Okokuqala futhi okuphambili - ungesabi! Ukukhathazeka ngabathandekayo, ukwesaba, ukungavikeleki, ukungabi namandla ngaphambi komuntu oshonile kucindezela ingane, kuwuvuselele. Inqubo yokutakula i-bone fractures ihlala isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke yiba nesineke, uzinzile, ulalise ingane futhi ulalele ngokucophelela iseluleko sikadokotela.
Izibalo zithi emaphesenti angu-10 amacala aphulwa ngamathambo e-femal, ama-40% ama-fracture amathambo omlenze ongezansi, amanye ama-bones of the foot and finger. Ukuhlukana kwamazinyo ezinganeni kuyinto engavamile kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, amathambo emilenze engezansi aphule lapho ewa noma eqa kusuka ekuphakameni. Ukuphuka kwezinyawo nezinzwane zenzeka ngesifo esiqondile, ukuwa kwezinyawo ezinyaweni. Ngokuvamile lokhu kungumgwaqo noma ukulimala kwezemidlalo.
Uma ngemuva kokufakwa kwebhande lokukhishwa noma ithayi (ngokuvamile elibizwa ngokuthi udoti), ingane ikhishwa ekhaya, lokhu sekuvele kuhle. Ngokusobala, i-fracture ngaphandle kokuhlaziya futhi ingelashwa ku-polyclinic. Uma udokotela enikezela ukuhlala izinsuku ezimbalwa esibhedlela, lalela. Isibhedlela sizohlinzeka ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kochwepheshe futhi kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala kuzoqala imisebenzi yokwelapha nokuvuselela.
Uma ukwelashwa kwenziwa ekhaya
Ngosuku lokuqala, ukugqoka i-gypsum kancane kancane. Ngalesi sikhathi sishayekile futhi singaphula. Umlenze owonakele kufanele unikezwe isikhundla esiphakeme - ubeke umcamelo noma ingubo ehlungwe ezinqabeni eziningana, unyawo kufanele libe ngaphezu kwezinga lamadolo. Ukumboza ukubopha kwe-gypsum emanzini akufanele kube, futhi ukusheshisa ukuma kwayo, ungasebenzisa ukushisa okuqhakazile okuvela esiteni sethebula.
Noma yikuphi ukwehlukana kwezingane kuhambisana nokuphazamiseka kwendawo yendawo, ebonakala ngokuvuvukala, ukukhwabanisa isikhumba, ukwephula ukuzwela kwesikhumba. Okubaluleke nakakhulu ukulimala, kukhulunywa kakhulu ukukhukhumeza. I-edema ehlukumezayo icindezela izicubu, iyakuthinta futhi iyimpendulo yemvelo evimbela ukuvikela izingxenyana zamathambo kusuka ekuhlukeni nasekuhambeni. Kodwa, ngokucindezela izitsha, i-edema ivimbela ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ezingxenyeni, ukunciphisa ukuhlanganiswa kwazo. Ngakho-ke, ukuphakanyiswa kwesilungu esiphakeme kunconywa, ukuhamba komunwe kokuqala komlenze olimele.
Ekupheleni kwesonto lokuqala, i-edema, njengombuso, iyanciphisa kakhulu, isikhumba enyaweni sithola umbala ojwayelekile, imibimbi. Ukulandela i-edema eyanciphayo, i-bias yesibili ebanjwe nge-plaster kungenzeka. Ngakho-ke, ngezinhlobo ezithile zezinsalela ngosuku lwangama-4-5, udokotela uncoma ukutadisha kwe-X-ray. Ekupheleni kwesonto lokuqala, zonke izinzwa ezingathandeki ngaphansi kwe-bandage kufanele zinyamalale.
Ukufakwa kahle kwe-plaster bandage ngokuqinile kuhlanganisa isigungu, akucindezeli, kunika umuzwa wokuthembeka nokuphepha. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungaqala ukuvuselelwa - ukufundisa ingane ukuhamba ngemigqomo. Izingane zisheshe zifunde le "sayensi", sivame ukubona esibhedlela, njengoba zigijima ngezinhlanga.
Ungabukezi izinkinga
Ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo noma okuqhubekayo, i-bluish tinge ye-lobo subungual, blanching futhi yehla ekushiseni kwezinzwane, ukukhathazeka kokuzwela njengokungathi "ukungancibiliki" noma "ukukhahlaza" isignali engavamile yokusabalalisa kwendawo futhi kuyisisekelo sokwelapha ngokushesha.
Akunakwenzeka ukungazinaki izinhlungu ezihlala njalo ngaphandle kwesayithi lokuqhekeka. Lokhu kubangelwa ukucindezelwa kwe-bandage ehlongozwayo kuma-protrusions avikelekile noma avikelelwe kahle futhi kungaholela ekwakheni izilonda ezingcindezi. Ekuvakaseleni okulandelayo kudokotela, mtshele ngalokho.
Ngokuvame kakhulu ngaphansi kokugqoka kukhona udoti lwesikhumba. Angakwazi ukubizwa, ukuphazamisa, ukuphazamisa ubuthongo, okudinga ukutshelwa udokotela. Uma lokhu kungenzeka futhi ngeke kubangele izinkinga, i-bandage ye-plaster izosuswa, ukuhlanzeka kwesikhumba kuzokwenziwa, kuzocutshungulwa futhi i-gypsum iphinde isetshenziswe. Akudingekile ukwenza ukuphathwa okunjalo ngokwakho.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-plaster ehlongozwayo "ikhula," iba yindlala, idilika, igubha futhi iphule. I-hypotrophy ye-muscle engenakugwemeka- "ukuguqulwa" ngezikhathi eside zokwelashwa - iholela ekugqibeleni ukuthi ukugqoka kukhululekile, akusekho okufeza imisebenzi yayo futhi kumele kuthathwe indawo.
Imigomo yokuvuselelwa ngemuva kokuphuka kwezingane kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwamathambo isikhathi esithile kuncike eminyakeni yobudala, ubukhulu, isisindo somntwana, izici zayo ezisebenzayo kanye ne-anatomical kanye nesimo se-fracture. Ikhudlwana ithambo kanye nomdala ingane, isikhathi esithathayo siyoyithatha. Uma i-phalanges yezinzwane zikhula ndawonye emavikini angu-2-3, kungathatha izinyanga ezingu-2-3 kuze kufike ezinyangeni ezingu-4-5 ukuphulwa kwe-tibia ngemva kokuphuka kwesinye sezinsikazi.
Qala ukusebenza
Emasontweni okugcina agqoke ukuboshwa kwe-plaster, udokotela angancoma ukuthi ahambe nomthwalo okhishiwe futhi ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwabazali. Lena imininingwane ebaluleke kakhulu, evumela ukuhlola ikhwalithi ye-fusion fusion. Uma ingane ihambahamba futhi igijimela e-bandage ye-plaster, ayikho ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu, ngakho-ke akukho sidingo salesi sibopho. Umthwalo wokulinganisa wanda kancane kancane: okokuqala ingane iqala kancane emlenzeni owonakele besebenzisa amathanga, bese ushiya umkhonto owodwa, bese usetshenziswa umoba, futhi ekugcineni, kuvunyelwe umthwalo ogcwele. Ukuhamba nge-bandage ehlongozwayo kuvamile ukukhuluma nge-muscle ithoni, kuthuthukisa izindonga zamasongo, kukhuthaza ukuhlelwa kabusha kokusebenza kwe-bone fusion.
Ezinye izingane ezihambayo nezokuzijabulisa zingase zamesabe ukususa ibhande le-plaster, lokhu kungenxa yokulimala kwayo nokuphulwa kwezinhlobo ezijulile zokuzwela: umlenze ubonakala sengathi "awunabo." Lesi simo senzeke ezinsukwini ezingu-2-4. Ngalesi sikhathi, umlenze ungabanjiswa ngokuqinile.
Ngaphambi kokukhipha i-gypsum, i-radiography yokulawulwa inikezwa. Ungakhathazeki uma ngemuva kwalokho udokotela enquma ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa ebhandini lokugaya - ukuhlanganiswa kufanele kube nokwethenjelwa! Ezinye izingane ziqala ukuhamba ngaphambili kunokuba zivunyelwe ukuba zihambe. Ngokuvamile akukho okwesabekayo okwenzekayo. Intombazane eneminyaka emithathu yathola ukuqubuka kwe-tibia lapho iwa khona kusukela emgodini. Kwaphela amasonto amabili umlenze wami ube ophahleni. Konke lokhu ubaba wayegqoka ingane ezandleni zakhe. Ngesonto lesithathu, abazali bami bahlala ekhishini, futhi umntwana wasuka embhedeni wafika kubo ... Ungacabanga yini isimo sabazali bakho? Ngemuva kokuhlola ingane, akukho lutho olusongelayo olutholakala, ukuhamba nge-plaster bandage kwavunyelwa, futhi emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10 u-plaster waphonswa ekugcineni.
Manje - ngokuvuselelwa!
Ngokukhipha ukwelashwa kwe-plaster akupheli, kodwa kungena esigabeni saso sokugcina: ukubuyiselwa komsebenzi nokuvuselelwa ngemuva kokuphuka. Udinga ukuqala ngelashwa lokuzivocavoca ngokuhlanganiswa nokusikhipha umzimba kanye ne-physiotherapy. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukholisa ingane ukuthi ihlanganyele ekwelapheni ngokomzimba ngokuzimele: ukuxilongwa okuqeqeshwayo kokuzivocavoca kwenziwa e-polyclinic ngaphansi kokuqondiswa komfundisi futhi okungenani kabili ngosuku kubuyisela izindlu ngokwabo.
Esikhathini eside sesikhathi esinezinsalela zamathambo ama-tubular eside, sibheka ukusila ukudla okungapheli, okubonakaliswa ukwehla kwesisindo somzimba. Lokhu kungumphumela wokuhlukumezeka nokusimiswa okwesikhashana. Mhlawumbe ezinye zivame ekukhuleni kwesilungu esilimele, esingadluli ngokuvamile 1.5-2 cm futhi singabonakali kuleso simo.
Ngokuvamile ukuphakama kwesigungu esiphukile ngenxa yokuvuselelwa kwendawo kanye nokuvuselelwa kwezinqubo ze-metabolic okuhloswe ngazo ekuhlanganisweni kokuqala. Ukuqapha okukhethekile kuyadingeka ukuze kutholakale ukuhlukunyezwa ngezikhathi ezithile futhi kwangaphakathi, ukwelashwa okuphulukisayo kulezi zilonda kunezici zayo ezikhethekile.
Njengoba inikezwe ngemiphumela ehlukahlukene yemiphumela kanye nemiphumela yesikhathi eside yesikhathi sokwelashwa kwama-crural fractures emlenzeni nasenhlakeni ephansi, izingane ezinokulimala okufanayo zilandela ukulandelwa emtholampilo we-trauma emitholampilo emtholampilo wesifunda okungenani ngonyaka.
I-psychic nayo ihlupheka
Ngokwengqondo, ukuhlukumezeka kwesigungu esingaphansi kunzima kakhulu ukubekezelela kunokulimala kwesandla. Umsebenzi wezimoto uyanciphisa kakhulu, isikhala esibalulekile siyancipha, kanti ukuhlukaniswa kwezenhlalakahle kuhlanganiswa. Ngakho-ke, kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala kudingekile ukuba kusebenze umbuso omusha wosuku, ukuhlinzeka ngokunakekelwa okwanele kwengane. Kufanele sizame ukugcina imizwa ejabulisayo, ukugcwalisa nsuku zonke ngemizwa emihle, ukuxazulula imihlangano nabangani, ofunda nabo. Izibonelo eziwusizo kakhulu ezivela ekuphileni kanye nezincwadi, kuqinisa inkolelo yokuphola okusheshayo, ukwakha ukuqina, ukubekezela kanye nesibindi.
Okubaluleke kakhulu ukudla, ukudla kwengane kufanele kufake imikhiqizo equkethe i-calcium, i-phosphorus usawoti, ama-proteine okugaya, amavithamini. Inyama yenkukhu ephakanyisiwe, i-veal, inhlanzi entsha, imifino, izithelo, imikhiqizo yobisi. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ulungise isitokisi, ngoba isikhundla sokuphoqelelwa ebhandini lokugaya kungabangela izinkinga emathunjini. Ukuphela kokuzila nokuzethemba kwabazali, ukudla okunomsoco, ukuqaliswa okuqinile kwazo zonke izincomo zezokwelapha kuzosiza ingane ukuba ikwazi ukubhekana nalesi sigameko ngokushesha, kanye nomndeni - ukusinda inhlekelele ehlaselayo.