I-"pie" ewusizo
Khumbula ukuthi uye kanjani esikoleni? Esiklasini sokuqala kwakukhona ukuhlanganisa nokukhipha, okwesibili - ukubuyabuyelela nokuhlukaniswa, okwesithathu kwakukhona izingxenyana, kanti okwesine isazi sezibalo esivela kulo mbandela, ngokujwayelekile, saba yisihlathi esimnyama, futhi wena, ukhononda: "Kungani kufanele ngilungise ukulingana uma Ngifuna ukuba umshayeli we-tram? "- ukukhohliswa ekhefu" ikhaya "lomfundi omuhle kakhulu. Uyazi ukuthi kungani izibalo zaze kwaba nzima ngokuzumayo? Akukho lutho olungaphezu kwemvelo: ikharityhulam yendabuko yakhiwe "emgqeni." Namuhla sifunda lokhu, kusasa siqhubekela esigabeni esilandelayo, ngosuku olulandelayo - kwenye, kanti wena, ngemva kokufunda ekilasini lesibili, futhi usichitha yonke intwasahlobo ku-Ivanov omuhle okwesithathu, kuya kwesine ekilasini ithola ukuthi awuqondi lutho emathematika.
Isisekelo solwazi sasihlehlisiwe futhi siphume kakhulu. Esikhathini sohlelo lukaLyudmila Peterson konke akunjalo.
Ulwazi lapha lunikezwa isimiso sokuthi "ikhekhe elikhukhumezayo." Kulaba abathathu, abane, abahlanu, kanye nakwesigaba sokuqala, sesibili, sesithathu, ingane ithola, ungasho ukuthi, ulwazi olufanayo. kanye nokujula kokungena kokubalulekile kwendaba. Ngakho-ke, uma ingane ingakazi kahle inkambo yeminyaka emine, njengokusho ukwakha iphethini lama-cubes ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokubomvu olulodwa, uzobuyela emaphethini afanayo eminyakeni emihlanu ubudala, nakuba kuyodingeka ukuqagela ukuthi iyiphi i-cube wabeka okulandelayo kulolu chungechunge: obomvu ababili - obomvu ababili omunye ophuzi. Kodwa ingane kungalindelekile uyaqaphela ukuthi konke nje! iqala futhi bese uphinda "isigqi" kuze cubes abayi ukuyeka! Futhi umama uzosusa enhliziyweni yami: "Ngempela, ingane yami ihlakaniphile, ngicabangisisa ama-cubes!" "Indlela kaPeterson inika ingane ngayinye ithuba lokubeka izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi kuye okwesikhashana, bese uyiqonda emjikelezweni omusha wezokuthuthukiswa," kusho uthisha isigaba sezinga eliphezulu kakhulu uNatalia Tsarkova. U-Natalia Vladimirovna uye wasebenza esikoleni samabanga aphansi ePeterson iminyaka eminingi futhi uthi lena yiyona ndlela engcono kakhulu ayeyiphatha ngayo.
"Kulolu hlelo ngikhangwa ukubandakanyeka okuphelele kwezingane enkulumweni yokufunda. Ekuqaleni kwesifundo sizibeka emsebenzini, ekugcineni - sihlaziye ukuthi sifeze yini umphumela oyifunayo. U-Natalia Tsarkova wanezela: "Ngabe-ke, sidinga imiphumela hhayi ngenxa yabo, kodwa ukuyisebenzisa ekuphileni." Ngempela, cabanga ngamakhono amantombazane afunda okusheshayo? Lokho akudingayo. ama-bubbles of gum, yena ufunda lokhu kanzima ukuze "abe njengoDiska kusuka emnyango wesithathu." Futhi uzama, ukuthukuthela, ngezinye izikhathi ukushaya inyawo lwakhe, uthukuthele, kodwa namanje akayeki. Kungani? Ngoba akuyona uMama - yena! Yilapho ingane ngokwayo izokwazi ukubala - uzoqala ukubala. Into esemqoka ukudala izizathu ezidingekayo.
Konke kunengqondo
Futhi, sikhumbula esikoleni sethu nezifundo zezibalo. Yini owavame ukwenza kuzo? Kulungile, bacabanga. Futhi yini enye ongayenza ngezibalo? Izibili ezimbili kanye nezintathu, ezintathu kanye nezibili - yilokho okushiwo yi-primary schoolboy. Dlala izibalo nabantwana ngokusho kohlelo lwe-Peterson, lokhu kuzosiza ukusheshisa ulwazi oluyisisekelo salesi sayensi.
Cha, i-akhawunti ifundiswa izingane, kodwa i-akhawunti lapha ingumunye wemisebenzi eminingi. Indlela kaPeterson iseduze nezidingo zangempela zomuntu wangempela. Izidingo kufanele ziqonde ukuthi yizinto ezibalulekile futhi zikwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezifanele. Ngabe, isibonelo, izingane zasenkulisa zifunda kanjani i-akhawunti efanayo? Imiqondo engabonakali yokubalwa nokulingana ayitholakali kubo. Ngokuqinisekile, bangafunda zonke izibonelo zokwengeza nokususa phakathi kweshumi nambili. Ababelethi abanenkani kakhulu esikhundleni se "Izimpukane-Zikotuhi" zifundisa izingane ngetafula lokuphindaphinda. Hlala, bantwana, uzokhula futhi wenze amamama nabazali bafundise amatafula aseBradys - mabavumeleke futhi! Kodwa ukubona ukuthi lokhu "3 + 2 = 5" kunzima ezinganeni. Abangaphambi kokufunda esikoleni, abasebenzisa uhlelo lwePeterson, bahlale benenqwaba yemishayo phambi kwamehlo abo - lapha kubizwa ngokuthi i-streamlet yamanani. Abathathu, bakhulume, futhi babebili? Ingane ibeka umunwe wayo kwinombolo yesithathu futhi yenza izinyathelo ezimbili phambili. Phambili - ngoba kukhona okunye. Futhi uma kwakuncane, khona-ke wayezobuya. Uphi umunwe? Enombolweni emihlanu. Ngakho-ke abathathu nababili bazoba abahlanu! Lapha kuwe kanye nempendulo.
Izingane zithokozela ingxenye futhi zikwazi kalula i-akhawunti ezinsukwini eziyishumi nambili. Ngokuvamile, ababengaphambi kokufunda esikoleni babona amakilasi kuPeterson njengomdlalo. Lokhu kusizwa ngama-notebook enemibalabala, futhi imisebenzi ngokwabo iyamnandi futhi ihlukile. "I-Technique uPetererson yangithinta ngalokho okuthuthukayo ngempela. Ekupheleni kwesikole samabanga aphansi, izingane ezazibandakanya kulo, zathola oontanga babo "bendabuko" unyaka nonyaka, "kusho u-Tsarkova. Yebo, abaningi "abahlakaniphile" bahlakaniphile, banengqondo kakhulu, behlakaniphile kangangokuthi abazali abahluphekayo benza izifundo zabo nezingane kuze kube ngehora lesishiyagalolunye ekuseni, kodwa kungani efundisa izingane kunzima, uma kungenzeka, kulula? Uma kuPeterson ufundisa labafana abanamehlo avuthayo uma benesithakazelo ngempela "Futhi uma kuneziphumo ukuthi wonke uthisha angaziqhenya?"
I-cubic "equation"
Ipheshana elilodwa nemisebenzi kaPeterson esitolo ngasinye sezincwadi singatholakala kanye nenqola encane. Kodwa akudingekile ukuzikhawulela ezincwadini zamabhuku. Zama ukudlala "ku-Peterson" nomntanakho ngokwakho!
Beka ama-cubes phansi: amabomvu amabili, amabili aphuzi, amabili abomvu futhi aphinde aphuzi kabili bese ucela ingane ukuba iqhubeke nomugqa. Okokuqala, ingane ingabeka, isibonelo, i-cube eluhlaza. Chaza ku-crumb: "Cha, bheka, umugqa ushintshile. Futhi ama-cubes kufanele aphindwe njengasekuqaleni. "Izingane zizokwazi ngokushesha ukuthola ukuthi imuphi umgogodla wegeyimu, futhi emva kokubeka ama-dice amabili aphuzi ngemuva kwezingalo ezimbili, cishe izonikeza ukudlala okungaphezulu. Uma ufunde isimiso," qhubeka u-rhythm ", ingane izokwazi ukusetha imisebenzi efanayo wena. Futhi kungenzeka ukuthi uphazamiseke uma ubona ubuso bakho ebusweni bakho: "Ngacabanga ukuthi isigqi esinzima kangangokuthi umama wayengacabangi!"
Esinye isabelo sePeterson singadlalwa njengokungathi "kuGallows" noma "Baldu". Thatha iphepha bese udweba ibhola elibomvu elikhulu kulo. Ingane yakho isazi kakade ukuthi into ingaba enkulu noma encane, ebomvu noma eluhlaza, ibhola noma i-cube. Mphakamise, emva kwebhola elikhulu elibomvu, ukudweba into ezohluka kulo kuphela imfanelo eyodwa. Ake sithi ingane izofanela ibhola elincane elibomvu. Ukuhamba okulandelayo kungokwakho - udweba ibhola elincane elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Khona-ke ipensela iphinda ibambe ingane futhi isikwele esincane esibhakabhaka sibonakala kushidi. Ungadonsela ku-infinity.
Umsebenzi olandelayo usiza izingane ukuba zilungiselele isixazululo sokungalingani. Dweba amabhokisi amabili kushidi. Endaweni eyodwa izinkanyezi ezinhlanu, kwenye-ezine.
Buza ingane:
- Ziphi izinkanyezi ngaphezulu? Mhlawumbe, i-crumb izosikisela ukubala i-asterisks.
- Ungenza lula kakhulu, - uyamamatheka, - ake sibeke ama-asterisk abe ngababili. Xhuma inkanyezi ebhokisini elilodwa ukuya e-asterisk kusuka kwenye. Ingabe wonke ama-asterisks amabili? Cha? Ebhokisini elilodwa kwakuyi-asterisk ngaphandle kwebhangqa? Ngakho-ke, kuneziningi zazo. Ngokusho kwezesayensi lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukusungulwa kwe-one-to-one correspondence. Futhi ngendlela enjengomntwana - ukwakha ngababili. Izingane zithanda kakhulu lo msebenzi. Yiqiniso, indlela kaPeterson ayiyona i-panacea yazo zonke izibalo "zezifo." Futhi, mhlawumbe, esikhathini esithile kamuva kuzoshintshwa okuthile okubaluleke kakhulu: into eyodwa iqinisekile: ingane izohlale idinga ikhono lokucabanga ngokulinganayo - kanye nekhono angakwazi thola ngokudlala izibalo.