Kuzolimaza, "lapha ingane ibona yonke into umuntu omdala ekhuluma ngayo futhi iyacaca kuye.
Ukufunda, ngaphezu kokugcwalisa ulwazi lomntwana, kubuye kwandise ama-horizons akhe (lapha nempahla yezinto, nolwazi lwezitshalo nezilwane, nabanye abaningi). Abalingiswa bezincwadi banethonya ekubunjweni kokuziphatha kwakhe esikhathini esizayo, ngoba kulabo abalingiswa ukuthi ingane izikhomba yona futhi ihlangabezane nakho konke okwenzekayo ezithombeni zabo. Ake sikhulume ngalokho okunconywa ukuthi ufunde ezinganeni ezineminyaka ehlukene nokuthi kungani. Ukukhetha izincwadi, amathangi kanye namafilimu emincintiswaneni yakho, udinga, okokuqala, unake abalingiswa (ukuthi yiziphi, izifiso zabo, izenzo, ukuthi zizibandakanya kanjani nabo nakwabanye, ubuhlobo obunjani obunjalo nabanye abalingiswa encwadini), ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ukuklanywa kwencwadi, indlela ecacile, enekhono futhi enentshisekelo eboniswayo (lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kuvezwe ukuzwelana). Izincwadi zakha ukucabanga okungokomfanekiso nomcabango, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, akuyona idlalwa lokugcina ekuthuthukiseni kwengqondo kwengane. Iqiniso elivunywa ngokwesayense ukuhlobana phakathi kwenkulumo nokucabanga, futhi inkulumo eyathuthukisiwe, ingqondo ecacile yengane.
Uthando lokufunda kwengane kufanele lugonywe kusukela ebuntwaneni. Futhi ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele wazi ngokucacile ukuthi yikuphi okuncoma ukuthi ufunde izingane ezingeni elihlukile nokuthi kungani. Ungakhohlwa, lo msebenzi omude futhi okhandlayo - hhayi kuphela umama, kodwa ngomntwana uqobo, ngoba ukuqonda indaba, lapho engaboni isimo esenzeka ngaphambi kwamehlo akhe, kusenzima kakhulu kuye. Ngakho-ke, kunezinyathelo zeminyaka yobudala yokubona, imingcele yayo, kakhulu, ehlukumezekile kakhulu, futhi iguquke phakathi kweminyaka eyi-1.5-2.5 (konke lokhu kuyimfihlo yengane ngayinye). Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuningi kuncike ekutheni uchitha isikhathi esingakanani sokufunda, uma kuningi - udinga ukugxila kumngcele ophansi wezinga ngalinye lesikhathi, uma u-kancane - phezulu.
Ngakho-ke izinyathelo:
- Kusukela kwesinye nesigamu kuya eminyakeni emibili kuya emithathu noma emine - izincwadi zomncinyane.
- Kusukela eminyakeni emibili nesigamu eminyakeni emibili kuya kwesikhombisa eyisikhombisa - izincwadi kanye nokunye okunzima kakhulu.
- Kusukela eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kweyisishiyagalombili kuya kwengu-9 ubudala - izinto ezikhangayo nezindaba ezimnandi.
- Kusukela eminyakeni engu-7 kuya kweyishumi nanye, izindaba eziyinkimbinkimbi. Zithakazelisa kubafundi abasezingeni eliphezulu, abathanda ukulalela nokufunda izincwadi, futhi sebevele befunda izindaba eziningi kusukela kusigaba sangaphambilini.
Amabhuku omncane kakhulu - "i-turnip", "Teremok", "inkukhu - ryba", njll, okungukuthi, imibhalo ebhalwe emishweni elula, efaka inani elincane lamagama alula futhi aqondakalayo, aphindaphindiwe futhi anemigomo. Lezi zindaba zichaza ngokuvamile ukuthi yisiphi isenzakalo esisodwa esilula (i-Churochka yadiliza iqanda), noma i-chain yezenzakalo ezifanayo ("Repka" - umkhulu wakhe watshala i-turnip, yakhula futhi sekuyisikhathi sokuyihlanza, umkhulu oyedwa wokuqala udonsa i-turnip, bese eza ukusiza ugogo ngakho okuqhubekayo). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumele kube nezincwadi ezinemibala ekhanyayo futhi enokuthenjelwa, okumelwe ibhekwe kanye nomntwana futhi utshele konke okubonwayo, ngoba ingane ihlale ilula ukubona umbhalo ngokusekelwa kwezithombe.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sezincwadi zalesi sigaba ukuphela okuhle kwencwadi, okwenza ingane ibe nomuzwa wokuthembeka kwezwe, lapho ukuphela okubi kungabangela ukuvela kwezinkathazo ezihlukahlukene. Ekuqaleni, ezinye izazi zengqondo zincoma ukuthi ngisho nokuphela kwenganekwane yamathekisthi kumele ibuyele, ethi ngomzuzu wokugcina waphunyuka ehlathini.
Amabhuku ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu - izinkondlo zikaK. Chukovsky ("Aibolit", "Moydodyr", "i-Fedorino Mountain", "ifoni" - kodwa akuzona zonke izindaba zomlobi zombhali ongakwazi ukufunda kule nkathi yobudala, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi basesaba kakhulu futhi kufanele kudluliselwe iminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyisithupha), Ivesi lika S.Marshak ("Nansi okuhlakazekile kusukela emgwaqeni uBassseennoy"), kanye nezindaba mayelana nezilwane (iZayushkina izbashka, Lisichka nge skalochkoy, Fox kanye neCats nabanye ). Lezi zinsuku zide, futhi ziqukethe iziqephu eziningana ezihlobene nencazelo. Kulo mbhalo, kunenkhulumomphendvulwano eqhubeka njalo phakathi kwamaqhawe, okuba nzima nakakhulu. Ukuze uqonde okwenzekayo, umntwana udinga ukwanda kwamazwi. Ukuphela okuhle kwenganekwane kusasebenza, ukuze kungabangela ukwesaba. Ngakho-ke kufanele ukhethe lezo zindabakwane lapho kungekho lutho olwesabekayo okwenzekayo (ukubeka i-cap ebomvu esikhathini esizayo (iminyaka engu-6-7)), isibonelo izindaba zikaNosov "I-Living Hat". Kule minyaka yobudala, usuvele ucela ingane ukuthi iphinde ibuyele ukufundwa (umsizi oyinhloko ekubuyiseleni kodwa namanje izithombe ezikhanyayo ingane ezingabheka yona yedwa), bese uqala ukufunda nokufunda ngokuzimela. Ukuqala ukufunda (iminyaka kusukela eminyakeni emine kuya kweyisishiyagalombili) kuyadingeka ngezinganekwane ezilula futhi ezimfushane, ezihambisana nemifanekiso emnandi, eminingi.
Izenzakalo ezijabulisayo nezindaba ezihlekisayo. Ungakhetha incwadi ehlukene kakhulu, ehlanganisa ukufika kwe-Pinocchio, i-Neznaika nabangane bakhe, izinhlamvu zezingane zePippi ezinde, izintambo zezinkanyezi zabantu abahlukahlukene emhlabeni wonke (izinkondlo zaseRussia: i-Princess Frog, i-Firebird, i-Morozko, i-Havroshechka, isiJalimane: ibhodlela le-Porridge, i-Brave tailor; abanye), (lapha ukuthi ungaqala ukufunda izincwadi ezimbi), izindabakwane ze-A.S. I-Pushkin, ngaphezu kwalokho, nezindaba ezibucayi, amangakwane nezinkondlo. Ngaphandle kokuthi izincwadi zifundwa ngabazali, manje ingane ingakwazi ukuzifunda yona, izingane eziningi zifunda ama-boozes, zizicabange ngokucacile endaweni yamaqhawe, futhi ngalesi sigaba izingane zinezicabango ezibonakalayo futhi imifanekiso ayibalulekile kakhulu kubo.
Izindaba eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezithakazelisayo ezinganeni zasenkulisa ezithanda ukulalela nokufunda izincwadi futhi sezifunde kakade izindaba eziningi ezivela kusigaba sangaphambilini, zibizwa ngokuthi "I-Scarlet Flower", ne-"Mowgli", "Umbuso Wemibukiso Ekhazimulayo", ne "The Queen Queen", njll. izincwadi ezinezithombe eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu emhlabeni, lapho abalingiswa bafunda khona ukwenza izinqumo ezimweni zokuphila ezinzima, ukwakha ubuhlobo nomunye nomunye, banikeze futhi bashintshe. Umbhalo womsebenzi nawo uba nzima kakhulu, isakhiwo siba mnandi futhi sibe nemikhakha eminingi, incazelo yezimzwa nemizwelo yabalingiswa ithatha isikhathi esiningi, kanye nokuboniswa kwabalingiswa kanye nokwehluleka komlobi, noma yisiphi isimo esingavele sibhekwe kusukela ezinhlangothini eziningana (zingaki amaqhawe amaningi imibono yalesi simo).
Ngakho-ke kunenkinga encane yezincwadi ezivela elula (i-Kolobok) nasezincwadini ezinomlando eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana nempi nokuthula.
Usacabanga - "Kungani ufunda ingane ngokuzwakalayo?"
Uma abazali befundise izingane ukuba zifunde njengengane, ke noma yikuphi i-dvoechnik ingaba nesilulumagama esingcono, umcabango, kanye nokufaniswa kwempahla yokufundisa, futhi, kungaba kuhle. Ungalindeli ukuba ingane yakho ikhule, ungafunda kanye nezinsana, ngoba ingane inelungelo lokuzwa izwi lomama, libonise ukukhuluma nomzwelo. Uma ingane iphendulela unyaka, yena, elandela abadala, uzokwazi ukuthatha futhi ahlole izithombe ezincwadini, aqale ukwenza imisindo esho lokhu noma lesi silwane. Lapho uneminyaka engama-3 ingane izokwazi ukubuyisela le ndaba, ufunde ama-quatrains .... Kulungile, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo sisiza izingane zethu zifunde ukucabanga.
Ngeshwa, ekuthuthukiseni kwengane, ukufunda kuthatha indawo ebalulekile futhi kuyilapho kungekho ezinye izindlela zokufunda. Ngakho funda ingane kakhulu futhi kaningi!