Isitshalo ngasinye sinomuntu siqu, izidingo zayo nezidingo zayo. Kodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izitshalo zasendlini zinakekelwa kahle, akudingekile ukuba ube yi-botanist ochwepheshe, ulwazi oluyisisekelo lokuthi yini izitshalo zakho ezidinga ngokwanele ukuzisiza zikhule ziphilile futhi zinhle. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngalokho izifo nezinambuzane zezindlu zokuhlala zingathinta ngokungajabuli ukuphila kwazo.
Cishe zonke izifo zezitshalo zasendlini zenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya lezimo ezingokwemvelo - ukungondleki ngokwanele, umswakama ngokweqile noma umoya omile, izimo zokushisa ezingafaneleki, ngenxa yezinga eliphansi lomhlabathi. Izifo ezinjalo azikwazi ukudluliselwa kwezinye izitshalo. Ukunganelisi komoya umswakama kungenye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zezifo ezihlukahlukene. Imoya eyomile yindawo enhle yokuthuthukiswa kwezinambuzane, njenge-thrips kanye nezinambuzane zesicabucabu. Ukuphakamisa umoya kungaba ukusifiphaza umoya ngamanzi. Kumele kuthiwa ukuphuza izitshalo ngamanzi abandayo, ubeka ingozi yokubangela isifo senqubo yezimpande. Ukushisa okukhulu kwamanzi okunisela izitshalo zasendlini yiziqu eziyi-3-4 ngaphezu kwekamelo lokushisa. Ngokuvamile, izitshalo zasendlini zitholakala ezifweni ezilandelayo. Umkhuhlane we-Powdery - ukuthuthukiswa kwawo kukhuthazwa imvelo eyomile nefudumele. Uma kwenzeka, ukugqoka okumhlophe kuvela kumaqabunga, izinso noma amahlumela, okukhishwa kalula. Ngokunqotshwa okunamandla kwe-powdery isikhutha, ingxenye yesitshalo iphenduka emnyama futhi ife. Ukuze uphulukise isitshalo esithintekile, kufanele kube yedwa, ususe amaqabunga abathintekayo noma ezinye izingxenye zesitshalo bese uchithelwa ngamalungiselelo alesi sulfur. Lesi sifo "umlenze omnyama", njengombuso, sithinta ama-cuttings e-stalk, ikakhulukazi atholakala ku-pelargonium. Lesi sifo sibangelwa inhlabathi enomanzi noma ehlanganisiwe, okuvimbela amanzi. Lapho lesi sifo, ngenxa yesenzo se-Botrytis fungus, sishaya isisekelo se-cuttings. Indlela yokulwa, nesifo kanje: kubalulekile ukususa isiqu esithintekayo, futhi ekutshalweni okulandelayo, qinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi ayinamanzi kakhulu. Ukubola kwezitshalo, okubangelwa yi-fungus, kungasakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu esitshalweni sonke, futhi kuholele ekufeni kwayo. Ngalesi sifo, umqhele noma ingxenye noma isisekelo se-stem iyaba lula, futhi iqala ukubola. Uma i-fungus ishaye isitshalo esikhulu, kufanele ilahlwe nenhlabathi nembiza. Esikhathini sokuqala sesifo, isitshalo singasindiswa ngokususa zonke izingxenye ezithintekayo. Esikhathini esizayo, ungagcini kakhulu umhlabathi, uvuselele igumbi njalo futhi ungafaki isitshalo emazingeni aphansi okushisa. Ukutholakala kweLeaf kungase kube fungal noma amabhaktheriya emvelo. Lapho lesi sitshalo sesonakalisiwe, ama-brown maculae angabonakala emaqabeni awo. Lapho lesi sifo sithuthuka, amabala akhula futhi ahlangane, ahlasela lonke iqabunga. Ukuze ulondoloze isitshalo kulesi sifo, amaqabunga abathintekayo kudingeka asuswe futhi ashiswe, okwesikhashana ukunciphisa ukuchelela nokufiphaza isitshalo nge-fungicide systemic. Akuyona into eyingozi kakhulu empilweni yezitshalo yizinambuzane zezindlu. Kubonakala sengathi bangayithola kanjani izitshalo zasendlini, uma ivikelekile ngaphandle kwemvelo ngefasitela yamafasitela? Izinambuzane zingabonakala ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungafanele kwezitshalo, noma uma uthola isitshalo esithathelelekile. Ukuvimbela ukubukeka kwezinambuzane, qinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi yokufakelwa kwezitshalo iphephile. Ngokuvamile, inhlabathi engathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile ihlangabezana nazo zonke izimo ezidingekayo zokuphila okuvamile kwezitshalo, kodwa ingxube yokwenza umquba kanye nemifino yasensimini ingavele isenwe yizilokazane. Uma ngokungazelelwe uthole ukuthi enye yezitshalo iphethwe yizilokazane, zihlukanise nazo zonke ezinye, ukuthi izinambuzane azikwazanga ukushaya izitshalo ezinempilo. Uma kunokwenzeka, susa izingxenye zesitshalo ezithinteka kakhulu yizinambuzane futhi uphathe lesi sitshalo nge-fungicide systemic. Ungakhohlwa ukusula indawo lapho isitshalo khona, izinambuzane zingaphila khona isikhathi eside. Ngokuvamile isitshalo sitheleleke nge-aphid - inambuzane encane ye-orange, igrey noma umbala omnyama. Ngokuvamile, i-aphid ithinta izitshalo ezinamatheksi athambile, esiphuza ijusi kusukela emaceleni amahlumela namafihlekile. Ukwelapha isitshalo kudingekile ukuyihlanza ngamalungiselelo aqukethe i-permethrin. Omiyane beMushroom. Abantu abadala balezi zinambuzane ezihamba ngezinyawo azungeze lutho, futhi izibungu zazo ezincane ziyingozi kulo mkhakha. Abadli izitshalo zomzimba kuphela emhlabathini, kodwa futhi bayakwazi ukuqeda izimpande zezitshalo ezincane. Ukuziqeda, kunconywa ukuba uchithe inhlabathi nge-insecticide. Enye inkathazo, ngokuvamile ihlasela i-begonia, i-fuchsia, i-pelargonium ne-balsam - i-whitefly yezinambuzane. Izibungu zazo zivame ukugcwalisa ingxenye engezansi yamaqabunga, ukuphuza umusi bese ushiya ukukhishwa kweshukela. Izindawo ezithintekile zeqabunga noma iqabunga liphenduka ngokuphuzi futhi ngokushesha liyamalala. I-whitefly iyanda ngokushesha kakhulu, futhi kunzima ukulwa nayo. Kunconywa ukuthi ufake izitshalo ngezikhathi ezinsukwini ezintathu, nomuthi ovumelekile. Isihlangu. Izihlangu ziyizinhlobo ezincane ezibomvu ezinamathele emithanjeni engaphansi kweqabunga. Ngenxa yesihlangu se-wax, izinambuzane ezindala zivikelwe emiphumeleni yezinambuzane eziphilayo. Lesi sihlangu singasuswa kalula nge-swab yekotini noma indwangu ebomvu, futhi ngemuva kokususwa kwesitshalo kufanele ifafazwe nge-insecticide yesistimu. Lapho lesi sitshalo sithinteka kakhulu, kunzima kakhulu noma kunzima ukulwa ne-scabbard.
Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi izitshalo zakho zihlala ziphilile futhi zingenwe igciwane nezifo nezinambuzane, ungayinaki ukunakekelwa kwazo njalo, zivame ukuhlola iziqu, amaqabunga kanye namafihlethi futhi uvuselele igumbi nezitshalo zakho zasendlini zizokujabulisa ngokuhle nobuhle bazo.