Abantu abangamaphesenti angama-75% emhlabeni wonke bayaqiniseka ukuthi bakhumbula izingane ezifundela nabo ekilasini, izenzakalo zobuntwana, intsha, kuze kube sekuphila kwamanje. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwabesayensi baseMelika luye lwabonisa ukuthi umuntu angakwazi ukukhiqiza ngokunembile kuphela u-5% wolwazi afundile eminyakeni engu-50-60 yokuphila, kanti izenzakalo ezingamaphesenti angu-35 nemicabango yakhe zingakhunjulwa ngeminye imibuzo kanye nokuphazanyiswa. Abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi bangayithuthukisa kanjani inkumbulo yengqondo, kodwa abaqapheli ukuthi kungenziwa kalula futhi ngokushesha.
Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka yini ukuthuthukisa imemori? Abadali bezinguquko ezingaphezu kuka-80, ezithuthukisa izindlela zobuchopho, ziphendule kahle kulo mbuzo. Umphumela omuhle owenziwe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ukunyuka komthamo wememori cishe ngo-22-24%. Nokho, lokhu akusikho isiqondiso sokwenza! Ungasheshi ukuqeqeshwa kobuchopho - ososayensi baxwayisa. Imizamo yokuthuthukisa imemori eyedwa ingaba yingozi empilweni. Ngakho-ke, uma sizama ukugxila ekukhunjuleni ulwazi oluthe xaxa, zama njalo ukuphindaphinda into efanayo isikhathi eside, ubuchopho buzobona izenzo zethu njengebudlova futhi zizozama ukuzinciphisa. Ngenxa yalokho, siyozizwa sisuke siphelelwe amandla, ukulala, ukuphathwa ikhanda kanye nezinye izimpawu ezingathandeki. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inkumbulo ayikwazi ukuqeqeshwa ngendlela efanayo nathi, ngokwesibonelo, ukwakha imisipha. I-"memorization" yezinhlamvu ezingenalutho ayikholeli ukuthi sizofunda indaba entsha kalula nsuku zonke. Noma kunjalo, kunezinkambiso, besebenzisa ukuthi ungayifinyelela kanjani ekuthuthukisweni komsebenzi wememori. Sebenzisa kokubili njengemisebenzi yokusebenza, futhi uma kunesidingo.
Inkumbulo isebenza kanjani?
Ososayensi bahlukanisa phakathi kwezinqubo ezimbili zokusebenza kwememori. Eyokuqala yalezi zinkumbulo ezingokomfanekiso, noma zinengqondo. Isenzo salo sichazwa ukuthi ubuchopho bukhumbula ukuxhumana phakathi kwezithombe ezithile - isibonelo, umzila, isakhiwo sencwadi, indaba ilandelwe. Kulokhu, umsebenzi womcabango ubaluleke kakhulu, okokuqala, umsebenzi womcabango, futhi okwesibili, ukugxila kokunakekelwa ngesikhathi somcabango, okuzosiza ukuhlanganisa izithombe ezakhiwe ekhanda. Lolu hlobo lwememori luyinto ephikisanayo yokucindezeleka nanoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kokuthula kwengqondo. Pereenervichav noma ukuphuza ikhofi eyengeziwe ngaphambi komhlangano, ubeka ingozi ngemuva kwesikhathi sokungazikhumbuli igama, isikhundla noma ifoni ukubonakala futhi ngisho ulahleke uma uwela esifundeni esingajwayelekile.
Indlela yesibili yokukhumbula ngekhanda. Isekelwe ekuxhumaneni okuvela phakathi kwamangqamuzana obuchopho obuchopho. Lokhu kwenzeka, ngokwesibonelo, kulawo maqiniso lapho sifunda okuthile-amagama angaphandle, imibhalo, ukudansa noma ukunyakaza kwezemidlalo, kanye nezinye izenzo esifuna ukuzifeza ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kulesi simo kubalulekile ukuthi kukhona "izinto zokwakha" ezanele zokuxhuma amaseli. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukubukeza ukudla - ukudla kufanele kube amaprotheni.
Qala ukuthuthukisa inkumbulo!
Ichaza ngokunembile indlela kanye nenqubo esemqoka yenkumbulo engokomfanekiso yindlela okuthiwa yiTsironron. Bathi isikhulumi esidumile, ngenkathi silungiselela inkulumo, sasihambazungeze indlu futhi senze izingxenye "ngengqondo" zengqondo zokusebenza ezintweni ezazihlale endaweni eyodwa, bese zikhumbula isimo ekhaya, futhi izinhlangano ezidingekayo zivele ngokushesha enkumbulweni yakhe. Ukubukwa kolwazi kuyisihluthulelo sokukukhumbula, ochwepheshe emkhakheni we-eidetics uthi, isigaba se-psychology esolula izinkinga zememori. Ukwenza kube yisisekelo sokujwayelekile komsebenzi wengqondo kulula futhi kuyasiza.
- Hlanza ubuchopho ngolwazi olungadingekile: izinto ezijwayelekile (uhlu lokuthenga, uhlele usuku), bhala phansi kwidayari; bamba izitika ngezikhumbuzo mayelana namacala: "shayela ummeli womshuwalense", "hlola umbiko".
- Ungaboni ngeso lengqondo imininingwane oyidingayo, kodwa futhi uyibeke ngesimo sesithombe esinyatheliswe kumagazini noma encwadini. Gcina engqondweni, uma ukhohlwa ukugxila isithombe noma "ngaphandle kwefreyimu" izinto ezibalulekile zizokwehla, khona-ke izinkumbulo zizohlala ziyingxenye, azicacile.
- Gxila! Uma ufunda umbhalo izikhathi eziningana noma uzwe into ebalulekile, kodwa weqa "ngezindlebe," amathuba okukhumbula lokho okwakushiwo aphansi.
- Ukukhumbula okungcono indaba, uphinde uyilele ngaphambi kokulala. Kuleli phuzu, ubuchopho bukhululekile kulokho okubonakalayo ngosuku olwedlule futhi, uma ulawula ukwakha isithombe esicacile kolwazi oludingekayo, luzokhunjulwa kahle.
- Uma ulungiselela ukwenza inkulumo, zicabange ungumdlali wezemidlalo noma umbonisi wezinkulumo. Cabanga ngezilaleli futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuphendula kwabo ekusebenzeni kwakho. Ukuhamba izikhathi ezingu-3-4 ukuze uthole okunye, uzozizwa ukuthi uyayazi umbhalo ngenhliziyo.
- Ithuthukisa ukukhumbula kwengqondo ejulile yengqondo, okungukuthi, etholakala ngosizo lwezinzwa eziningana. Funda ngokuzwakalayo noma uphinde ulandele ngemuva kokulalelwayo. Futhi esimweni sesibili kuhle, uma izwi lomfundi lizoveza imizwelo emihle nezinkumbulo.
Izikhathi eziningi
Ezincwadini zakhe, isazi sezokwelapha esaziwa kakhulu uDale Karnsgi sabiza ukuphindaphindiwe "umthetho wesibili wememori." Ubeka isibonelo: "Izinkulungwane zabafundi abangamaSulumane ziyazi ngenhliziyo yaseKoran, futhi sonke sibonga ngokuphindaphindiwe okuphindaphindiwe." URichard Berton, okhuluma kahle ngezilimi ezingu-27, uye wavuma ngokuphindaphindiwe kubafundi bakhe ukuthi akakaze asebenzise imizuzu engaphezu kwengu-15 ngosuku efunda ulimi. Uyasiqinisekisa ukuthi emva kwalokhu umthwalo ubuchopho bukhathele, futhi izindlela zokukhanda azisebenzi. Yini eyasivimbela ukuba sithathe iseluleko osuka kwengqondo?
- I-bulk material ilula ukuyikhumbula uma uyidiliza ibe yizingxenye. Ngemuva kokuphindaphindiwe kokuqala kwalokhu okushicilelwe, thatha isikhashana semizuzu engu-40-60. Isigaba sesithathu, thatha amanye amahora angu-3-4. Futhi owesine - ngosuku olulandelayo.
- Ungaphindi ulwazi oluphindwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-4 ngokulandelana. Uma kungenjalo, ubuchopho buqala ukukulahla.
- Buyela indaba kuphela kwimemori - ukuphindaphinda ngokuphindaphindiwe ngeke kusebenze.
Uma uhlala ukhohlwa ...
... izinombolo:
- inombolo enkulu yekhefu yaba amaqembu, ngoba 579534, isibonelo, kuyoba lula ukukhumbula njengo 57-95-34;
- xhuma izinombolo ngezinsuku zokuzalwa kwezihlobo, izinombolo zefulethini, ifoni noma iminyaka yakho;
... amagama:
- Yisho igama elisha izikhathi eziningana ngenkathi ufinyelela;
- Ungathuthukisa inkumbulo ngokuhlanganisa amagama amasha namaqhawe amafilimu noma izincwadi nokulungisa isiteketiso somuntu;
... abantu:
- phawula izici zobuso ezingavamile, izakhi zokugqoka nokuziphatha komxhumanisi, zama ukugxila ekufananeni nabanye abantu, kodwa ngokuphambene nalokho, ngokungafani;
- qoqa "i-dossier" ku-interlocutor, zama ukufaka kuwo ulwazi oluthe xaxa njengoba ungaxhumana nalo, ubhale phansi ezinkampanini eziningana ozivakashelayo, ucabange ukuthi ungayithola kuphi.
Ukudla kwengqondo
Sivame ukukholelwa ukuthi umsebenzi wokudla okunomsoco wobuchopho ufunda izincwadi, ukhuluma nabachwepheshe, ukucabangela kwakho kanye nosesho olungokomoya. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kososayensi, yonke into iyadumisa kakhulu. Ubuchopho bethu njengengxenye yomzimba egcwele idinga ukudla ngomqondo wangempela. Sekuyisikhathi eside ososayensi befunda indlela yokuthuthukisa umsebenzi wokukhumbula kwengqondo ngokudla.
1. Inhlanzi. Ama-gramu angu-100 ezinhlanzi zasolwandle ngosuku, ngokusho kochwepheshe, kusiza ekwandiseni kakhulu ijubane lokuphendula, okungukuthi, ukuqinisa ubuchopho. Imfihlo iphezulu ye-iodine content, ethuthukisa ukucaca kwengqondo, namafutha acids (etholakala ezinhlanzi) - ilawula izinga le-cholesterol egazini futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kwemithambo yegazi.
2. Iwayini elibomvu. Ososayensi baseYohns Hopkins University bathi lesi siphuzo sithuthukisa ukuvikeleka kwamangqamuzana obuchopho obuchopho. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi umqondo wenani, ngaphandle kwalokho ubuchopho, ngokuphambene nalokho, buzoqala ukuhlaziya.
3. Amafutha omnqumo angumthombo we-polyunsaturated fatty acids. Ososayensi base-Italy bathole ukuthi izakhamuzi zaseMedithera, lapho zisetshenziselwa khona lo mkhiqizo kuyo yonke indawo, azihambisani nokukhubazeka kwengqondo njengoba zikhula.
4. Utamatisi aqukethe i-lycopene - i-antioxidant esiza ukuqeda ama-radicals mahhala amangqamuzana ebuchopho futhi aholele ekudemeni kwengqondo.
5. Ama-apula. Ososayensi baseYunivesithi yaseMassachusetts bathola ukuthi izinto eziqukethe i-apula juice, zivimbela ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo nokulahlekelwa kokuhlakanipha. Lo mphumela wejusi ungenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-antioxidants. Ngakho-ke, izithelo zisiza ukugxila emsebenzini, futhi nokugcina ukucaca kwengqondo kulo lonke usuku lokusebenza.
6. I-broccoli ingumthombo we-vitamin K, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kobuchopho.
7. Ama-blueberries aqukethe ama-anthocyanin anamandla amakhulu, avikela ubuchopho ngezifo ezihlobene nobudala. Ngokusho odokotela, abathandi balo berry bangaziqhayisa ngokukhumbula okuhle kwengqondo nokusebenzisana kokuhamba. Iqiniso liwukuthi izingxube zamakhemikhali eziqukethe ama-blueberries zithuthukisa ukuqina kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi futhi zibe nemiphumela emihle ekucindezeni kwegazi.
8. I-Phytomedicine. Ngamunye wethu wabhekene nesimo lapho kudingeka ukuba enze izinto eziningana eziphuthumayo ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenkathi engakhohlwa lutho futhi engavumeli noma yimaphi amaphutha. Uma kwenzeka, senza ukuthi sikhohlwe ukukhohlwa nokuphazamiseka nokucindezeleka nokwesaba. Futhi ukwehluleka okukhulayo ekukhunjweni kubhalwe phansi ukuthi amangqamuzana omzimba angabuyiselwa.
Ucwaningo olusha lwososayensi lubonisa ukuthi kwezinye izingxenye zamaseli obuchopho ziyaqhubeka zivuselelwa cishe konke ukuphila kwazo. Kodwa-ke, badinga ukudla okuvamile, okuhlosiwe. Futhi akuzona zonke izinto ezidingekayo kulokhu kungatholakala ngokudla, ngakho-ke ungakwazi ukugcwalisa ngokugcwele ubuchopho ngosizo lwamalungiselelo akhethekile we-phytomedicine okusiza amangqamuzana aphinde abuyele. Kufanele zisetshenziselwe izinhloso zokuvimbela ngezikhathi zamashejuli omatasa emsebenzini, ngaphambi nangesikhathi seseshini esikhungweni. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wemithi enjalo ukusekela umsebenzi wengqondo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izimali ozithemba ngesikhathi esibucayi kakhulu, zakhiwe ngesisekelo sokukhishwa kwemvelo futhi zadluliswa ngokuqinile kwekhwalithi yezinto zokusetshenziswa nokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, izidakamizwa ezinokukhishwa okhethekile kwe-Ginkgo biloba. Lesi sitshalo siyaziwa ukuthi ngisho nasemithi yasendulo yasempumalanga wasetshenziselwa ukubuyisela ukuphazamiseka kokujikeleza okubonakala kudala, futhi nalapho uzama ukuthuthukisa imemori yengqondo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abakhuthele, ngenxa yezinto eziningi eziphuthumayo nezifiso, bonke banesikhathi sokuthuthukisa "isifo somphathi" - ukukhathala kwengqondo. Imithi enjalo ivuselela umsebenzi womnyango wezobuchopho obhekene nokucaca kwengqondo kanye nenkumbulo eqinile, ukuqinisa izindonga zemithambo yegazi nokugcizelela ukucindezelwa kwegazi. Uvele ukhumbule lokho okwakudingeka wenze izolo? Qaphela ukuthi esikhathini esizayo akukwenzeka futhi!