Ngomthetho, ukunakekelwa noma ukunakekelwa kusekwe phezu kwazo zonke izingane ezishiywe ngaphandle kokunakekelwa kwabazali. Ukuqinisekiswa kusekwe phezu kwezingane kuze kube neminyaka engu-14, nokugcinwa - ngaphezu kwezingane ezineminyaka engu-14 kuya kweyishumi nane.
Lapho ukhulisa izingane ezintandane, umgcini uhulumeni. Ngeshwa, ukukhuliswa kwezingane ezintandane ngokwakho kunemiphumela eminingi yokushiyeka futhi kukhuliswa yizindleko zesistimu yamanje. Kwezinye izindlu zezintandane, izingane ezingaphezulu kwekhulu zikhuliswe. Ukukhuliswa okunjalo kungcono kakhulu njengokubeletha, ngokuvamile izingane ezivela ezintandane azikho indlela yokuphila ngaphandle kwezindonga zayo. Abanalo ukubunjwa kwamanye amakhono omphakathi. Naphezu kokuthi iziqu zezingane ezinamakhaya ezintandane zizama ukwakha imindeni yabo, noma ngabe yikuphi ukungashiyi izingane zabo, ngokusho kwezibalo, ngaphezu kuka-17% wezakhamuzi zamanje ezinamakhaya ezintandane - abameleli besizukulwane sesibili esishiye ngaphandle kwabazali. Emazini abantwana, izihlobo zomndeni phakathi kwabazalwane nodade zivame ukubhujiswa: izingane ezineminyaka ehlukene zivame ukufakwa ezikhungweni ezahlukene, enye yezingane idluliselwa kwenye indawo njengesijeziso sokuziphatha okubi noma isifundo. Abafowethu nodade bangaphinde bahlukane uma omunye wezingane ezamukelwa.
Kunezinhlobo ezinjalo zokukhuliswa kwezingane, njengemindeni-ama-trustees kanye nemindeni emakhaya.
Ukungena esitokisini akukwazi ukulingana nokutholwa kunoma yimuphi umqondo wezomthetho noma wokuziphatha. Iqiniso lokuthi izingane zigcinwe esitokisini aziqedi abazali bazo zangempela esibopho sokusekela izingane. Abalondolozi bakhokhelwa isabelo sezingane, kepha kubhekwa ukuthi umphathiswa uqhuba imisebenzi yakhe mahhala. Ingane ngaphansi kokunakekelwa ingaphila endaweni yabo yokuhlala noma ndawonye nabazali bayo bangempela. Lapho ukhetha umuntu njengomphathiswa, isimo sakhe sokuziphatha nokuziphatha okuye kwavela phakathi komgcini kanye nomntwana, kanye naphakathi kwamalungu omndeni wesigceme kanye nengane, kucatshangelwa. Inzuzo yalendlela yokunakekela izingane eziyizintandane ukuthi ukuba ngumphathiswa kubelula kakhulu kunokuthatha ingane. Phela, ngezinye izikhathi kunezimo lapho umndeni ungenakuthatha ingane entandane ngoba abazali bakhe bangamniki amalungelo omzali wengane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umphathiswa akakwazi njalo ukwenza ithonya elanele kwengane futhi angeke abe ngumzali okhulisayo. Leli fomu lokukhulisa izingane alifaneleki kubantu abathintekayo ekukhulisweni kwengane ukuze bashintshe ukungabikho kwezingane zasemakhaya.
Imindeni eyizintandane yaqokwa ngokomthetho ngo-1996. Uma udlulisela ingane emndenini okhulayo, inkontileka yokudlulisa ingane isetshenziselwa phakathi komndeni okhulayo kanye negunya lokugcina. Abazali abathandekayo bakhokhelwa ukugcinwa kwengane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abazali ababeletha banikezwa izaphulelo zezinsiza, amaholide adlulisiwe, izaphulelo ezithandwayo ze-sanatorium, njll. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abazali ababelethi kumele bagcine irekhodi lemali eyabelwe ingane ngokubhala futhi banikele umbiko wonyaka ngemali. Kunzima kakhulu emndenini okhulayo ukuba uthathe ingane enempilo engafanele, noma ingane ekhubazekile, ngoba lokhu kuyadingeka ukufeza izimo eziningi ezidingekayo emibhalweni yezimali nangansuku zonke. Noma kunjalo, umndeni okhulile ungaba ukhetho olungcono kwengane kunananincandane.
Njengoba abantu abavame ukuzama ukuthola izingane noma ukuziyisa emindenini yabo, futhi ukukhulisa emakhaya ezinhlobo ezijwayelekile kunamaphutha amaningi ebuhlotsheni bokufundisa kanye nangokwengqondo, kuvela inguqulo ephakathi-izakhamuzi ze-SOS. Umzana wokuqala weSOS wavulwa e-Austria ngo-1949. Umzana uyisakhiwo sezingane kusukela ezindlini eziningana. Endlini ngayinye kunomndeni wezingane ezingu-6-8 kanye "nomama". Ngaphezu kokuthi "umama", izingane nazo zinomama "," okushiya umama ngezimpelasonto nangamaholide. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izindlu azibuki okufanayo, unina wendlu yonke uthola imali ngokuhlelwa kwayo, futhi uthenga zonke izinto endlini. Leli fomu lemfundo lisondele emfundweni emndenini, kodwa namanje kunesiphambeko - abantwana banqatshelwe uyise. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke bakwazi ukuthola amakhono angokwengqondo ekusebenzelaneni namadoda, futhi ngeke abone isibonelo sendlela amadoda aziphatha ngayo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.
Ngokuqondene nazo zonke izinhlobo zokukhuliswa kwezingane ezishiye ngaphandle kwabazali, ukutholwa noma ukutholwa kwamanje kusalokhu kubaluleke kakhulu futhi kungcono kakhulu ifomu lomntwana. Ukwamukelwa phakathi komntwana nabazali abamukelayo kubeka ubuhlobo obufanayo bomthetho kanye nengqondo phakathi kwabazali nengane. Inikeza izingane ezamukelwe ithuba lokuba nezimo zokuphila ezifanayo kanye nokwakhiwa okufanayo njengomndeni wakubo.