Uhlobo oluthambile lwamathambo lubangelwa ibhethri uhlobo lukaShigella sonnei. Ifomu elibi kakhulu lesi sifo libangelwa uShigella dysenteriae. Ukuphathwa koketshezi kokudla, isisu - isihloko se-athikili.
Isikhathi sokutshala
Uma unesifo se-causative ye-dysentery, isikhathi sokukhushulwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwesifo sohudo sisuka ezinsukwini ezingu-1 kuya kwezingu-5. Noma kunjalo, isifo sohudo singaqala ngokuzumayo ngokushesha ngemva kokutheleleka. Kwezinye iziguli, lesi sifo kancane kancane sithola uhlamvu olubi kakhulu ngokuqala kalula. Isisu sihambisana nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
• isitsha samanzi esinokuhlanganiswa kwegazi kanye ne-mucus;
• kuze kube ngu-20 izenzo zokuhlukunyezwa emini, ukuchoboza ubuhlungu besisu, isifiso esinamandla sokusibekela;
• ukuhlanza, ukwehlisa, ukubekezela nokubhubhisa;
• izingane - umkhuhlane omkhulu, ukucasula, ukulahlekelwa ukudla.
Kwezinye izimo, lesi sifo esinesifo sikashukela sihambisana ne-meningism (ikhanda, ukuqina kwemisipha ye-occipital), ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane. Ezinye izinkinga zesifo samathambo zihlanganisa izifo zomoya, umonakalo we-myocardial (isisu senhliziyo), iso, ukuphefumula kwamanzi kanye neuropathy. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ukubonakaliswa kwesistimu yesifo kuhlobene nokuphendulela kwe-hypersensitivity kuya kwe-toxin eyenziwa amabhaktheriya abangela isifo samathambo. Izimpawu ezifanayo zingabonwa naku-salmonellosis, i-agent causative ye-bacteria ye-Salmonella; I-typhus yesisu, ebangelwa ukutheleleka ngenduku ka-typhoid noma induku ka-paratytic. Isikhathi sokukhushulwa kwezi zifo sikhona kusukela ezinsukwini ezi-1 kuya kwezingu-5. Isiguli sigcina futhi isifo sohudo nge-spotting. Kwezinye izimo, isifo sohudo sinamanzi, kwezinye, i-typhoid fever syndrome iqala. Uma i-Campylobacter incubation period ivela ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kwezingu-5. Ngaphambi kokuvela kwesifo sohudo, kungase kube nezimpawu zesistimu (izinga lokushisa, ikhanda, izinhlungu zomzimba). Isihlalo sokuqala sinokulinganisela kwamanzi, khona-ke ukungcola kwegazi kubonakala kuyo. Isikhathi esiningi lesi sifo siphambana nobuhlungu esiswini, ukuze izingane zihlolwe ngephutha nge-appendicitis.
Isifo segazi sidalwa ngenxa yokutheleleka ngezinye zezinhlobo eziningana zamabhaktheriya. I-agent causative yesimo esibucayi sesifo nguShigella sonnei, uhlobo olubi kakhulu lwe-Shigella flexneri. Ifomu elibi kunazo zonke legazi elibangelwa yisifo sikaShigella dysenteriae. Ukutheleleka kwe-Campylobacterial kuvela ngenxa yokutheleleka nge-spirilla-like microorganisms. Ukutheleleka kwenzeka uma uxhumane noma usebenzisa ukudla okungcolile. I-Yersinia (Yersinia enterocolitica) ezincane ezincane ezidluliselwa izilwane; Ezinye ukudla zingcoliswa nazo. Ama-causative agents of salmonellosis yi-Salmonella typhimurium, i-Salmonella enteridus ne-Salmonella heidelberg. Ama-causative agents of typhoid fever yi-Salmonella typhi kanye ne-Salmonella paratyphi A ne-Salmonella paratyphi B. Amoebic esiswini ngenxa yezinto eziphilayo I-Entamoeba histolytica (i-dysentery amoeba) - i-parasite yamathumbu eyenza ama-cysts. Kungaba ukudla, imifino kanye nemithombo yamanzi. Noma iyiphi yalezi zinhlobo zingadluliselwa kubantu ngokudla ukudla okuthelelekile noma iziphuzo. Ezimweni ezinzima zamathambo, ukuvuselelwa kwesiguli kuyadingeka. Ngenxa yokufudumala kwamanzi, kwakungenzeka ukunciphisa kakhulu ukufa kwabantu besifo, ikakhulu emazweni asathuthuka.
Ezinye izinyathelo ezithathwe ekwelapheni isisu:
• Thatha i-antipyretics bese uphonsa isiguli ngesiponji emanzini apholile; Kunconywa ekushiseni okuphakeme.
• Ukukhulula ubuhlungu esiswini, ama-antispasmodics anqunywe.
• Ezimweni zesikhumba ezibangelwa yi-shigella, ezimweni ezinzima, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane nasebekhulile, kusetshenziswa ama-antibiotics.
• Ukwelashwa kwamathambo okubangelwa yi-shigella, ama-antibiotic we-penicillin ne-tetracycline uchungechunge asebenza kahle.
• Kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezinzima ze-salmonellosis, i-chloramphenicol, i-amoxicillin, i-trimethoprim, i-sulfamethoxazole. Ngokutheleleka kwe-campylobacterial ezimweni ezimbi, i-erythromycin isetshenziswa.
• Uma kwenzeka i-amoebic isisu, ukumpompela igazi kuyenziwa uma isiguli sinokulahlekelwa igazi okuningi.
Ukuvimbela
Ukuvimbela isisu, kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho yokuhlanzeka. Amanzi, ayexhumana nomuntu onegciwane, kufanele abiliswe ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Umthetho ofanayo kufanele uhlonishwe emazweni anamazinga aphansi okuhlanzeka. Eminyumbeni yomphakathi kunconywa ukuba uhlaziye njalo izikhumba zangasese futhi usebenzise amathawula angasetshenziswa. Iziguli ezinesifo samathambo ezithintana nokudla ngesikhathi somsebenzi kufanele zimiswe emsebenzini kuze zithole imiphumela emibi elandelanayo yokuhlolwa kwesitokisi. Isilinganiso esibalulekile sokuzivikela futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamagciwane anikezwe ngomlomo noma ngendlela yokujola.
Isibikezelo
Ezimweni eziningi, iziguli ezinesifo samagciwane ziphendula kahle ukwelashwa okusetshenzisiwe. Kunzima kakhulu ukuthola ukutholakala okugcwele ne-amoebic yamathambo. Inkinga yenziwa ngabanye abathwali abangapheli bama-cysts. I-Diloxanide furoate ingasetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwayo. Izifo zengculazi zangaphambili zazivame eMelika Ephakathi, eMexico, e-Asia naseNdiya. Ama-Epidemics ayevame ukuhambisana nokufa okuphezulu. Ama-microorganisms-create-ups are developing rapidly in conditions of overpopulation kanye nobuphofu, lapho kungekho khona uhlelo lokulahlwa kwemfucuza yasekhaya kanye namanzi angcolile. Isisu sisakazeke, empeleni, kuwo wonke amazwe omhlaba. Kodwa-ke, lapho kudingwa khona ukuqapha okudingekayo, ukusakazeka kwesifo kunganciphisa, okunciphisa inani lamacala.