Indlela yokwenza izakhi zokubeletha kwe-hormonal:
- ukucindezelwa kwe-ovulation. Ngendlela yokwakhiwa okungalungile, i-progestogen ivimba ama-hormone e-follicle-stimulating and luteininizing. Ukungabikho kwezingqimba ze-FSH ne-LH akubandakanyi ukuthi kungenzeka ukuvota. I-ethinyl estradiol kanye nama-progestogens anciphisa i-folliculogenesis ema-ovari;
- ukwandisa i-viscosity ye-secretion yomlomo wesibeletho. I-Progestogens ishintsha izici ze-biochemical futhi inqanda umqubu womlomo wesibeletho, okwenza umgoqo ekuhambeni kwe-spermatozoa emgodini wesibeletho;
- izinguquko ku-endometrium eziphazamisa ukufakelwa kweqanda. Ama-progestogens avimbela ukwanda kwamaseli e-endometrili, okwenza ushintsho olungasese lwe-secretory. Ngisho noma ukuvuthwa nokukhulelwa kwenzeka, ukukhulelwa akuqhubeki;
- ukunciphisa ukufuduka kwamaqanda nokunciphisa ukuvumelanisa kwezigubhu ze-fallopian. I-Progestogens iphuza i-peristalsis yamatayipi.
Indlela yokwenza isisu esiphuthumayo (Escapel, Postinor):
Ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokuphulwa kokuphuthumayo oluphuthumayo lungatholakala lapha.
- ukuvimbela ukuvota, ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa;
- Shintsha ku-endometrium, uvimbele ukufakwa kweqanda elikhulelwe.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezizalo zokubeletha kwe-hormonal:
- Endleleni yokungenelela kwe-hormone egazini legazi:
- ukugxila ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ama-capsules ama-Flexible (amamitha angu-35X2,5), ekhulula ama-hormone afakwa egazini, edala ukuhlushwa okuqhubekayo;
- ama-ampoules. Izijovo zenziwa kanye emva kwezinsuku ezingu-45-75;
- amaphilisi.
- Ukwakhiwa kwamahomoni:
- amaphilisi ahlangene: isigaba esisodwa (phakathi nomjikelezo (ezinsukwini ezingu-21) inani elithile lamagestagens nama-estrogens angena emzimbeni wesifazane), i-biphasic (engxenyeni yokuqala yomjikelezo, amaphilisi anezinto ezincane zamagestagens asetshenziselwa ukulinganisa ukuchithwa kwemvelo kwemvelo ye-hormone), isigaba sesithathu (aqukethe ama-hormone ahlukene ukuthola ukwamukela okulandelanayo, okukuvumela ukuba uphendule ngokunembile umzimba we-body body);
- engavunyelwe ("i-mini-drank"). Iqukethe ama-gestagens kuphela.
- Ukulinganisa nsuku zonke kwesakhi se-estrogen:
- I-microdosed (iqukethe i-20 mg / i-ethinyl estradiol);
- isilinganiso esincane (30-35 μg / day ethinyl estradiol);
- i-high dose (50 mcg / day ethinyl estradiol).
Ukwelashwa kwe-hormonal: imiyalelo yokusetshenziswa
Ngokuba izinhlelo zokukhishwa kwendandatho / i-hormonal yokuvimbela ukukhulelwa: i-patch yokukhulelwa inamathela ezinsukwini ezingu-7 (ama-patches amathathu ngephakheji ngalinye).
I-COC monophasic: amaphilisi angu-21 ombala ofanayo ku-blister.
Ngokuba "i-mini-drank": amaphilisi angu-21/28 ombala ofanayo ku-blister.
Kulungile kwesigaba esithathu: amaphilisi angu-21/28 emibala ehlukene ebhaleni.
Umphumela wokukhulelwa utholakala ngokushintsha izici zokwehliswa komlomo wesibeletho kanye nokususwa kwe-ovulation. Kulungile futhi "ama-minipili" athathwa ngaphakathi, nsuku zonke ngesikhathi esithize, elandela umyalelo oshiwo ephaketheni. Isilinganiso esimaphakathi: ithebhulethi kanye namahora angu-24, ngezinsuku ezingu-21. Iphakheji elilandelayo kufanele liqalwe ngemuva kwekhefu elilodwa leviki, lapho ukukhansela kwegazi kuqala khona. Isimiso sokwamukelwa: amaviki amathathu - ukwamukela ama-dragees, isonto eli-1 - ikhefu.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Hormonal: contraindications ngokuphelele
- isifo somfutho wegazi ophezulu, izifo ezingezinkinga zezifo zenhliziyo, amadivaysi e-valve engavamile, umlando wokuhlasela kwenhliziyo;
- izifo ze-thromboembolic, imivimbo ye-cerebrovascular, thrombophlebitis;
- ukuphazamiseka kokusakaza kwe-cerebral, migraine;
- ukungenelela okusebenzayo nokusimiswa okwesikhashana;
- isifo sikashukela, isifo sofuba esinamandla, izifo zesikhumba esibi;
- izicubu zesibindi (ezinobungozi / ezimbi), isifo se-cirrhosis esibindiwe;
- Ukubhema (ama-cigaretti angu-15 noma ngaphezulu ngosuku) eneminyaka engu-35 nangaphezulu;
- ukukhwabanisa, ukukhulelwa, ukuchithwa kwesidumbu se-uterine, ukuqotshwa okungapheli, ukwehluleka kwesibeletho;
- izifo ezinzima zezingxenye zomzimba we-genesis enzima;
- I-neoplasms enokwethenjelwa / ye-hormone esekelwe ohlelweni lokuzala;
- uketshezi kwamanzi we-etiology engaziwa.
Imiphumela emithinta imithi yokwelashwa kwe-hormonal:
- ukwehluleka kwe-estrogen: ukuhamba esikhathini esincane, ukuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi, i-amenorrhea, i-hypoplasia kwesibeletho, i-kraurosis ye-vulva, "ukushisa okushisayo", ukucasula;
- I-estrogens eyengeziwe: ukugcinwa kwamanzi kagesi, i-nausea, i-chloasma, ukuhamba esikhathini esibuhlungu, ukuvama emithonjeni ye-mammary, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-migraine, ikhanda, isifo sikashukela esasifinyelele;
- Ukuntuleka kweprogesterone: i-amenorrhea, ukuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi, ukuhamba esikhathini eside;
- i-progesterone excess: izifo ezicindezelayo, ikhanda, i-alopecia, isikhumba samafutha, induna, amenorrhea, ukuzuza kwesisindo / isifiso, kunciphise i-libido.
I-algorithm yokukhetha ukwelashwa kwe-hormonal:
- Ukuze kudlule noma kwenzeke ukuhlolelwa ukukhipha ukuphikisana kokuthola ama-hormone;
- Isidakamizwa sokuzikhethela kokuqala yi-OK monophasic nge-gestagen ephansi ye-androgenic kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-ethinylestradiol engaphezu kuka-35 μg / ngosuku ( Regulon , Janine );
- izidakamizwa ezikhethwe iziguli ezine-estrogen eyanele - isigaba esilandelayo (OK-Diane-35, Tri-Mercy);
- phambi kwe-acne, i-hyperandrogenia amaphilisi e-monophasic ane-antiandrogenic isenzo (Lindineth, Yarina , Logest);
- enegazi elingasebenzi, i-dysmenorrhea ibonisa amaphilisi aneprogestogen enamandla (uJeanine, Claira );
- lapho kukhona khona i-endometriosis okukhethwa kukho okuyiyona ndlela yokuvimbela ukuvimbela imithi nge-dienogest, i-gestodene (uJeanine, uLindineth);
- ngoba ababhemayo besifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-35 bayaphikisana, iminyaka engaba ngu-35 iboniswa ngezindlela zokubeletha ngomlomo okungenani ubuncane be-ethinyl estradiol ( uJess , Lindineth).
Izindlela zokubeletha ezingcono kakhulu ze-hormonal
Izidakamizwa ze-hormonal zinomthelela ohlelekile, owenziwe ngobuningi emzimbeni, ongenakukwazi ukubonakala egameni elilodwa. Kulungile ukhethe hhayi kuphela ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa, kodwa futhi ngezinhloso zokwelapha. Amaphilisi afanayo angabangela izinkinga ezinkulu kwabanye besifazane, abanye bangabhubhisi noma yikuphi ukungathandeki. Ukwelashwa kwe-hormonal kufanele kukhethwe ngabanye, ngokucabangela isimo somzimba nesiguli, idatha yomlando nomndeni nomuntu siqu. Ukwelashwa kokubeletha kwe-hormonal ngokufanele kuyisivikelo esingokwethenjelwa ekukhulelweni okungenakulungiswa kanye nendlela ephumelelayo yokulondoloza impilo yokuzala yabesifazane.