Ingabe isifo somzimba sesisu siphuza? Akukhona kuphela ukuthi izingane zanamuhla zingadli ukudla okuningi, ngakho manje imbangela yezifo nokucindezeleka? Kunombono wokuthi kungase kutholakale ukungezwani komntwana kwengane ngesisekelo sezinzwa. Ingabe lokhu kunjalo ngempela?
Kusuka kokubukwa kwezokwelapha, lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Isifo se-pathogenetic sezifo ezithathelwanayo ezinganeni zisabela ngendlela yokuzivikela komzimba, okuthuthukisiwe okuhambisana nokuzwela (ukuzwela) komzimba ezithombeni kanye nemikhiqizo enezinto ezihamba nge-allergenic. Ukungena kwamagciwane kuya emzimbeni wangaphakathi womzimba kungenziwa nge-digestive tract (imikhiqizo yokudla, imithi, izithako zamakhemikhali ekudleni), inhalation (izindlu zomoya, izilonda zamaphilisi, izimboni zamakhemikhali), ngezibeletho ngegazi (ama-pharmacy agents, imishanguzo), ukungenisa kwe-allergen esikhumbeni (izimboni zamakhemikhali).
Ithonya lonyaka wengane ekuthuthukiseni ukukhuthazwa kwezifo ezithile zilandelwa. Isibonelo, ukuguga kokudla okuvame ukwakhiwa kaningi ezinganeni zeminyaka yokuqala yokuphila. Ukuqaphela isimo sezinto eziphilayo kuya kwezilwane kubonakala ngokushesha kakhulu ezinganeni ezinezifo ezithinta izifo ezithathelwanayo, ezinomsebenzi ophansi wokuvimbela ama-antigens angaphandle kanye nokuxhumana okuqhubekayo kwengane ne-allergen. Lapha kuyoba kufanelekile ukukusho ngokubaluleka kokucindezeleka, ngaphansi kwethonya lokuthi ukuphikisana kwamagciwane kuvela kanjani. Ngakho-ke, ukucindezeleka akusona imbangela yokugula komntwana, kodwa kuyashukumisa, kwandisa isimo.
Lapho useneminyaka eyishumi nambili, ukucindezeleka kwengane kungaba ushintsho ekudleni kokufakelwa nokuqedwa komama ukuncelisa, kanye nokwethulwa kokuqala kokudla okuhambisanayo. Isici esibi kakhulu esingokomzwelo ukuhlukaniswa kwengane, ukuhlukaniswa nomama, ukungabi nokuxhumana kanye nothando lwabazali. Esikhathini sobudala esikoleni, ingane ingakwazi ukuzwa ngenxa yokuhlolwa, ubuhlobo nabothisha nabangane. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi yonke imizwa engafanele eyenziwa yingane ingase ithinte ngandlela-thile ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sokugula. Ngokuqondene nokwanda kwezifo ezithathelwanayo ezinganeni, kunesidingo sokuthuthukisa nokusebenzisa izinhlelo ezikhethekile zokuvimbela.
Ukudla ngokweqile ngamama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kokudla okunomsebenzi ophezulu we-allergenic (ubisi, amaqanda, inhlanzi, ijusi, njll) kungabangela ukukhushulwa komntwana. Ekuthuthukiseni izifo ze-atopic (i-diathesis) ezinsaneni, izifo ezithathelwanayo ezithathelwana ngamama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nokwelashwa kwama-antibiotic ezenziwe ngokuphathelene nalokhu, ikakhulukazi ama-antibiotic wechungechunge lwe-penicillin, lingadluliselwa. Umphumela wokubhema ukubhema ebusweni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwaphawulwa ku-46% wezingane ezine-asthma. Ukusabalala okuphezulu kwezifo ezithathelwanayo zesikhumba kanye nezitho zokuphefumula kubonakala ezinganeni ezelwe abesifazane abasebenza ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa emabhizinisini we-textile namakhemikhali. I-Hypoxia ye-fetus, isongo sokukhulelwa kwesisu, isifo senhliziyo nesisu kanye nesifo se-bronchopulmonary sikamama, inkambo yokuzalwa yokubeletha ithinta kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwemithi. Ingozi yokuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezingenayo i-atopic ezinganeni iphakama emva kwezifo ezithathelwanayo ezibangelwa umama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Idatha ekhonjisiwe iqondisa isidingo sokunciphisa umthwalo wokugula: ukukhishwa kwemikhiqizo enomsebenzi ophezulu wokuvuselela, ukuvinjelwa kwemithi yokwelashwa ngezibonakaliso eziqinile, ukugwema izingozi zomsebenzi, ukuyeka ukubhema, ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
Ezinganeni ezincane, imbangela eyinhloko yokungondleki kokudla ayikubekezelelani kwamaprotheni obisi lwezinkomo. Ukubeletha kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwayo. Ukubeletha kuqukethe i-bettalactoglobulin izikhathi ezingaphansi kuka-60000-100000 kunezingxube zobisi. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukondla izingane ezisengozini ehambisana nokuvela kwesifo sofuba, kubalulekile ukuqeda ubisi lweenkomo emndenini wamantombazane.
Isiqalo sokuqala kwesifo sezifo zesifo sokuphefumula futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, i-asthma ye-bronchial isifo sofuba. Ukunciphisa isifo segciwane kungatholakala ngokuthuthukisa ngokomzimba leli qembu lezingane nokugcina umbuso we-allergen-friendly.
Ukubhema kwabazali namanye amalungu omndeni omdala kwandisa ingozi ye-ARI, kwandisa ukukhishwa kwe-bronchi kuya ekushicilelweni okuqondile nokungaqondile. Kule ndaba, ukubhema ukubhema kuyisimo senengozi enkulu yokubonakaliswa kwegazi futhi ikakhulukazi i-asthma ye-bronchial. Ukuyeka ukubhema emndenini kungacatshangwa phakathi kwezinyathelo eziphumelelayo kakhulu zokuvimbela ukuvimbela izifo ezithathelwanayo ezinganeni.
Manje uyazi ukuthi ukungezwani komntwana kungokwesabisa, nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nokungenwa kwemithwalo yempilo emntwaneni wengane.