Ziyini izindlela zanamuhla, ukwelashwa kwe-PMS - isihloko sesihloko. I-Premenstrual syndrome (i-PMS) iyigama elivamile eliyinkimbinkimbi yezinguquko ezingokwenyama nezingokomzwelo, ezingabonwa ngamaphesenti angama-80 abesifazane besifazane abaneminyaka yobudala yokubeletha. Kulaba besifazane abaningi, izimpawu ze-PMS ezenzeka engxenyeni yesibili yomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini zichazwe kancane futhi zibekezelela kalula. Kodwa-ke, kumacala angama-5%, izinguquko ezingokomzimba nezingokwengqondo ezihambisana nendlela yokuya esikhathini ziyacaca kangangokuthi zinomthelela omkhulu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, kuze kube nokukhubazeka okukhulu.
Ukuqashelwa kwesayensi
I-PMS ibonwe njengesifo sangempela kuphela eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukusabalalisa kwawo kuye kwanda kakhulu. Ngokusho kwabacwaningi abaningi, lokhu kungenziwa ngenxa yokuphila kwanamuhla nendlela yokudla. Intombi yamantombazane, emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, owesifazane wachitha ingxenye ebalulekile yokuzala kwakhe esimweni sokukhulelwa, okuvimbela ukuhlukaniswa kwe-PMS njengesimiso esizimele esiyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuvama kwe-PMS
I-PMS ingahlakulela kuphela uma owesifazane enezikhukhula kanye nokuya esikhathini. Ngenxa yalezi zinqubo, iqanda liyashiya i-ovary njalo ngenyanga, futhi cishe amasonto amabili kamuva ukuphuma esikhathini sokuya esikhathini. Ngakho-ke, i-PMS ayikwazi ukugcinwa kuze kube sekukhusheni, ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini noma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. I-PMS ivame kakhulu kubantu besifazane abaneminyaka engama-30 kuya ku-40, kodwa kungenzeka nganoma isiphi isikhathi, kusukela ebusheni kuya ekubeni ngumhlalaphansi.
Izici zokufaka izinto zihlanganisa:
• ukutholakala komlando womndeni we-PMS;
• ukubeletha kwamuva noma ukukhipha isisu;
• ukuqala noma ukuvimbela izisu zokubeletha ngomlomo;
• ukucindezeleka kwangemva kokubeletha.
Sekuyiminyaka eminingi ososayensi bezama ukuthola izimbangela ze-PMS, kodwa i-etiology eqondile yalesi sifo ayikakabonakali. Ukuxhumana okusobala phakathi kokuqala kwezimpawu kanye nokujikeleza kokuya esikhathini kubonisa indima ethile yokushintshashintsha kwezinga lamahomoni.
Izimbangela ezingenzeka
Kucatshangwa ukuthi ubukhulu bezimpawu ze-PMS bungathinteka yizici ezilandelayo:
• ukungalingani kwama-hormone e-sex (isrogen ne-progesterone);
• ukwandisa izinga leprolactin (i-hormone ehilelekile ekulawulweni komsebenzi wokuzala nokulahla);
• ukwehla kwamazinga e-serotonin, okwenza ukwanda komzwelo womzimba kuguquke emazingeni amahomoni.
Indima yokuntula ukudla okungenamsoco, ukungabi namsoco kanye nokusebenza komzimba nakho akukhipha. Kukholelwa ukuthi i-PMS iqala ngaphansi kwethonya lazo zonke izici, nakuba kuleso simo ngasinye i-pathogenesis iyodwa.
Izimpawu
Ngokomqondo wanamuhla, kunezibonakaliso ezingaphezu kuka-150 ezibonakalayo ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo we-PMS. Okujwayelekile kunazo zonke:
ububele bezintuthwane ezincelisayo;
• ikhanda;
• i-edema;
• ukubhuqa oku-3;
• Ukuqokwa noma isifo sohudo;
• ukuguqula ukudla; b ubuhlungu emuva; izikhumba zesikhumba (ngokwesibonelo, i-acne).
Ukubonakaliswa kweSomatic ka-PMS kungabangela ukukhathazeka okuphawulekayo kowesifazane, kodwa izinguquko ezingokomzwelo zingase zicindezele nakakhulu.
Lokhu kufaka:
- ukuqina ngokomzwelo (ukushintsha kwemizwelo), ukuqhubekela phambili ekucindezelekeni;
- ukucasula;
- ukwehlisa ukuzethemba;
- ukukhathala;
- ikhono lokukhubazeka lokugxila.
Izimpawu ze-PMS zihluke kakhulu kangangokuthi ukuxilongwa kwazo kusekelwe ngokuyinhloko esikhathini sokuqala kwazo (isigamu sesibili somjikelezo wesimiso). Uma izimpawu ziqhubeka ngemva kokuphela kokuya esikhathini nokuqala komjikelezo wesikhathi ozayo, ukungaxilongwa kwe-PMS akunakwenzeka. Ucwaningo oluqondile noma izivivinyo ze-laboratory ezenza kube lula ukuthola ukuthi i-PMS ayikho. Kodwa-ke, ukuze ungabandakanyi ezinye izimbangela zokubonakala kwezimpawu, isibonelo, izifo ze-hormonal, ukuhlolwa okuphelele kungenziwa.
Ukuxazulula i-pms
Lapho ukuxilongwa kwenziwa, ubuhlobo obuphakathi kokuqala kwezimpawu kanye nesigaba sokujikeleza kokuya esikhathini kubhekwa. Isiguli singakwazi ukurekhoda le datha sisodwa izinyanga ezingu-3-4, bese sibakhombisa udokotela esithombeni noma sizisebenzise ukuze sizihlole. Kuze kube manje, ayikho imithi ekhethekile ye-ICP, kodwa kunezinyathelo eziningi ezingasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu futhi ngcono kakhulu izinga lempilo yesiguli.
Ukuziqapha
Akuwona wonke owesifazane ohlukunyezwa yi-PMS odinga ukwelashwa. Ezinye iziguli ziphawula ukuthi lezi zimpawu zinciphisa kakhulu noma zinyamalale ngezinyathelo ezilula. Ukushintshela ekudleni okunempilo nge-fat fat kanye ne-high fiber content (kufana nokudla okuvame ukuphakanyiswa ukuvimbela izifo zesimo senhliziyo kanye nokuthuthukisa isimo somzimba jikelele). Ukudla okuyizinhlanzi njalo ngamahora amathathu. Kuqaphele ukuthi ukusebenzisa okuvamile imikhiqizo equkethe ama-carbohydrate eziyinkimbinkimbi, kusiza ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwe-PMS. Ukuzivocavoca njalo kuthuthukisa isimo sengqondo. Ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokuphumuza, njenge-yoga noma i-Chinese Tai Chi Chuan yokuzivocavoca, nakho kuyasiza kakhulu.
• Ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwe-caffeine nokuphuza utshwala.
• Ukwamukela izithako zokudla eziqukethe amavithamini
kanye nama-microelements. Kukhona izincazelo zamacala okunciphisa okuphawulekayo izimpawu ze-PMS ngemuva kokungenisa amafutha e-primrose no-vitamin B1; kwezinye imithombo, umphumela ozuzisayo wezithasiselo zokudla nge magnesium, calcium kanye ne-zinc kubikwa. Ayikho uhlelo olulodwa lwezokwelapha olusebenzayo lwe-PMS. Uma ushintsho ekudleni nasekuziphatheni akulethisi ngcono noma izimpawu zesifo zibizwa, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa imithi ethile:
• i-progesterone - inikezwa ngesimo se-suppository yama-rectal noma yama-vaginal;
kungasiza ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa okunjalo kwe-PMS njengokucasula, ukukhathazeka nokugcoba kwezigulane ezincelisayo;
• Ukubhekwa kwezibeletho zomlomo - kunqunyelwe ukuvimbela ukuvuthwa; Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuholela ekubuyeni kwesimo;
• I-Estrogen plasters - idinga ukuphathwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kwemithi encane ye progesterone ukuvikela i-endometrium;
• Izidakamizwa zokucindezeleka - ikakhulukazi ezivela eqenjini le-serotonin reuptake inhibitors; kunomthelela ekuqedeni ukubonakaliswa ngokomzwelo kwe-PMS;
• izidakamizwa - eziphumelelayo ekuvupheni okukhulu;
• i-danazol ne-bromocriiptype - ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukungenwa kwesisu ne-PMS.
I-Reflexology, i-aromatherapy kanye nemithi ye-herbal nayo ibhekwa njengendlela yokulwa ne-PMS. Iziguli zivame ukuzisebenzisa uma zicabanga ukuthi izincomo ezivamile zingasebenzi noma udokotela uyaphatha ngokungazi kahle isimo sabo. Ochwepheshe kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngokuvamile banethuba lokuzinikela isikhathi esiningi esigulini kunodokotela ojwayelekile, okuyinto ngokuqinisekile inzuzo yabo.