Ukugula ngokweqile kanye nokwelapha kwazo ngezigaba ezahlukene yisihloko esilokhu sikhathaza odokotela iminyaka eminingi. Kunezinhlobo zemithi eminingi yanamuhla enqunywe yi-cardiologists ephezulu yegazi - i-vasodilators, i-hypotensive, i-diuretics. Emitholampilo eminingi yezinhliziyo, izinhliziyo nezifo ze-vascular zifundwa, kodwa inani leziguli eziphakeme kakhulu likhula njalo ngonyaka.
Musa ukudideka nge-hypertension
Ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi kunqunywa kubantu abangu-20-30%. Phakathi kwabo, iziguli ezine-hypertension yangempela kanye neziguli ezine-hypertension ezibangelwa ukugula ezingakwazi ukuthuthukisa ngenxa yezifo zezinso, izifo ze-endocrine, ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi wesistimu yomphakathi oyinhloko, i-menopausal syndrome kubantu besifazane, njll kubonakala. Izimbangela ze-hypertension yangempela zingaba yindlala, ukwesaba ukuxoshwa kwabantu, ukuvezwa komuntu ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezimbi, ukukhuluphala, ukutholakala kwesifo sokuqina kwesifo sofuba kwezinto ezisebuchosheni, inhliziyo kanye ne-aorta.
Izitebhisi ze-hypertension
Ukucindezeleka komzimba kuqala, ngokuvamile emva kweminyaka engu-30-40 futhi kancane kancane kuyaqhubeka. Ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kuhlukahluka ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kukhona inkambo eqhubekayo yesifo - okubizwa okuthiwa yi-benign, futhi iqhubekela phambili ngokushesha - inkambo evumayo.
Ukukhula okuncane kwesifo kulandela izigaba ezintathu:
Isigaba I (sokuqala, somnene) sibonakala ngokuphakama okuncane kwegazi - ezingeni lika-160-180 / 95-105 mm Hg. Art. Ngokuvamile, ukucindezela komzimba akuzinzile, lapho isiguli sigxila, kancane kancane sivame, kodwa lesi sifo, njengesiqondiso, sesivele sikhona futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi, ukucindezela okwandayo kubuye futhi. Kwezinye iziguli kulesi sigaba, umfutho wegazi ophezulu awuzwa neze. Abanye bakhathazekile ngekhanda (ikakhulukazi esifundeni se-occipital), isizungu, umsindo ekhanda, ukuleleka, ukwehla ekusebenzeni kwengqondo nokusebenza ngokomzimba. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela kusihlwa noma ebusuku. Kulesi sigaba, lesi sifo kanye nokuphathwa kwayo akubangeli izinkinga. Umthelela omuhle wokwelapha utholakala ezitshalweni zemithi.
Isigaba sesibili (ubunzima obulinganiselayo) sibonakala ngezibalo eziphakeme zomsindo wegazi. Iyakushintsha ezingeni lika 180-200 / 105-115 mm Hg. Art. Kukhona izikhalazo zesikhumba, isizungu, ubuhlungu enhliziyweni. Lesi sigaba sibhekene nezinkinga eziphakeme kakhulu. Kukhona izinguquko ku-electrocardiogram, usuku lwamehlo, nezinso. Ngaphandle kokwelapha izidakamizwa, ingcindezi ayijwayelekile. Usizo olubalulekile lunikezwa izitshalo zokwelapha.
Isigaba se-III (esinzima) sibonakala ngokunyuka okuqhubekayo kokucindezela komzimba okuhambisana nokuqhubekela phambili kwe-atherosclerosis kuzo zombili izitsha ze-cerebral nasezintweni zenhliziyo nase-aorta. Ekuphumuleni, umfutho wegazi ungama-200-230 / 115-130 mm Hg. Art. Isithombe seklinikhi sinqunywa ukunqotshwa kwenhliziyo (kukhona ukuhlaselwa kwe-angina ne-arrhythmia, i-infarction eyingozi ye-myocardial ingase ikhule), ukukhubazeka ezitsheni zobuchopho (ingozi enkulu ye-cerebrovascular ingenzeka-ukushaya), izinguquko ku-fundus, izifo zezinso. Ngaphandle kwemithi ekhethekile, ngokuzenzekelayo, ingcindezi ayijwayelekile.
Ukwelashwa kufanele kube okuphelele!
Njengoba wazi, ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ngesikhathi futhi okukhethiwe kahle kuzinyathelo ezihlukene kungamisa ukuqhuma kwezifo eziphezulu.
Esigabeni sokuqala lesi sifo kanye nokwelapha akuyona nzima kakhulu futhi kufaka phakathi izinyathelo ezilandelayo: umbuso womsebenzi nokuphumula, ukulahlekelwa isisindo, ukwelapha umzimba, ukwelashwa kwemvelo, ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwezitshalo zokwelapha: i-cardiological, hypotensive, diuretic kanye ne-vasodilating.
Ezingxenyeni ze-II ne-III, kanye nezinyathelo ezingenhla, ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwemithi kuyadingeka. Ukuhlolwa kweziguli neziguli zokwelashwa kuyadingeka. Ikakhulukazi iziguli ezinezifo ezinzima. Iziguli ezine-hypertension II ne-III kufanele zibe ngaphansi kokuqondiswa njalo kwe-cardiologist yokuphatha.
Ungazisiza kanjani
1. Ukudla okunempilo
Ukuze ukuvimbela ukushisa komfutho wegazi kufanele kuhambisane nokudla okuvimbela i-cholesterol, amafutha ezilwane, ama-carbohydrate amaningi, imikhiqizo yesikhathi eside equkethe ama-preservatives. Kubalulekile ukukhawulela kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwetafula usawoti. Uma kungenzeka, udle ukudla kancane usawoti.
Umsoco obaluleke kunazo zonke ongashukumisa ukuvela kwesifo sofuba kanye nokuxubulana kwe-atherosclerosis yeziqukathi zobuchopho nenhliziyo, yi-cellulose. Inani lalo ukuthi i-fiber ibamba i-cholesterol nezinye izinto eziyingozi. Njengoba i-fiber engagciniwe esiswini futhi ishiya umzimba, bese nayo, "ithatha" izinto eziningi ezingadingekile emzimbeni. Imithombo engcono kakhulu ye-fiber yizithelo nemifino esisha, kanye nama-porridges.
2. Imithwalo yemithwalo
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukushisa komfutho isifo lapho ukunyakaza nokunyuka kwemithwalo kufanele kukhishwe khona, kucatshangelwa isigaba sesifo, iminyaka, izifo ezithintekayo. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - ungadluli! Ungazinikeli izidakamizwa ngokweqile. Omunye uyoba negunya namakhono okushaja, futhi omunye umuntu udinga ukuhamba kwansuku zonke emoyeni omusha nokuzivocavoca umzimba okusebenzayo. Ekupheleni komsebenzi womuntu umuntu kufanele abe nomuzwa wokuthi lula, ukukhathala okumnandi. Kudingeka ukulawula ukushaywa kwegazi nokucindezelwa kwegazi. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukunyakaza ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa komfutho wegazi ophezulu!