Steven Spielberg, biography

USteven Spielberg, owaziwa ngaye owaqala emzini waseCincinnati, e-Ohio, wazalwa emndenini ovamile kakhulu. USteven Spielberg wazalelwa ngoDisemba 18, 1946. Ubaba wakhe wayenomlando ovamile kakhulu. USpielberg Sr. wayengumjiniyela olula. Igama lakhe kwakungu-Arnold. Unina womfana, uLeah we-pianist, naye wayeyi-biography ejwayelekile kakhulu. UStephen wakhulela emndenini lapho wayenodadewabo abathathu abadala: u-Anne, uNancy noSue. UStefanu wabonisa indlela yokufunda ukwenza amafilimu, eneminyaka eyishumi nambili. Ngaleso sikhathi uSpielberg Sr. wathola njengesethulo ikhamera yefilimu eyisishiyagalombili. UStefanu wayevame ukuthatha ngaphandle kwemvume kubazali bakhe futhi wafunda ukudubula. U-Spielberg osemusha wenza ifilimu yakhe yokuqala emfushane eminyakeni eyishumi nane. Kule ifilimu, kwatshelwa ngeMpi Yezwe Yesibili futhi yayibizwa ngokuthi "Flight to Nowhere". Khona-ke zonke izindima zadlalwa ngamalungu omndeni womqondisi wesikhathi esizayo, futhi akekho owayeke wacabanga ukuthi i-biography kaSteven Spielberg izobe isekelwe ebucikweni bakhe.

Ngaleso sikhathi, le nsizwa yaneka kuphela ukuxhumanisa impilo yakhe ne-cinema futhi ngokushesha yangena emnyangweni wefilimu we-University of California. Ngendlela, i-biography kaStephen ithi esikoleni wayengekho umfundi ongcono kakhulu hhayi umfundi ofanele kakhulu. Kodwa ithalenta yombono oqondile wefreyimu yamsiza yena kanye nomfana baqala ukufunda ibhizinisi lakhe eliyintandokazi. I-biography yakhe njengomqondisi iqala ngo-1964. Ngaleso sikhathi uStephen wafaka ifilimu yakhe yokuqala, eyayibizwa ngokuthi "Ukukhanya kweLangabi". Kwakuyi-tape emnandi, idutshulwe ifilimu eyishumi nesithupha-millimeter, eyadlula amahora angaphezu kwamabili nengxenye. Kulesi sithombe, uSpielberg wathola inzuzo yakhe yokuqala njengomqondisi - ama-dollar ayikhulu.

Lapho uSteven eneminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye ubudala, abazali bakhe bahlukanisa. Umfana wayehlala nonina nodadewabo. Le nhlukaniso yathinte umfana, ngoba, yingakho, kumafilimu amaningi amaningi, kukhona umugqa okhuluma mayelana nokuphumula nokubuyiselwa komndeni.

Isithombe sesibili sakwa "Spielberg" sikaSpielberg, eyayiyisifilimu esifushane, saqaphela esikhwameni sika-Univarsal futhi ngemuva kwalokho uSpielberg wanikezwa umsebenzi kuthelevishini. Kodwa kuphela ukudubula ama-soap opas for Spielberg yayilingana nesihogo.

Impumelelo ku-Spielberg yafika ngokungalindelekile. Yena ngokwakhe akazange ngisho acabange ukuthi ifilimu yethelevishini "iDuel" izoba yilapho izakhamuzi zibukeka kahle futhi zizokhulunywa njengomqondisi. Le filimu yethelevishini yanikezwa umklomelo emcimbini wase-Avoriaz, lapho amafilimu amnandi aphikisana khona. "I-Sugarland Express" kwakungenye impumelelo emsebenzini wezokuqondisa we-Young Spielberg. Ngengxenye ebalulekile yalesi sithombe esinezinkanyezi zeGoldie Hope, futhi le filimu yamiswa emkhosini waseCannes. USpielberg wayefaniswa ngisho nomqondisi ongenakukhubazeka ovela eFrance uFrançois Truffaut.

Khona-ke i-blockbuster yokuqala yaphuma ezikrinini, eziqoqwe ehhovisi lebhokisi i-dollar eziyizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amabili namashumi ayisithupha. Kwakuyifilimu ethi "Jaws". Kwakukhona ngemuva kwakhe ukuthi kwacaca kuwo wonke umuntu ukuthi kwakunguSpielberg owayengomunye wabaqondisi abakhulu kunazo zonke eHollywood. Ifilimu ngayinye yaba yinto ephawulekayo yonyaka, futhi izilaleli zazilindela ngomdlandla olandelayo ngobuciko esibukweni. Ngaleso sikhathi amafilimu athi "Alien", "Vala oxhumana nabo ngezinga lesithathu", i-trilogy mayelana ne-Indiana Jones yabonakala.

Kwaphela isikhathi esincane, futhi uSpielberg wanquma ukuthi kwakudingeka akwandise insimu yakhe yomsebenzi. Ngakho-ke, umqondisi wanquma ukuzizama njengomkhiqizi. Ngenxa yobuholi bakhe obubucayi kanye nekhono lokubona izinkanyezi ezinokwenzeka, abaqondisi abanolwazi abanolwazi njengoRobert Zemeckis, uChris Columbus, Joe Dante, Bob Gale, Barry Levinson, Kevin Reynolds, Don Blatt nabanye bavula umhlaba wabo. U-Spielberg wayengumkhiqizi wezinhlanzi ezinjalo, ezithandwa namuhla, ezifana ne-trilogy "Emuva Esikhathini Esizayo", "Umsila waseMelika", "Ngubani owafaka uRoger Rabbit".

Ngo-1984, uSpielberg uhlela i-studio yakhe, futhi uyibiza ngokuhlonipha ifilimu elifushane, ngenxa yokuthi wathola umsebenzi kuthelevishini. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye ubudala, uSteven unquma ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokudubula izithombe hhayi kuphela izikrini ezinkulu, kodwa ithelevishini. Ngakho-ke, uveza uchungechunge oluningi lwethelevishini namathelevishini. U-Spielberg ungumkhiqizi uchungechunge olunjalo oludumile noluchungechunge oluthiwa yi-"The Adventure of toonts", "SiKvest", "First Aid".

Uma sikhuluma ngokuphila komuntu siqu ka-Spielberg, ngo-1989 wahlukana nalona wesifazane, owashada okokuqala-u-Emi Irving. Iqiniso liwukuthi lo wesifazane wayakwazisa imali yomqondisi onethalente ngaphezu kweyakhe. Kodwa, kodwa uSpielberg wayenenhlanhla nomkakhe wesibili, umlingisi uKeith Capshaw. Ngalo, wahlangana ngenkathi eqoshwa i-movie ethi "Indiana Jones neThempeli LaseDoom," futhi lapho umshado nomkakhe wokuqala beqhekekile, waqaphela ukuthi yilo wesifazane ayedinga. USteven Spielberg unabantwana abayisikhombisa. Ngendlela, indodana yakhe endala, uMax Spielberg usuqale ukuzama ukuzimela ensimini, kodwa kuze kube manje, izihlobo zakhe nabangane bakhe abaseduze kuphela babone amafilimu akhe.

Ngo-1993, uSteven Spielberg wanikezwa i-Oscar okokuqala empilweni yakhe. Ifilimu ephakanyiselwe umklomelo yayinguLuhlu lukaSchindler. Ngaphezu kwe "Oscar" yokuqondisa umsebenzi, le filimu nayo yathola umklomelo omkhulu kunazo zonke ezinhlotsheni ezifana nokuhlelwa kwefilimu, umsindo womculo kanye nomsebenzi we-cameraman. . Leli phephandaba lilandisa ngengozi enkulu yamaJuda phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yesibili. Kwakukhona ukuthi abaningi baseMelika abazi ngeHolocaust kanye nesiqephu sefilimu kwavele kwazamazama.

Ngo-1998, uSpielberg wathatha enye impi yempi, eyayivulela izethameli izinjabulo nezinkathazo zokuphila kwamasosha. Le filimu kwakuyisithombe "Ukulondoloza i-Ryan eyimfihlo".

Ngo-1994, kwakhiwa i-Dream Drinks studio, eyasungulwa nguSpielberg, owayengumqondisi we-Disney uJeffrey Katzenberg nomkhiqizi womculo uDavid Geffen. Phakathi kokukhiqizwa kwefilimu yalesi studio kwakuyi-blockbusters eminingi namathangi wezinzwa. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka engamashumi amabili nanye, uSpielberg wayedubula eziningi zezinwele ezintathu futhi izilaleli zase ziqala ukucabanga ukuthi umqondisi wayelahlekelwe yini ikhono lakhe elidala. Kodwa, namuhla kuphawulwe ukuthi amafilimu kaSpielberg athola ukuthandwa futhi uphinde wabhekwa njengomqondisi umhlabeleli waseHollywood.