo zonke izidingo zesimanje zaseRussia nezizwe, kuyinkimbinkimbi. Futhi akusho neze eshibhile. Izinhlangano ezinkulu kakhulu kuphela ezingakwazi ukukhokhela lokhu.
Uzohlala kuphi?
Ibhange liphoqelekile ukuba libe nekhono elifanele le-laboratory kanye nezimo zokugcina zezinto ezisetshenziswa ngamaselula. Ubuchwepheshe bokuthola amaseli kumele bubhaliswe futhi buvunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha.
Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko sokuthembeka kwebhange ukutholakala kwelayisensi evela eRosHydrodzor (owayekade enguMnyango wezeMpilo), ngaphandle kwalokhu umsebenzi osemthethweni walesi sikhungo ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka.
I-Cord Blood Collection
Cishe bonke ababelethisi eMoscow nasesifundazweni saseMoscow sebevele banolwazi ekuqoqeni igazi lezintambo. Ibhange lapho umama wesikhathi esizayo ephetha isivumelwano, amnika isitsha esikhethekile ezandleni zakhe noma asidlulisele esibhedlela. Uma kunesidingo, inhlangano ithumela isazi sokuqoqa nokubonisana. Wena noma izihlobo zakho eziseduze kudinga ukubiza kuphela isikhungo esikhethiwe bese ubatshela ukuthi uye esibhedlela (noma uthathe isitsha nawe futhi uhlele nababelethisi). I-sampling yegazi iyenziwa ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane nokunciphisa intambo yomzimba. Akuyona yingozi, hhayi kumntwana, noma kumama, le nqubo. Igazi liqoqwe esitsheni nge-anticoagulant (i-anti-coagulation agent) futhi ithunyelwe ku-laboratory ekhethekile yokwelapha. Inqubo yezidakamizwa yenziwa kakhulu kangangokuthi iqhutshwa kokubili ngesikhathi sokuzalwa okujwayelekile nangaphansi kwesigaba se-cearean, futhi uma kwenzeka ukukhulelwa okuhlukene kuleyo nenye yezingane ezizalwa.
Ezimweni ezithile, amaseli asezintweni zomtholampilo asetshenziselwa ukuphatha izihlobo eziseduze. Kunamathuba aphezulu ukuthi amangqamuzana omzimba wabazali noma izingane azohambisana nezinye izingane, abafowabo nodadewabo.
Inani lombuzo
Ukukhokhwa kwesitoreji samaseli stem kuthathwe ngemuva kokusayina kwesenzo ekuhlinzekeni kwezinsizakalo nokukhishwa kwesitifiketi. Kuyizinhlamvu ezingu-3000 ngenyanga. Izaphulelo kanye nokukhokha ngezitolimende kungenzeka. Uma unquma ukugcina ama-stem cells, ungangabazi ukubuza imibuzo kubaphathi.
Amakhasimende angenzeka
Odokotela batusa ngokucophelela ukuthi ucabange ngokucophelela ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukulondolozwa kwamangqamuzana egazi lezintambo, uma ...
Emlandweni womndeni wakho kwakukhona izifo ezibulalayo noma izifo zegazi. Umndeni usuvele unezingane ezigulayo, ezingaphathwa ngama-stem cells avela egazini legazi lomfowenu noma udade osanda kuzalwa.
Kodwa khumbula ukuthi imitholampilo yangasese ayinayo futhi ayikwazi ukuvunyelwa kulo msebenzi!
Uma igazi ligcinwa kuma-cryovial ahlukene, lingasetshenziswa izikhathi eziningana. I-Cryoshell ingabanda futhi ingashenywa kanye kuphela.
Ubuqili bezomthetho
1. Njengamanje, ezweni lakithi cishe akusikho inkundla esemthethweni, ngaphakathi lapho kungenzeka khona ukusebenzisa ngokukhululekile amaseli e-stem. Okungenani noma ngaphansi, umthetho ulawula ukusetshenziswa kwamaseli omnyo we-bone, intambo yegazi ukuze ukwelashwa i-leukemia nezinye izifo ezingavamile. Izindlela ezisele kufanele zenziwe kumasevisi ocwaningo olusesigaba sephrofayela kahulumeni, noma ezinhlanganweni ezinelayisensi ehambelanayo.
2. Noma yimuphi indlela entsha yokwelapha, kuhlanganise nokusetshenziswa kwamaseli a-stem, kufanele avunywe ngokufanele yiziphathimandla zokuphatha. Isisekelo sokwenza ukusetshenziswa kwama-stem cells sichazwa ezingeni lomnyango (yi-Academy of Sciences kanye noMnyango wezeMpilo).
3. Ukuhlelwa kukaMnyango wezeMpilo kuchaza ububanzi bezikhungo zesayensi ezigunyaziwe kuma laboratories azo aqinisekisiwe ukuthola nokusebenzisa amasiko weselula. Ngakho-ke, leyo mitholampilo engahambisani nalezi zimo isebenza ngengozi yayo futhi ingozi. Iziguli zabo azikho ngaphansi kanzima: zingase zibe izisulu zokukhwabanisa futhi zinciphise impilo yazo. "Izitatimende ezicacile zokuthi akukho nengozi uma ukusebenzisa ama-stem cell akufanelekile. Ukusetshenziswa okungafundiwe kobuchwepheshe beselula ngokuphambene nakho kungalimaza impilo yabantu.