Iqiniso liwukuthi noma iyiphi into ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ingaba yingozi. Noma yikuphi okungaba nethonya elibi empilweni yomuntu, kunombuzo owodwa womthamo noma ukuhlushwa, amandla kanye nobude bokuchayeka. Isibonelo, amanzi ajwayelekile ezivela emithonjeni ejulile engcolile ngamakhemikhali anobungozi avame ukuqoqwa ezindaweni ezingezansi. Lapha lithathwa izitshalo bese kuthi kanye nabo lingangena emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho amanzi (ngokunembile, ubuthi kuwo) ngesikhathi esifushane angaba nemiphumela eyingozi kakhulu empilweni yomuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-oksijeni ephilisa ukuphila, ezimweni ezithile nezimo, i-toxin eyingozi ngempela. Umoya, ikakhulukazi emadolobheni amakhulu, ungcolile yizinto eziningi eziyingozi ezisongela impilo futhi kaningi - impilo.
I-toxic ingatholakala kabanzi futhi isetshenziswe usawoti usawoti (i-sodium chloride) ngisho ne-glucose, uma kunjalo, uma isetshenziswe ngokulingana okukhulu. Amanzi olwandle ocebile usawoti awunakulungele ukuphuza ngokuqondile ngenxa yokuhlushwa okukhulu kwalawo usawoti, onobuthi obukhulu.
Ama-distilled amanzi nawo ayingozi kakhulu empilweni yakho. Ukuphazamiseka ukuthi amanzi ahlanzekile ngokuphelele, kodwa lokhu kuyingozi kulo. Akuqukethe izithako ezengeziwe ezidingekayo ekuphileni. Amanzi anjalo ayitholakali ngokuphelele emzimbeni, futhi ngokusetshenziswa njalo akukudla.
Okufanelekile, amagesi ahloniphekile ayinobuthi kubantu. Ngakho-ke, i-nitrogen (ingxenye eyinhloko yomoya), i-hydrogen, noma igesi elinama-hydrocarbon e-aliphatic alula, njenge-methethane, i-ethane ne-propane, ayiyona into enobuthi. Kodwa uma umuntu ohlala emakamelweni angenawo umoya angeneza igesi elingasebenzi emzimbeni - ngokuphathelene nokunyuka kokugxilwa kwawo emkhathini wendlu - kuyingozi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, i-oksijeni ixoshwa emoyeni - izimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-ischemia ezinzima zomzimba. Ngakho-ke inkolelo, into engekho enobuthi ngokuphelele iba ngaphansi kwalesi simo isimo esibi empilweni yomuntu.
Umqondo wobuthi bezinto ezihlukahlukene ngokuhambisana nolwazi lwanamuhla luqondwa kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili. Uhlu lwezinto ezinobungozi alukhawulelanga kuma-poisons awaziwayo "omlando" afana ne-arsenic, i-cyanide, i-strychnine, i-curare, i-almeniid ye-hemlock, i-hemlock), inyoka, izinambuzane eziqukethwe kwesinye isikhunta. Ixhaswa izinto eziningi, ezimweni ezithile kanye nezimo, zibe yi-toxic kusuka ephephile. Nakuba abanye bangasongela empilweni ngisho nasekuphileni komuntu.
Isibonelo esihle kakhulu sezinto ezinjalo, esetshenziswa kabanzi emafomu ahlukahlukene, i-ethanol. Yilokho okungase kube nomuthi ngaphakathi kosuku olulodwa. Ukusetshenziswa kwezilinganiso eziqondile kakhulu ze-ethanol emithi kuphephile kubantu abaningi. Ukudlula umthamo ofanayo noma ukuhlanganiswa namanye amakhemikhali okwelapha kungaba yingozi kakhulu. Ngenxa yokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa ezimbi, i-ethanol ingabangela izimpawu ezimbi kakhulu ngenxa yomonakalo ezithombeni nasezintweni futhi zonakalise umsebenzi wazo.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunabantu abanokwethenjelwa kwezakhi zofuzo emiphumeleni yezinto ezibonakala njengezinyosi. Ngamane nje, abakwazi ukuzondisa ngoketshezi noma yimuphi omunye umuntu. Kunzima ukusho ukuthi ngabe "ukuzivikela" okunjalo kuvela ngenxa yokuxhumana njalo ne-toxin noma ukuthi kukhona esinye isizathu. Yiqiniso, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, izindlela zokuzivikela eziphathekayo zingabonakala, kodwa akukho ukulungiswa kwesayense kwalokhu. Kulula nje, kukhona abantu abangenakucabangela, ngokwesibonelo, ukushaya inyoka. Noma labo ababekezelela kalula ukukhululeka kwe-ethyl alcohol (ngendlela eyakho, futhi, i-toxin enamandla).
Iqiniso nezinganekwane mayelana nezinto ezinobuthi
Ukwaziswa komphakathi ngalokho okuyingozi empilweni yabantu futhi lokho kungabi yingozi enkulu kubonakala kukhula futhi kwanda. Kodwa okwamanje akwanele, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, lapho, ngeshwa, abantu bavame ukudukiswa.
Isibonelo, kunombono ophakanyisiwe (ngisho naphakathi kwezinye odokotela) ukuthi i-metallic mercury iyingozi kakhulu. Ngokuvamile abazali abanesisindo se-mercury thermometer endlini yabo besaba ukuthi bazokwephula futhi babuthi bonke abantu ngosuku olulodwa. Kodwa okwamanje ku-thermometers enjalo akukho i-mercury metallic! Kukhona i-mercury evamile ye-liquid, eneziphephelo ezingase zibe yingozi, kodwa kuphela uma ixhunyiwe ngemithamo emikhulu nangesikhathi eside. I-mercury ye-metal, ngokuphambene nayo, iyingozi ngisho nakwi-microdoses, njengamakhemikhali amaningi angahlanganiswa ensimbi encibilikisiwe.
Ubuhlungu bemikhiqizo ethile buqokwe abantu abaningi futhi buhlolwa ngokungenakukwazi ngokuphelele. Isibonelo, ngokusekelwe ukunambitheka kwabo, ukunambitheka nokubukeka. Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi babambe i-mushroom enobuthi nje ngoba kubuhlungu, noma ngenxa yokuthi isigqoko sabo singaphansi kosizi ngenxa yokucindezelwa noma ngaphansi kwethonya lokukhanya. Eqinisweni, uma i-fungus ibaba noma cha, ibumnyama ngaphansi kwethonya lokukhanya. Kusukela ekubonweni kwezinto eziyingozi, konke lokhu akusizi ngalutho! Ubuthi obukhulu befungi buxhomeke ekubeni khona kwama-toxic agents ngaphakathi kwabo, okuyinto ikhala lomuntu noma ezinye izindlela ezilula ezingenakuzibona.
Kwakukhona izikhathi eziningi ukuthi abanye abantu ngokuphutha baphuza izidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene ezinobuthi ezine-ethylene glycol. Isibonelo, i-brake fluid, okuyinto yobuthi obuyingozi kakhulu. Cishe zonke izimo, umuntu wayeqiniseka ukuthi akuyona into enobuthi ketshezi, ikakhulukazi, ngokuqondile ngoba yayijabulisa kumnandi.
I-Denaturates cishe icatshangelwa ukuthi ingenye yezinyosi ezimbi kunazo zonke eziyingozi kubantu. Eqinisweni, zinjengezifo ezinjengezinye izinhlobo ze-ethyl alcohol.
Igesi yemvelo, esetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla, libhekwa njengento enobuthi, kanti ukukhululwa kokushisa okungapheli kwe-carbon monoxide kwenza kube yingozi kakhulu empilweni nasekuphileni. I-gesi yemvelo empeleni ingenye imbangela, okokuqala iyingozi kubantu - iqoqa ezindaweni ezifakiwe. Ngaphezu kokususa i-oksijeni kuyo, ingakwazi ukuqhuma kungazelelwe ngamandla amakhulu. Iphunga elimnandi ngokuvamile lidala ukwesaba futhi liholele ezitheni ezingamanga mayelana nokusola okusolwayo. Kodwa akuzona zonke iphunga elimnandi eliyingozi! Bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi i-carbon monoxide ekhishwe ekushiseni okungapheli kwegesi yemvelo ayinamaphutha ngokuphelele, kodwa izikhathi eziningana ziyingozi nakakhulu. Yilokho kanye ongakwenza ubuthi - ngelinye ilanga kunezinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela eziphikisanayo. Lokhu kwanele ukuthola umthamo obulalayo.
Naphezu kokungaphumeleli kanye nezikhala eziningi kolwazi olutholakala emphakathini wanamuhla, abantu bazi okuningi ngezingozi zobuthi bezinto ezihlukahlukene. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kunezinkolelo eziningi ezingalungile kule ndawo. Kunoma yikuphi, ukuqashelwa kwesongo kungcono kunokuphika kwayo.