Kodwa isikhathi esifanele, lapho kufanele ukuya esibhedlela, ihora elilodwa ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu; uma ulinde isikhathi eside, kuphakama ingozi yokufa. Kodwa abesifazane abaningi abaqapheli ngisho nangengozi yengozi yabo. Kubo, isibonakaliso sokuqala senhliziyo yesifo senhliziyo isisifo senhliziyo. Yilapho lapho bethola ukuthi bane-high blood pressure noma i-cholesterol ephezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bangakwazi okokuqala ukubona ukuthi ukubhema kulimaza impilo yabo. Isizathu sesifo senhliziyo asisacacile, kodwa sizosiza ukuwavimbela.
Ukuqalwa kwezifo
Eqinisweni, izimpawu zesifo zingase zivele ngaphambi kokuthi uzizwe izimpawu zabo. Ukuziphendulela kwamantombazane asebekhulile abulawa ezingozini zemoto kubonisa ukuba khona kwama-cholesterol plaques ezindongeni zemikhumbi - ukubunjwa okwandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Abesifazane abaningi abasha abazi ukuthi ngisho noma bengenayo izimpawu, bangakwazi ukuveza izici ezihlukahlukene eziyingozi, kubandakanya ukungabi nokuzivivinya okuvamile nokusebenzisa okuningi ngokweqile kwamafutha anobungozi. Isibonelo, emva kokuthola imiphumela yocwaningo, abagijimi abathile abagijimi abasha bahlushwa kakhulu lapho bezwa ukuthi babekhuphule amazinga e-cholesterol noma babeseduze nokugxeka nokuthi babesengozini. Kwadingeka ngiwachazele ukuthi isifo senhliziyo asinandaba nokuthi usugqoka kangakanani - 48 noma 60. Usengozini uma okungenani enye yezimpawu itholakele - isibonelo, ukucindezelwa kwegazi eliphezulu. Odokotela bahlale bengakwazi ukuhlolisisa ngokushesha isifo senhliziyo futhi akubona bonke odokotela abaqaphela ukuthi lezi zifo zande kangakanani phakathi kwabesifazane. Ukuqapha okwanele odokotela, uma kuziwa ezinkomba zesifo senhliziyo kubantu besifazane, kumane kusabisa. Kuvela ukuthi odokotela abangaphansi kuka-20%, kuhlanganise nababelethi bezinkinga zokubeletha, abahlengikazi kanye ne-cardiologists, bayazi ukuthi unyaka ngamunye abesifazane abaningi bafa ngesifo senhliziyo kunamadoda. Futhi izifundo ezenziwa eYurophu zabonisa ukuthi abesifazane abanesifo senhliziyo babenezinkinga ezimbili zokufa ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi abazange baphelele ukuhlolwa okufika ngesikhathi futhi bangathathi imithi yokuvimbela ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi kanye ne-cholesterol.
Lokhu akulona ukuhlasela ...
Ingxenye yenkinga ukuthi odokotela bavame ukubuka izimpawu zakudala zesifo senhliziyo, njengokuhlungu okuvuthayo noma ukuzwa okuvuthayo esifubeni esisakaze entanyeni noma endaweni yehlombe. Nakuba lezi zimpawu zingase zikhona, ngeke zibe yisisekelo. Ucwaningo lwabasosayensi lwatholakala ukuthi abesifazane abangaphezu kuka-70% ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo bebuthakathaka, cishe uhhafu - ukuphefumula, futhi cishe 40% bakhononda ngokuthunjwa ngenyanga ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa. Abesifazane abaningi abaye bahlaselwa isifo senhliziyo phakathi kweminyaka engama-30 kuya ku-50 bakhononda ukuthi behluleka ukwehla ezitebhisini noma bamane bahambe ukusuka ekugcineni kwesinye igumbi kuya kwesinye - banikezwa ubunzima obunzima. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi basebenze ngokweqile noma babonisa iminyaka yobudala.
Amalungelo afanayo wezocansi
Umehluko wezimpawu lungachazwa ngokungafani emzimbeni. Abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa izifo ezincane ezincane noma ukuvinjelwa kwezifo ezincane ze-coronary kunamadoda. Cishe abesifazane abayizigidi ezintathu abahlushwa isifo senhliziyo bayatholakala ukuthi banalolu hlobo lokuxilongwa. Indlela enjalo yokuthola ingozi yokuthola izifo zenhliziyo, njenge-angiogram ekhombisa ukutholakala kwezindonga ze-coronary arteries, lapho abantu besithinteka kangako, akuphumelelanga kakhulu ekutholeni amasheya amancane ezindongeni zezitsha ezincane. Futhi lokhu kusho ukuthi izigidi zabesifazane azikwazi ukubheka ukuxilongwa okunembile. Namuhla, izifundo ziyaqhubeka ukuthuthukisa izindlela ezinjalo zokuxilonga njenge-resonance yamagnetic kanye ne-computer angiography, okumele iphumelele kakhulu ekutholeni izifo ezincane ezincane ezincane kubantu besifazane.
Iyini imiphumela yalokhu okungenhla?
Njengoba isifo senhliziyo sinzima ukusihlola futhi abaningi bethu singasiqapheli ingozi yabo, kubalulekile ukuhlolisisa impilo yakho siqu: ukwazi izinga legazi lakho elijwayelekile nezinga le-cholesterol futhi ukwazi ukubona izimpawu zokukhathazeka. Kubalulekile ukwenza izinguquko ezithile endleleni yakho yokuphila ukuthi esikhathini esizayo kuzosiza ukunciphisa ingozi yezifo. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izigameko ezingaphezu kuka-80% zesifo senhliziyo kwabesifazane zihlotshaniswa nokubhema nokuphila komzimba. Ayikho imithi engavimbela isifo senhliziyo. Ukugcina impilo enempilo, udinga isikhathi nemizamo ukushintsha imikhuba yakho. Mane nje, uma ungafuni ukwandisa izibalo zakho ezidabukisayo kakade, qala ukunakekela impilo yakho yezempilo namhlanje.
Half ihora ngenhliziyo enempilo
Ngokuvamile kubhekwa ukuthi imfundo engokomzimba ehlose ekuthuthukiseni impilo idinga indlela ehlukile kunomsebenzi olula kumuntu. Kodwa izifundo zibonisa ukuthi unganciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo ngo-40%, wenza imizuzu engu-30-40 ngosuku kuphela. Lesi sibalo ngokwawo yisisusa esihle kakhulu. Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kusiza ukuqinisa imisipha yenhliziyo, ukuthuthukisa amaphaphu nokujikeleza kwegazi, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwe "cholesterol" enhle. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ukuvivinya umzimba kusiza ukulawula isisindo, okuvimbela ukwandisa kwegazi nokubonakala kwesifo sikashukela - izici ezingozini ezibangelwa isifo senhliziyo. Ukwenza imidlalo iphumelele kakhulu, sincoma ukusebenza nge-intanethi ye-50-80% yesilinganiso senhliziyo yakho evamile. Uhlelo lokuqeqesha olunikezwe lapha lubandakanya ukusebenza okuphakathi kokuya phezulu nokusiza ukulahla ama-khalori angu-300.
Ukuzivocavoca ngenhliziyo yakho
Kule hlelo lokuqeqesha, noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhamba, ukugijima, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili noma umqeqeshi we-elliptical kufanelekile. Yenza izikhathi ezingu-3-5 ngesonto ngaphezu kokuqeqeshwa kwamandla. Izigaba zokuqala zesifo senhliziyo ngokuvamile ayinayo izimpawu ezinzima. Yingakho kudingeke ukudlulisa ukuhlolwa okuningi kakade esemncane.
Ukucindezelwa kwegazi
Lapho ulinganisa ukucindezelwa, udokotela ubeka amandla egazi ngegazi emithanjeni yegazi ngesikhathi sokushaya kwesimo ngasinye senhliziyo. Ideal kuyinto ingcindezi ngezansi 120/80. Imiphumela yocwaningo ibonisa ukuthi njengoba ingcindezi ikhula (ngenhla 115/75), ingozi yokuthuthukisa izifo zenhliziyo iyakhula ngokulinganayo. Uma ukucindezela kwegazi kwakho kuvamile, hlola kanye ngonyaka. Uma ingcindezi iphakanyisiwe (120-139 / 80) noma ngaphezulu (ngaphezu kuka 140/90), kufanele uyilinganise njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu uze uqiniseke.
Izinga likashukela egazini ngokuzila ukudla
Lokhu kuhlola kubonisa i-glucose, noma okuqukethwe okushukela, egazini lakho ngemuva kwamahora angu-8 ngemuva kokudla. Imiphumela yocwaningo olubanzi lokubonisa ukuthi cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingu-1.5 abafelwa isifo senhliziyo kanye nokufa kwabantu abangu-709,000 bebangelwa amazinga aphezulu e-glucose. Ishukela elihle legazi akufanele lidlule 99 mg / dL. Abesifazane abangenazo izinto eziyingozi kumele bahlole lolu hlelo lapho beneminyaka engama-40. Uma izinkomba zijwayelekile, kufanele wenze ukuhlolwa okuphindaphindiwe njalo eminyakeni embalwa. Uma izinga leshukela liphakeme, phinda ukuhlolwa njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
I-cholesterol
Phakathi nalokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi, i-cholesterol ephakeme kakhulu (okungukuthi, "okuhle"), i-cholesterol encane kakhulu (okungukuthi, "okubi") kanye ne-triglycerides (uhlobo oluthile lwe-fat elihlobene nokukhuluphala, isifo sikashukela kanye nokucindezelwa kwegazi eliphezulu) kunqunywa. Amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol aphansi angabangela ukwakheka kwamacwecwe ezindongeni zemikhumbi, kanti i-cholesterol ephakeme kakhulu isisiza ukususa amafutha egazini ukuya esibindi lapho ihlukaniswa khona. Izinga lakho le-cholesterol lilonke kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-200, kanti i-cholesterol encane engalingani ingadluli i-100, i-cholesterol ephezulu kufanele ibe ngaphansi kwe-50, futhi izinga le-triglyceride kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-150. Uma yonke imingcele ijwayelekile, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-cholesterol kungenziwa kanye iminyaka emihlanu. Uma bevuswa, odokotela baneluleka ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye ngonyaka.
Iprotheyini esebenzayo
Lokhu kuhlola kwegazi kunquma ukuqukethwe kwegazi kwiprotheni elisebenzayo, okuyisibonakaliso sezinqubo zokuvuvukala ezihlobene nengozi ekhulayo yesifo senhliziyo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba cishe isigamu sokuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo kwenzeke kubantu abanezinga elivamile le-cholesterol. Ucwaningo olulodwa lwabonisa ukuthi amazinga aphezulu amaprotheni asebenzayo kubantu besifazane abonisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa inhliziyo, ngisho noma izinga le-cholesterol elincane livamile. Uma usengozini yesifo senhliziyo, phila kuloluhlolo uma uneminyaka engaba ngu-30 futhi, kuye ngokuthi imiphumela, yiyiphinde njalo eminyakeni engu-2-4.
I-Electrocardiogram
ECG inikeza ithuba lokuhlola umsebenzi wenhliziyo yakho. Ngosizo lwe-electrode ehlanganiswe esifubeni, izandla nezinyawo, udokotela urekhoda izimpendulo zikagesi ezidlula emzimbeni wenhliziyo. Yenza i-cardiogram eneminyaka engama-35 kuya kwengu-40. Uma konke kuhlelekile, ukuhlolwa kwesibili kungenziwa eminyakeni engu-3-5.
Isivivinyo sokucindezeleka
Lokhu kuhlola kunquma ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ihlangabezana kanjani nokucindezeleka, okuyisikhombisa sokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi isifo somugudu we-coronary. Ngesikhathi uhamba noma ugijimela esitokisini, ulwazi olumayelana nomsebenzi wenhliziyo lugcinwa nge-electrodes ehlanganiswe esifubeni kanye nesisindo sokulinganisa. Uma usheshe ukhathele ngesikhathi sokusebenza okujwayelekile, kufanele udlule ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka.
5 imikhuba eyingozi enhliziyweni yakho
Uma kuziwa ekunciphiseni ingozi yesifo senhliziyo, ngisho nezinguquko ezincane
endleleni yokuphila ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngokunakekela wonke umuntu ozungezile, uvame ukukhohlwa ngezidingo zakho siqu, okungagcina ekupheleni kokucindezeleka. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukucindezeleka kanye nokungondleki nokuntuleka komzimba kuyinto ebalulekile ekuthinteni isifo senhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, ocwaningweni oluqhutshwa ososayensi eYunivesithi yaseFlorida, kwatholakala ukuthi ukucindezeleka kwengqondo kwandisa ingozi yokufa kwabagulayo abanesifo senhliziyo. Uma uqala ukuthuthukisa imikhuba eyokusiza ukuba ubhekane nokukhathazeka nokukhathazeka, khona-ke esikhathini esizayo ungagwema ukuthuthukiswa kokucindezeleka okungapheli. Nsuku zonke, thola isikhathi senqubo yokupholisa, kube yimaminithi angu-10 okuzindla noma ugijima epaki.
Udla amafutha anobungozi
Abesifazane abaningi banamathele ekudleni okunamafutha aphansi futhi ngakho-ke bancike kuma cookies aphansi, ama-crackers, ukhilimu ushizi - konke lokho kudla okuqukethe inani elikhulu lama-calories, kodwa banomsoco ophansi. Ukukhethwa okulungile kuyoba ukusetshenziswa kwezinga elilinganiselwe lamafutha ase-monounsaturated (i-rapeseed, i-olive butter and nut butter) kanye namafutha we-polyunsaturated (izinhlanzi ezinamafutha, isibonelo i-salmon, kanye namantongomane, i-flaxseed, i-sesame namafutha we-sunflower); la mafutha anegalelo ekunciphiseni i-cholesterol futhi kubangele ukuzwela. Zama ukuthola u-30% wenombolo yansuku zonke yamakhalori anamafutha enempilo futhi angaphansi kuka-7% - enezigcwele (imikhiqizo yobisi yonke, inyama ebomvu nebhotela). Gwema ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha esitshalo (ukudla okuthosiwe, ukudla okunamathiselwe, i-margarine). Etholakala ngamafutha emifino engenawo ama-hydro-genized, amafutha athengisa ukwandisa izinga le-cholesterol elincane futhi anciphisa i-cholesterol ephakeme kakhulu.
Ukholelwa ukuthi imikhuba emibi ihlawulelwa ngu
Uxolo, kodwa ukuthi udla izithelo nemifino eminingi akusho ukuthi ukubhema nokuntuleka kokuzivocavoca akuthinti impilo yakho nganoma iyiphi indlela. Isici ngasinye sengozi kufanele siphathwe ngokwehlukana, odokotela bathi.
Awudli imikhiqizo yobisi
Ucwaningo lwamuva olwenziwa ngabososayensi baseHarvard University lubonise ukuthi abantu abadla imikhiqizo yobisi kanye ne yogurt izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-3 ngosuku, amathuba angama-36% angaphansi kokucindezeleka kwegazi ngaphezu kwalabo abadlula ngaphansi kokukhonza okulodwa. Ngokusobala, okuqukethwe kwe-calcium ephansi ekudleni kwakho kuhlawulelwa ngamaseli e-calcium wemisipha ebushelelezi ye-arteries, eholela ekunciphiseni nasekukhuphukeni kwengcindezi, izazi zichaza. Ukudla kwe-calcium ngezingxube zokudla akukwazi ukubuyisela okufanayo, ngoba imikhiqizo yobisi iqukethe ne-potassium ne-magnesium, amaminerali okusiza ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi.
Awufundi ngokucophelela amalebula kumikhiqizo
Ungakwazi ukuqapha inani lamakholori, okuqukethwe kwe-fat, kodwa unganaki ezinye izibalo. Imikhiqizo eminingi ekhishwe ngamakhemikhali iqukethe isamba esikhulu sodium. Ngakho-ke ngisho nokuba yi-calorie ephansi, basalimaza imithwalo yegazi. Zama ukugcina ukudla kwansuku zonke kwe-sodium akudluli ku-2,300 mg. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma izinga le-glucose egazini lakho landa, kufanele uqaphele inani lama-carbohydrates. Okufanelekile, umkhiqizo kufanele ube nengaphansi kuka-20% kokunconywa kwansuku zonke kwama-carbohydrate okungenani ama-5 amagremu we-fiber. Okokugcina, gwema ukudla okudla ngamafutha angama-hydro-genetized (noma ama-trans), futhi uqaphele ukuthi ngisho nalabo ukudla okuqukethe ama-gramu angu-0.5 we-trans, i-ilebula ingabonisa ukuthi akekho nhlobo .