Ukudla okwenziwe nge-Genetically modified: ukuthi kuyini nokuthi ungayithola kanjani.
I-genetically modified or transgenic ibizwa ngokuthi yizinto eziphilayo, emasethini anama-gesi, afakwe kwezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo noma izilwane. Lokhu kwenziwa kanjalo ukuze isitshalo sibe nempahla eyengeziwe, isibonelo, ukumelana nezilokazane noma izifo ezithile. Ngosizo lwale teknologi kungenzeka ukuba uthuthukise impilo yeshalofu, isivuno, ukunambitheka kwezitshalo.
Izitshalo eziguquguqukayo zitholakala ebhokisithri. Okokuqala, kusukela esilwaneni noma esitshalweni, isakhi sofuzo esidingekayo sokufakelwa isitshalo sitholakala, bese sishintshwa singene esitokisini saleso sitshalo, esifuna ukuwahambisa ngezakhiwo ezintsha. Ngokwesibonelo, e-United States, isakhi sezinhlanzi ezingasogwini olusenyakatho sashintshwa zibe amangqamuzana e-strawberry. Lokhu kwenzelwe ukwandisa ukumelana kwama-strawberries ku-frost. Zonke izitshalo ze-GM zihlolwe ukudla nokuphepha kwezinto eziphilayo.
ERussia ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-transgenic kuvunyelwe, kodwa ukuthengiswa nokuthengiswa kwabo okuvela phesheya kuvunyelwe. Emashalofini ethu, imikhiqizo eminingi eyenziwe ngama soya ashintshelwa izakhi ze-soya i-ayisikhilimu, ushizi, imikhiqizo yamaprotheni yabagijimi, ubisi obomvu obomile njalonjalo. Ukwengeza, ukungenisa kwamanye amazambane ahlukahlukeneko we GM kanye nezinhlobo ezimbili zommbila kuvunyelwe.
Imikhiqizo ephathekayo ewusizo futhi eyingozi yokuguqulwa.
Izinzuzo zemikhiqizo zisobala - inikeza abantu bomhlaba wethu ngemikhiqizo yezolimo. Isibalo seMhlaba siyakhula njalo, kanti izindawo ezihlwanyelweyo azigcini kuphela, kodwa ziyancipha. Izitshalo zezolimo eziguquguqukayo zivumela, ngaphandle kokwandisa indawo, ukwandisa isivuno izikhathi eziningana. Ukukhula kwemikhiqizo enjalo kulula, ngakho izindleko zabo zingaphansi.
Naphezu kwabaphikisi abaningi, ukulimala kwemikhiqizo akuqinisekisiwe nanoma yikuphi ukucwaninga okukhulu. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukudla kwe-GM kuvumela emva kwesikhathi ukuthi ususe ama-pesticides ahlukahlukene asetshenziselwa ukutshala izitshalo eziningi zezolimo. Umphumela uba ukwehla kwezifo ezingapheli (ikakhulukazi ukugula), izifo zokuzivikela nokunye okunjalo.
Kodwa izazi zezinto eziphilayo aziphiki iqiniso lokuthi akekho owaziyo ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kokudla kweGM kuyothinta kanjani izizukulwane ezizayo. Imiphumela yokuqala izokwaziwa kuphela emva kwamashumi eminyaka ambalwa, lokhu kuhlolwa kungasichitha isikhathi kuphela.
Imikhiqizo ye-genetically modified ekhona ezitolo zethu.
Ngokuvame ukwedlula abanye abasesitolo kukhona imikhiqizo yezofuzo eziguqulwa kusuka kummbila, amazambane, ukudlwengula, soy. Ngaphandle kwazo, kunezithelo, imifino, inyama, inhlanzi nezinye imikhiqizo. Izitshalo ze-GM zitholakala emayonnaise, igargarine, amaswidi, i-confectionery nemikhiqizo yokubhaka, amafutha omifino, ukudla kwezingane, ama-sausages.
Le mikhiqizo ayifani nezejwayelekile, kodwa ayithengi. Futhi ekudayiseni kwabo bekungeke kube khona okungalungile uma emaphaketheni umkhiqizi ubonise ukuthi kwakungumkhiqizo wezakhi zofuzo. Indoda inganquma ukuthi yini okuzoyithenga: Imikhiqizo ye-GM ayithengi, noma evamile ebiza kakhulu. Futhi, naphezu kokuthi ukumaka okunjalo kuyimpoqo (uma okuqukethwe komkhiqizo we-GM kuvela ku-0, 9% wevolumu yenani lezimpahla) ezidingekayo ezihlanzekile nezokuhlanzeka ezweni lethu, akukhona njalo.
Umhlinzeki oyinhloko wemikhiqizo ye-GM ezweni lethu yi-United States, lapho kungekho mingcele ekukhiqizeni nasekuthengisweni kwayo. Izidalwa eziphilayo eziguquguqukayo kanye nezitshalo zisebenzisa izinkampani ezinkulu ezinjengeCoca-Cola (iziphuzo ezinomsoco), uDanone (ukudla kwasekuseni, imikhiqizo yobisi), i-Nestle (ukudla kwasekuseni, ikhofi, ushokoledi), Similak (ukudla kokudla), iHershis ( iziphuzo ezithambile, ushokoledi), iMcDonald's (ukudla okusheshayo kokudla) kanye nabanye.
Ucwaningo luye lwathola ukuthi ukudla ukudla okungukuthi i-GM akulimazi ngokuqondile umzimba womuntu, noma kunjalo, leli qiniso alikaqinisekiswa nesikhathi.