Izinhlobo zewayini
Ukuze uqonde iphutha, okokuqala kudingeka ukwazi ukuthi kwenzekani nokuthi yini umahluko. Yiqiniso, okokuqala konke kuxhomeke kuhlobo lwamagilebhisi, okuzovela ngalo iwayini kamuva. Izinhlobo ezimhlophe zitholakala ezinhlobonhlobo ezikhanyayo. Umbala wesiphuzo ungaba kusuka egolide kuya eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Uma iwayini ligcinwa iminyaka eminingi, umbala wayo uba yinto enhle, futhi ukunambitheka kuyazuza amandla engeziwe. Ukuze kusetshenziswe iwayini elibomvu, izinhlobo zomvini ziyasetshenziswa. Omdala iwayini, umbala uba mnyama.
Emva kokuvuna, amagilebhisi athola inqubo ekhethekile yokuphenduka iwayini, eliqinile, elikhazimulayo noma elivuthayo.
Iwayini lethebula limile kanye ne-semidry (semisweet). Uma ushukela wamagilebhisi ophuzwa kuwo, uphethwe ngokuphelele, okungukuthi, awuhlali, iwayini libizwa ngokuthi elomile. Ibonakala ngokunambitheka kwe-acidic futhi imelana nesitoreji. I-semi-dry, noma i-semisweet, ebizwa ngokuthi iwayini, ehlanganisa u-8% ushukela. Ngenxa yokuthi iwayini alivali ngokuphelele, izinqubo ze-biochemical ziyaqhubeka zikhona kuwo, ngisho nangemva kokubhoboza amabhodlela ezigayini. Emabhodleleni, iwayini liqhubeka livuthiwe, amawayini omile anomile awakwazi ukumelana nokugcina. Amawayini amhlophe akhiqiza inqubo yokuvutshelwa ngaphandle kwesikhumba, isuswa ngokushesha ngemuva kokucindezela ijusi. Emvinini abomvu ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa, ngokuphambene nalokho, ikhasi lishiywe.
Iwayini eliqinisiwe liyi-dessert futhi liqinile. Konke kuncike kokuqukethwe kotshwala kuwo. Iwayini le-dessert lingaba ne-17% yotshwala ekubunjweni kwayo, iqinisekiswe kuze kube ngu-20%. Yenezela ekuphuzeni ukuphuza inqubo yokuvuthwa kwewayini ebhodleleni. Ngakho-ke, iwayini ithola inqaba eyengeziwe. Kokubili i-dessert newayini enezivikelo eziqinile ziqukethe ushukela, kufika ku-20% no-13% ngokulandelana. Uma inani likashukela likhuphukela ku-30%, leli vele libizwa ngokuthi i-liqueur.
I-Champagne
Iwayini elidumile kakhulu elimhlophe, yiqiniso, liyi-champagne. Kithi iningi labantu ngokungalungi libiza noma yiliphi iwayini elinamabhalt. Eqinisweni, izwe laleli phuzo yisifundazwe saseFrance saseChampagne, futhi lapho kuphela ungazama i-champagne yangempela. Iwayini elimnandi libizwa ngokuthi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-vermouth, eziqhubekayo ezitshalweni. I-vermouth edume kakhulu yi-Martini.
Ulwazi oluvela elebula
Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana newayini, udinga ukubheka ilebula. Kukhona unyaka wokuvuna, ushukela kanye nokuqukethwe kotshwala. Ngesikhathi sewayini eliguga kungaba yinto evamile, isivuno kanye neqoqo. Iwayini elivamile lineminyaka engangonyaka, ukuvuna sekugugile iminyaka eminingana, futhi iqoqo lewayini liye lakhulile iminyaka eminingi, kanti isivuno sasivunwa ngonyaka ohle. I-Alk Yokubheka. Kubonisa okuqukethwe kotshwala kwesiphuzo, futhi idijithi elandelayo ene-% ibonisa inani leshukela. Futhi, akuyona into engafanele ukuphawula ukuthi iwayini elimhlophe livame ukusetshenziselwa ukudoba izitsha, obomvu kufikela enyameni nasemdlalweni, kanye ne-dessert ukuze kube nokuphatha okumnandi. Ukudla okuhle kwewayini kuyinto ushizi. Iwayini liyiphuzo elidinga kakhulu. Ngokuvamile akutholakali ku-cocktails, akuyona into engokwesiko ukuyifaka ikhofi noma ukuphuza kanyekanye nezinye izinhlobo zotshwala.
Yondla etafuleni
Ukuze waziwa njenge-connoisseur futhi ukwazi ukuqonda iwayini, udinga ukwazi ukuthi yikuphi ukushisa okufanele kuhanjiswe etafuleni. Iwayini elibomvu linikezwa lingalondoloziwe. Okumhlophe nokubomvu ngaphambi kokukhonza kungenziwa amahora amabili noma amathathu esiqandisini. Ungakhohlwa iwayini lapho isikhathi eside noma ulondoloze efrijini. Ingakwazi ukulahlekelwa ngokuphelele ukunambitheka nokuvutha kwayo. Kuyinto evamile ukugcina i-champagne ku-pail ekhethekile ngeqhwa, ukuze lihlale isikhathi eside kunalesi. Ngezinye izikhathi i-ice encane iyengezwa iwayini. Amawayini amhlophe avulwa ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, obomvu angabanjwanga amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokukhonza etafuleni, ukuze "aphefumule" kancane.
Ubuciko bokuphuza
Iqiniso liwayini, futhi kubalulekile ukwazi umthamo wakho. Ngamanani amancane, iwayini lisiza umuntu ukuba azizwe kangcono, aphumule futhi abe nomphakathi. Kulesi simo, udinga ukuphuza iwayini elihle kuphela, ukuze ugweme imizwa emibi emva kweholidi.
Amazwe amaningi adumile ngokuwina kwawo. Abakhiqizi bewayini abahamba phambili yiFrance ne-Italy, ngamasiko abo aminyaka eminyaka kanye nokuziqhenya ekukhiqizeni isiphuzo. Kodwa-ke, ukuthenga iwayini eliphakeme kunazo zonke iwayini akulona i-guarantor, ukuthi lewayini izokujabulisa. Lapha, njenganoma yiliphi elinye ibhizinisi lokugcoba, sidinga okuhlangenwe nakho okunye. Kuyafaneleka ukuzama amawayini, zama izinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene futhi kusukela kubakhiqizi abahlukene. Ngale ndlela, ungakwazi ukunquma iphutha luni izwe noma indawo ethize, okuyizinto ezihlukahlukene ezithandayo kunabanye. Khona-ke ungathola injabulo eyengeziwe futhi uzuze iwayini.