Ngokuvamile asinakekeli, uma ikhanda lishintsha kancane futhi inhliziyo ishaywa kaningi kaningi. "Ukuziqhenya, isimo sezulu, ngangesaba, ngangijabula," - sicabanga. Eqinisweni, kukhona ukubonakaliswa kwe-hearthythmia - ukwephulwa komculo wenhliziyo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungase kube ukufihla nezinkinga ezingathí sina. Izimbangela nezinhlobo ze-arrhythmias zenhliziyo zihlukile. Futhi ukuthatha le nkinga ngokungathí sina.
I-node ye-sinus yenza ngokwanele imishanguzo kagesi edala ukungezwani kwemisipha yenhliziyo. Umsebenzi wegesi we-node ye-sinus kufanele uvame ukulawula umsebenzi wawo wonke amanye amaseli enhliziyweni. Uma kungaphansi kwethonya lokugula nezinye izimo ezingavumelekile umsebenzi we "pacemaker" uphulwa, imithombo emisha yezimpendulo ivela kwezinye izingxenye ze-myocardium, eqala ukuncintisana noma ngisho nokucindezela i-node yesusus. Lokhu kubangela ukuphazanyiswa komculo wenhliziyo - i-arrhythmia, izinhlobo ezimbalwa. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokuqeda inhliziyo yilezi:
- i-flutter kanye ne-fibrillation ye-atrial;
- extrasystole;
- i-tachycardia ye-paroxysmal - inhliziyo ayihlali ishaya ngenhliziyo yonke, kodwa ukuhlaselwa (i-paroxysms). Uma i-ECG ingenziwanga ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa, izobonisa isigqi esivamile esinempilo;
- ukuvinjelwa kwenhliziyo.
Uma uzizwa uguqulwa noma ukuphazanyiswa emsebenzini wenhliziyo, izilonda, izinhliziyo ezingalingani, ubuthakathaka, isizungu, ukuphelelwa amandla, kufanele uvakashele i-cardiologist.
Yini engqongqoza isigqi?
Into ebaluleke kunazo zonke ukusimisela hhayi nje iqiniso le-arrhythmia yenhliziyo, kodwa futhi nesizathu saso. Phela, i-arrhythmia ngokwayo ayiyona isifo, kodwa isibonakaliso, ukubonakaliswa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ukuhlasela okunamandla kudlulile, ngenkathi imbangela ingaqedwa, ingathuthuka iphinde iphinde. Phakathi nosuku, cishe bonke abantu abanempilo bangalandelwa ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, okuphephile, futhi abaningi abangezizwa. Kodwa ezimweni zokuhlukumezeka inani lezinhluleka ezinjalo zikhula, nakuba isizathu salokhu akusobala ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngokuvamile kaningi:
- izifo zenhliziyo;
ischemic isifo senhliziyo;
- umfutho wegazi ophezulu;
- izifo ezinama-dystrophic and inflammatory ze-muscle yenhliziyo (kuhlanganise nokusebenzisa kabi utshwala);
- Izimo nezinye izifo ezingenayo inhliziyo (izifo ezithathelwanayo, ukulimala kwe-skull, isifo se-thyroid, ukuphazanyiswa kosawoti).
Ukuzila igazi.
Uma izinga lenhliziyo liphazamiseka, igazi alifinyeleli ezithombeni ngokugcwele. Ubuchopho buzwela kakhulu "kwindlala": umphumela uwuzondlo nokuphelelwa amandla. Kukhona ama-arrhythmias angaholela ekutheni i-myocardial infarction, ukuhlaselwa kwe-angina pectoris, i-edema yepulmari, ukuthuthukiswa kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Okokugcina, ezinye izinhlobo ze-arrhythmia ziyingozi impilo. Kodwa ngenhlanhla, ayinqabile.
Sizocabangela izingozi.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukwelapha i-arrhythmia? Kubonakala sengathi umbuzo uyisiphukuphuku - empeleni, ukwelapha! Kodwa-ke, noma yikuphi izidakamizwa zokulwa nezidakamizwa ezinemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Ngokuvame ukuvusa ukushayeka komzimba omusha, ngezinye izikhathi kunzima nakakhulu. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa imithi uma kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa okunamandla. Indlela enhle yokuvimbela nokwelashwa yizinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zokuphefumula kanye nokusikhipha kwentamo. Uma i-arrhythmia ingavamile, imisa imithi isikhathi eside, odokotela abanolwazi bamiswa okwesikhashana ngenxa yemiphumela emibi eminingi. Iphutha elikhulu ukuthatha imithi wena noma iseluleko somakhelwane (ngisho noma sisize). Emva kwakho konke, i-arrhythmia yangaphandle efanayo kubantu ababili abahlukene (noma umuntu ofanayo ngezikhathi ezahlukene zokuphila!) Kudinga ukwelashwa okuhlukile.
Ngosizo lwe-receptors ekhethekile, umsebenzi wenhliziyo ulawula ubuchopho. Abamukeli bazisa ulwazi ebuchosheni mayelana nazo zonke izinqubo zamandla zomzimba. Ubuchopho bulawula amandla nesilinganiso senhliziyo esekelwe kolwazi olutholiwe. Okusho ukuthi, unikeza umyalo "kumshayeli wesigqi" ngokusebenzisa amakhemikhali-abaxhumanisi emisipha:
- i-acetylcholine esimisweni sezinzwa ze-parasympathetic sinciphisa isilinganiso senhliziyo;
- I-Norepinephrine ohlelweni lomzwelo oluzwelayo lusindiswa ngesigqi. Ngesikhathi sokuleleka, inani elinyusayo le-norepinephrin lenziwa, okungabangela ukuguquka komzimba.
Indlela efundisa kakhulu yokuxilongwa yizinhlobo ezahlukene ze-electrocardiography:
1. i-electrocardiogram evamile (ECG);
2. ukuxilongwa okuphelele okwengeziwe kwe-arrhythmias ekwazisa isikhathi eside (ngaphakathi kwezinsuku) irekhodi - ukuqapha kwe-ECG ngendlela ye-Holter. Unamathele emzimbeni wezinzwa ezincane, futhi uhlanganyela ebhizinisini elivamile usuku lonke. Emva kwalokho, udokotela uhlola i-cardiogram usuku - lokhu kukuvumela ukuba ulandele izinguquko ngesigqi phakathi nosuku, ngokuya ngomsebenzi wakho, isimo somzwelo nokunye. Ngendlela, kumuntu onempilo, imvamisa ye-pulse ye-sinus node ihlukahluka kuye ngezidingo zenyama: kusuka izikhathi ezingu-45-60 ngehora ebuthongweni ku-130-160 emithwalweni enzima.
Njengoba ubona, kunezimbangela eziningi nezinhlobo ze-arrhythmia yenhliziyo. Ngaphandle kwalokho angakwazi ukuzivikela kanye nokuzivocavoca. Uma unomuzwa wokuthi kunenkinga enjalo kuwe noma othandekayo bakho, ungaqali lesi sifo. Bheka udokotela bese ulandela izincomo zakhe.