Esinye sezikhathi ezilinde isikhathi eside ekuphileni kwabesifazane besifazane kuqala ukukhulelwa. Akumangalisi ukuthi omama abaningi esizayo bazodidanisa ukuzwa ngokuvuma lokho okufunwa yiqiniso. Kunezibonakaliso eziningana zokukhulelwa:
- Shintsha ezintandokazi zokunambitheka kanye nezinzwa ezenzelwe owesifazane,
- ukuhlanzeka nokuhlanza,
- ukulahlekelwa ukudla.
Kusukela ohlelweni lwezinzwa - ukulala, ukuguquka njalo kwemizwelo, izinguquko emlandweni wangokomzwelo. Ngokusobala, lezi zibonakaliso azikwazi ukunikeza ubufakazi bokuthi ukhulelwe. Ukuqeda ukuya esikhathini, ukwanda nokwehliswa kwezigulane ezincelisayo, ukunikezwa kwe-colostrum. Izimpawu ezinjalo zingase zibonise ukukhulelwa. Noma kunjalo, akuzona isiqinisekiso, ngoba kungenzeka ngenxa yokuhluleka kwe-hormone emzimbeni. Ukubukeka kweqanda lokukhushulwa emgodini wesibindi, ukunyakaza kwe-fetal, ukulalela imilolo yenhliziyo. Yizimbonakaliso ezikuvumela kakhulu ukuxilonga ukukhulelwa, ngakho kuthiwa yiqiniso. Uma izibonakaliso ezingabaza zingase zivele kakade emavikini okuqala okukhulelwa, okuthenjelwa kubonakala ngemuva kwamasonto amane kuya kwangu-6 futhi kunqunywa ngosizo lwe-ultrasound. Ngokusobala, kuyinhle ukuxilonga ukuqala kokukhulelwa ngezibonakaliso ezingabazeki. Futhi uma kungadingeki ulinde isikhathi eside, futhi ufuna ukuqiniseka ngokushesha ukuthi umcimbi osalinde isikhathi eside usufikile, sebenzisa izindlela zanamuhla zokuxilonga ukukhulelwa.
- Ukulinganisa kokushisa okuyisisekelo
I-thermometer ifakwe engxenyeni ye-rectum emizuzu engu-5-7. Ukushisa kubalwa ngokushesha ngemva kokuvuka, futhi awukwazi ukuphuma embhedeni. Uma ukushisa kwe-basal izinsuku eziningana kudlula u-37 ° C, kusho ukuthi ukhulelwe.
- Isivivinyo sokuthola i-diagnosis ngokushesha
Ilinganiselwa ezinsukwini ezingu-1-2 emva kokubambezeleka kokuya esikhathini, nganoma isiphi isikhathi sosuku (mhlawumbe ekuseni). Ukuhlolwa kuncishiselwa kwisitsha ngomchamo, futhi ngenxa yokusebenzisana kwama-reagents kanye ne-hCG hormone (ekhishwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa), ama-indicator strips avela. Ukunemba kwempendulo kuyoba ngaphezulu uma uhlola lesi sifundo izikhathi ezingu-2-3. Phakathi namasonto ayisishiyagalolunye kuya ku-9, ukuhlushwa kwe-hormone hCG kwanda. Ngakho-ke uma, ngenxa yezizathu ezithile, ukuhlolwa kokuqala akuzange kusebenze, ukuhlolwa okuphindaphindiwe kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukukhulelwa. Omunye umugqa ulayini wokulawula, uthi ukuhlolwa kusebenza. Umzila wesibili ubonisa ukuqala kokukhulelwa. Naphezu kokungafani kwangaphandle kwezivivinyo, isimiso sokusebenza kwabo kufana. Isisekelo ukuphendula komuntu othize we-hormone gonadotropin - hCG. Iqala ukuthuthukiswa kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kusukela ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho iqanda elikhulelwe lifakwe odongeni lwesibeletho. Lokhu kusebenza ukuvikela iqanda elikhulelwe kanye nezimpendulo zomzimba. I-gonadotropin ye-chorionic ixhunyiwe kanye nomchamo. Ipuleti yokuhlola ihlanganiswe nama-reagents akhethekile. Bahlangana ne-hormone, futhi ukudonsa kubonakala endaweni yendawo. Ukuzwela kobuvivinyo cishe kunembile eyi-100%.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlolwa
- Umdwebo wokuhlola
Uhlolo kufanele lufakwe esitsheni nge-urine, ngokuqondile kuze kube uphawu oluthize ngesikhathi esiboniswe emfundisweni. Uma ungahambisani nemithetho echazwe imiyalelo, isibonakaliso singase singagcwaliswa ngokwanele. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuhlolwa kuzonikeza ulwazi olungalungile. Isigaba samanani esivivinyo: eshibhile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuhlolwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kwethebulethi
Leli bhokisi elinama-windows "amabili". Esikhathini sokuqala udinga ukulahla umchamo omncane, ukuze kube khona ukuphendula kwamakhemikhali. Ngokushesha efasiteleni lesibili kuyoba nomphumela. Isigaba samanani esivivinyo: izindleko ezijwayelekile.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Inkjet
Uhlobo lwezinhlobo zokuhlolwa zanamuhla. Kudingeka ukuthi ingene esikhundleni somfudlana womchamo bese emva kwemizuzu engu-5 uzokwazi umphumela. Uma kukhona umdwebo owengeziwe, bese ukhulelwe. Isigaba sokuhlolwa kwentengo: uhlobo olubiza kakhulu lwezovivinyo. Uma kukhona ithuba, akufanele ulondoloze imali. Okokuqala, kulula ukusebenzisa uhlolo olunjalo. Okwesibili, ihlanganiswe nama-reagents angcono futhi azwela kakhulu. Izivivinyo ezibhalwe nge-20 ml ziqaphela "i-hormone yokukhulelwa", noma ngabe ikhona ekuhlungeni okuncane. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa okunjalo kuzocacisa ngokunembile isikhathi sokuqala sokukhulelwa. Isivivinyo esibhalwe nge-10 mM / ml sincipha kakhulu futhi sinolwazi.
Khumbula iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu. Uhlolo luzoveza umphumela omuhle kunoma yikuphi ukukhulelwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyindlala evamile, i-pathological noma ectopic. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kutholakale ukukhulelwa okuvamile kwesibeletho, owesifazane kufanele aqinisekise lokhu nodokotela. Futhi, yiqiniso, thatha izivivinyo.
- Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Immunoenzyme
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kulinganiswa emavikini okuqala okukhulelwa. Ibuye ibeke izinga le-hCG egazini. Owesifazane akakhulelwe ngezinga le-hCG elingaphansi kwama-unit / litre angaphansi kwama-5. Uma isibonakaliso singaphansi kwesimiso, kunesongo sokukhulelwa kwesisu. Lona ukuxilongwa okunembile kakhulu kokukhulelwa, ngoba imiphumela ilandelwa indlela yokubhubhisa.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
Kulinganiswa emavikini okuqala okukhulelwa. Ibeka izinga le-hormone-trophoblastic beta-globulin, elinye lama-protein ase-placenta, engena egazini lomfazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kulokhu kuhlaziywa, kuzodingeka unikele ngegazi kusuka emthanjeni. Lena indlela ye-laboratory, futhi inikeza ulwazi oluphelele kakhulu mayelana nobude obulinganisiwe bokukhulelwa okungenzeka.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasound
Ilinganiswa ukulibaziseka kwezinsuku ezingu-6-8. Kuye ngendlela yokuphenya, ingaba isifo sangasese (okungukuthi, ngokusebenzisa udonga lwesisu sangaphakathi) noma i-transvaginal (uma inzwa ifakwa ngaphakathi kwesifazane). Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic kwezitho zomzimba. Sekuyisikhathi esidlule esibelethweni, ungabona iqanda lomntwana wesisu 4-6 mm ububanzi. Kukhona nezinganekwane ukuthi kuyingozi ukwenza i-ultrasound ngesikhathi esifanayo. Eqinisweni, ayikho ukulungiswa kwesayense. Lena yindlela enembile kakhulu yokunquma ukukhulelwa. Kusukela ekuqaleni kokulibaziseka, sekuphelile izinyanga ezimbalwa, ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kunikeze imiphumela emihle, kodwa uzizwa ujwayelekile - kuwufanelekile ukuya kumgogeni wamazinyo noma ukulinda? Impendulo ayikho kahle - yebo, kubiza, kanti ngaphambili, kungcono.
Akukho ukuhlolwa noma ukuhlaziywa, ngisho nokuqinisekisa ukukhulelwa, uzokwazi ukutshela ukuthi ukukhulelwa kwenzekani - i-uterine noma ectopic. Phela, iphuzu lonke ukuthi ukukhulelwa kwenzeka, "i-hormone ekhulelwe" iqala ukwabiwa. Mane ukhumbule: iqanda elikhuliswe kufanele lifike endaweni yokufakelwa yi-tube fallopian. Noma kunjalo, kungenzeka, sibhale ngalokhu ngenhla, ukuthi angangeni emgodini wesibindi, khona-ke kuyoba nokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ngokushesha, emva kokuqinisekiswa kokukhulelwa, ukuba kubonakale kumamazi wesifo somzimba. Futhi, uma ukuhlolwa kunikeza umphumela omubi, futhi ukulibaziseka esikhathini sokuya esikhathini, ungalindi, uye kumgogeni wezinkinga zokubeletha kanye ne-endocrinologist ukukhomba ngokushesha nokuqeda izinkinga. Manje siyazi ukuthi sinquma kanjani ukukhulelwa ezinyathelweni zakuqala zokuthuthukiswa.