I-indoor plant i-kalateia

I-genus yezitshalo, okuthiwa i-Kalatea (ngesiLatini izwakala njengeCalathea G. Mey.) Ingabe uhlobo olubanzi kunazo zonke zezitshalo zomndeni waseMarantaceae (ngesiLatin - Marantaceae). Kuhlanganisa, cishe, izinhlobo eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu zezitshalo ezisakazwa kuwo wonke amaTropiki eNingizimu Melika.

Ngesinye isikhathi, amaqabunga alawo zitshalo asetshenziselwa ukugqoka. Mhlawumbe, igama lomndeni lisuswa lapha. NgesiGreki, igama elithi calathos lisho "ibhasikidi".

Lokhu ikakhulukazi izitshalo ze-herbaceous. Bhekisela ekupheleni. Amaqabunga e-calatea ayinkulu, atholakala empandeni, anezintanjane zombala nembala omangalisayo. Izimbali ze-kalatei ezinamalungu amathathu. Umbala ungahluka: umhlophe, ophuzi, obomvu. Izimbali ziqoqwe ngefomu le-inflorescences (elibizwa nge-spiked tiers). Kungaba i-apical noma i-axillary.

I-Marantha yinto engcono kune-kalatei, ngokuqondene nomswakama womoya, kodwa bayayidinga nayo. Lesi sitshalo siyaphikisana nezinguquko zokushisa. Kuyoba kuhle uma ufaka i-kalatea efasiteleni lewindi elivaliwe.

I-kalateya yase-Indoor isondeza umnikazi wayo ngezimbali, ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini zasehlobo.

Kalatei: ukunakekela izitshalo.

I-Kalatea yisitshalo esivunyelwe kahle ngesithunzi. Kuzizwa kahle ngehlobo lokukhanyisa, ikakhulukazi uma likhanya. Ebusika, futhi, isitshalo kumele sinikeze ukukhanya okuhle okuhlakazekile. Ezinsukwini zasentwasahlobo nasekwindla isitshalo asibekezeleli ukukhanya okuqondile. Umbala nobukhulu bamaqabunga okuhlobisa kuxhomeke ekusebenzeni kahle kwe-kalatea emisebeni eqondile. Ngokukhanya okukhulu okukhanya, amaqabunga angahle alahlekelwe umbala, futhi amaqabunga angabuye alahlekelwe ngosayizi.

Izitshalo zizizwa zihle emafasiteleni ezinkomba ezisentshonalanga nasempumalanga. Uma isitshalo sisefasitela eliseningizimu, kufanele kube yi-pritenyat. Khulisa i-kalatei futhi ngokukhanya okufakelwayo (ngezibani ze-fluorescent - kufika kumahora angu-16).

Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, izinga lokushisa kwe-kalatei kufanele libe sezingeni lama-22-30 degrees. Ebusuku kunciphisa kancane. Ebusika, izinga lokushisa akufanele liwehlele ngisho nasezigidini ezingu-18, kodwa futhi lidlule amadigri angu-25, futhi. Lesi sitshalo sibucayi ku-drafts nokushisa okushisa. Ukushisa komhlaba ebhodweni kufanele kube ezingeni lika-degrees angu-20, futhi ngesikhathi sasehlobo - 22. Uma izimpande zine-supercooled, zingase zife.

Ukuphuza i-kalateya yezitshalo kumele kube nokuningi, ukuchelela okuphindaphindiwe kufanele kwenziwe uma izingxenye eziphezulu zobumba zome. Ezinsukwini zasekwindla nasebusika, amanzi kufanele abe ngaphansi. Kubalulekile ukubuka ngokucophelela ukuthi ungagcini umhlabathi ebhodweni futhi ungadluli. Futhi, ungadli izimpande. Ukuphuza ngokweqile kunazo zonke yi-Makoya kalatei.

I-kalatee idinga umswakama ophezulu - amaphesenti angu-90. Kufanele ihlungwe kahle unyaka wonke. Kulokhu, amanzi kumele asetshenziswe yilowo okwazi ukulungisa. Kungcono uma kuhlungiwe. Amahlamvu akufanele athole amaconsi amakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho ukunyamala kungenzeka.

Uma lesi sitshalo sisegumbini elinomswakama ophansi, isitshalo kumele siphonswe kaningi - kuze kube izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku. Ukuze ukwandise umswakama, ungafaka imbiza yaseGalatea ngephale ngamanzi amanzi, amahlumela. Kodwa kumele siqinisekise ukuthi phansi akufinyeleli emanzini. Ukuze ugcine umswakama ophezulu ebusuku, kubalulekile ukufaka amaphakheji e-polyethylene esitshalweni. Kalatei uzizwa kahle e-teplichkah, ezindaweni zokuhlala.

Ukondla i-kalatei kuyadingeka kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zasentwasahlobo kuya ekwindla ejulile kanye emasontweni ambalwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, noma iyiphi imanyolo yemifino iyasiza. Ebusika, ukukhulelwa kufanele kunciphise futhi kwenziwe kanye ngenyanga nonyaka. Kubi uma kune-overabundance yamakhemikhali e-nitrogen ne-calcium enhlabathini.

Uma lesi sitshalo sesisendlini sisencane, kufanele sitshalwe njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-12. I-kalatei eqoshiwe ifakwe, ikakhulukazi ehlobo noma ekhanda elingenhla, kanye neminyaka embalwa. Lapho isitshalo sesitshalwe, amaqabunga endala asusiwe. Amakhono okutshala i-kalatei ayidingi kakhulu. Inhlabathi kumele ibe yinto evulekile, i-humus, i-weakidi acidic (i-pH kuya kwezinga 6). Yebo, uma ingxube yomhlaba iyoba nezingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba weqabunga uhlobo, ingxenye yesihlabathi kanye ne-peat. Emhlabathini ungakwazi ukwengeza amalahle esihlahleni. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuba wenze umhlabathi wokufakelwa kwezitshalo ngokuzimela, ungasebenzisa umhlaba esitolo. Lesi sitshalo sidinga amanzi ahlelwe kahle.

Ukukhiqizwa kwesitshalo.

1. Imbewu;
2. Ngokuhlukaniswa kwama-rhizomes.

I-Kalatei yakha ama-nodules nama-rhizomes. Lapho befika emphakathini omdala, ama-rhizomes aqala ukushayela. Uma ukufakelwa kabusha, bahlukaniswe kahle. Isitshalo esikhulu singahlukaniswa kalula sibe umbhangqwana omusha. Uma uvimba, qiniseka ukuthi izimpande azilimazanga. Kumele sihlanyele emhlabathini ngesisekelo se-peat. Ngemuva kokuthi kumele ithulwe ngamanzi abandayo bese yenza izingqimba eziphezulu, bese uphuza amanzi. Izimbiza kufanele zifakwe esikhwameni se-polyethylene bese zidluliselwa endaweni efudumele. Lapho-ke lesi sitshalo kumele simile size siqina.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka ekukhuleni kalatei.

1. Ukukhula kwesitshalo kuncipha, amaphuzu amahlamvu asundu. Isizathu singase sibe umoya omile.
2. Amasu amaqabunga abe umbala ophuzi obomvu. Isizathu - ukungabi khona kwezakhi zomhlaba phansi noma ukukhululeka kwazo.
3. Amaqabunga ahlanganiswe namabala futhi avame ukugoqa. Kwenzeka ngenxa yokungabi nomswakama emhlabathini.
4. Iziqu ziyabuna futhi zibola. Isizathu sokushisa okuphansi kakhulu nokukhuphuka komswakama.
5. Amahlamvu aqala ukuwa. Isizathu - ekamelweni elomile emoyeni, ukuphuza ngokweqile njalo. Inhlabathi ayivunyelwe ukuba inhlabathi.
6. Amaphelethi abuna futhi alahlekelwe umbala wawo. Isizathu siwukukhanya okukhulu kwelanga.

Lesi sitshalo singalimala yi-spider mite, i-whitefly, kanye ne-scaly kanye ne-mealybug.