Ngokuqinisekile abantu abaningi bayazi ukuthi inkulumo ethi "isikhumba njengengane". Njalo intombazane, lapho izwa ukuncoma okunjalo ekhelini layo, iyojabula kakhulu futhi ijabule. Ngoba le nkulumo ihlobene
ngento enhle, enesithambile, e-velvet, ngombala obomvu obomvu.
Ngakho kufanele kube emntwaneni, kodwa kwenzeke okuphambene nalokho, lapho isikhumba somntwana sishiya kakhulu sifuna futhi sifunde abazali.
Okokuqala, abazali abasha bakhathazekile ngokunakekelwa kahle kwengane kanye nesimo sempilo yakhe nesikhumba. Isibonelo, ukunakekela isikhumba somntanakho, okufanele kube yikuphi, ukuxwayisa nokuthi yini okufanele ulandele. Le mibuzo idinga incazelo eningi futhi eningiliziwe. Manje sizokhuluma ngalokhu.
Imisebenzi yesikhumba nesakhiwo sayo.
Isikhumba somuntu siqukethe izingqimba ezimbili (i-epidermis ne-dermis). I-Epidermis - isikhumba sangaphandle esikhumbeni, esakhiwa ngamacandzi ama-horny kanye nesisekelo se-basal. I-Dermis - ingaphansi kwe-epidermis futhi iyisicubu esisebenzayo lapho izinwele zezinwele zikhona. Futhi futhi izigulane ze-sebaceous and sweat.
Isikhumba senza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile:
· Ukuvikela
· I-Excretory
· Ukulawula Ukushisa Ukushisa
· Ukuphefumula
· Ezwelayo
· Ukuhlangana
Isikhumba esanda kuzalwa.
Lezo zici, esizikhulume ngazo ngenhla, zitholakala kokubili omdala nomntwana osanda kuzalwa. Manje sizokhuluma ngezici zokunakekela isikhumba ingane. Isikhumba sezingane ezincane sizwela kakhulu, sinobuciko obuningi obangela ingane ukuba isengozini futhi ibe yingozi. Bonke laba bazali abasha kudingeka bazi ngalezi zici ukuze banikeze usana oluhle ukunakekelwa okuhle.
· Umntwana osanda kuzalwa unesikhumba esincane (3-4 imigqa yamaseli). Njengoba lokhu lendlalelo yenza umsebenzi wokuzivikela, ngenxa yobungako bayo, ingane kulula kakhulu ukulimaza. Uhlaka oluncane lwesikhumba alukwenzi ngokugcwele umsebenzi we-thermoregulatory, ngakho-ke ingane isheshe ikhululeke futhi ifinyelele.
· Izinsana zinezingqimba ezingavamile, lapho i-epidermis ne-dermis zixhunyiwe khona. Ngakho-ke, ingane ngaphezu kwabantu abadala iyakwazi ukungena emzimbeni wesifo.
· Ukungena kokutheleleka egazini kubuye kwenziwe lula ngenethiwekhi ethuthukile yama-capillary. Kodwa ngaphandle kwalokhu, ikhuthaza ukushintshaniswa kwegesi okuhle kesikhumba. Ngamanye amazwi, umsebenzi wokuzivikela wesikhumba wengane uphansi kakhulu kunesikhumba somuntu omdala.
· Esinye isici sesikhumba sesekusana siwukuthi sinamanzi angu-80-90, ngokungafani nomuntu omdala, okuqukethwe kwamanzi okungu-65-70%. Lokhu okuqukethwe kwamanzi emzimbeni womntwana kufanele kugcinwe ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngoba ngenxa yesikhumba esincane sesikhumba, amanzi aqhuma ngokushesha ngokushisa okukhulayo futhi isikhumba soma.
· Isikhumba ezinganeni ezincane asivikelwe kahle ekungeneni kwemisebe ye-ultra violet ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-melanin ephansi.
Amathiphu okunakekela isikhumba somntanakho.
· Qinisekisa izinga lokushisa elihle kakhulu. Lesi sici, kanye nezinqubo zokuhlanzeka, kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunakekeleni kahle isikhumba somntwana. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ukuze isikhumba somntwana sigcine izinga lokushisa njalo futhi lingalahlekelwa inani lamanzi adingekayo emzimbeni, ngoba isikhumba somntwana osanda kuzalwa asikwazi ukubhekana nomsebenzi wokushisa. Ekamelweni lapho ingane ikhona khona, udinga ukugcina ukushisa okuqhubekayo, cishe ama-degrees angu-20, ukuvikela ukushisa, kungenjalo ingane ingahle ikhule.
• Hlanza ngokuphelele umntwana osanda kuzalwa. Uma kungabikho ukuphikisana, ingane idinga ukugeza nsuku zonke. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga amanzi kusuka kumathinathi. Ukushisa kwamanzi kumele kube ngama-36-37 degrees. Isixazululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate kumele senezelwe emanzini. Kabili ngeviki, ugeza umntwana ngengane, ugeze ikhanda lomntwana izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngesonto nge-sese baby noma i-shampoo ekhethekile yengane. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi kungenakwenzeka ukuthi umntwana osanda kuzalwa angasuswa ngamanzi angenamkhawulo aqukethe isisombululo se-manganese.
Nciphisa isikhumba. Nsuku zonke, bheka isikhumba somntanakho. Uma ubona izindawo ezomile, zithuthukise. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amakhambi asekhaya (amafutha omnqumo noma amafutha e-sunflower), ayenziwe ngaphambili. I-Vaseline ingabuye isetshenziselwe ukunyusa, kodwa ayikho ephumelelayo.
· Ukwelapha izikhumba zemvelo. Ngemuva kokugcoba isikhumba somntwana osanda kuzalwa, phatha amahlumela endlebeni, emadolweni, entanyeni nakwamanye amafolda. Faka isicelo salokhu ungakwazi ukhethe ukhilimu womntwana okhethekile. Ukucubungula ukhilimu wonke umzimba awunakwenzeka. Njengoba lokhu kuzovala ama-pores futhi isikhumba sizoyeka ukuphefumula. Lokhu kungabangela i-hypoxia noma ukuntuleka kwe-oksijini egazini.
· Yenza isilonda somzimba. Isilonda se-umbilical kufanele siphathwe kuze kube yilapho isivaliwe ngokuphelele futhi ngeke kube khona ukukhipha ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Kule nqubo uzodinga isixazululo esingu-3% se-hydrogen peroxide. Lapho usingatha, hambisa imiphetho yensimu yomlomo. Amagundane asezansi kwesilonda kufanele asuswe. Ngemuva kokufeza le nqubo, phatha umthamo wesisindo nge-1-2% isisombululo se-brilliant green (zelenok) noma i-5% ye-potassium permanganate. Ngokuningiliziwe nokubukeka, lokhu kuzokufundisa umhlengikazi ovakashelayo.
· Nikeza umntwana osanda kuzalwa nge-air and sunbathing . Abazali bacabanga ukuthi yilokho abakukhubaza ingane yabo. Kodwa ngaphandle kwalokhu, lezi zinqubo zibaluleke kakhulu ekuhlanzeni isikhumba, njengoba zisiza ingane ukuba ilahle ukujuluka nokukhwabanisa kwe-diaper. Uma ugeza, ingane kufanele ingabi ilanga eliqondile, ngoba isikhumba somntwana asivikelekile kahle emisebeni ye-ultra violet. Angakwazi ukulala phansi engadini ngaphansi kwesihlahla noma kwi-veranda, ngokwemvelo, uma izinga lokushisa lomoya livumela. Le nqubo isisiza ukuthi usana luvaliwe futhi uma seluthola isilinganiso esincane semisebe ye-ultra violet, ukhiqiza i-vitamin D. Ebusika, kunjalo, kufanele ukhawulele ingane ekushiseni ilanga, kodwa ungayinikezela ngamabhati okugeza. Uma ukukhwabanisa sekuwanele ukushiya ingane imizuzwana eminqunu. Ingane eneminyaka engu-3 ingathatha amafutha okugeza emoyeni imizuzu engu-15-20 ngosuku, isigamu sonyaka imizuzu engama-30, kanye nonyaka ukuya kumaminithi angu-40 ngosuku.
Uma unakekela ngokucophelela isikhumba somntanakho, ingane yakho izojabulela impilo yakho futhi ingabuyi noma ikuphi ukukhathazeka noma ukuphazamiseka.
