Ngaso sonke isikhathi kwakukholelwa ukuthi amakhowe - lokhu kuyindlela enhle yokukhethwa. Esikhathini sethu, lezi fungi zihlale zigcwele. Futhi ngokuba nesipiliyoni, futhi ukuze uthole amakhowe okuqala aqoqe amakhowe kuyinjabulo. Iyini imfihlo? Futhi akukho neze imfihlo nhlobo, nje amakhowe akhula ngamaqembu amakhulu. Ezweni lakithi ungabona izinhlobo eziningana zamakhowe: ophuzi, i-peppery, yangempela (eluhlaza), i-aspen nomnyama.
Ungakuqoqa kanjani amakhowe?
Ngisho noma uhambe ukuqoqa amakhowe okokuqala, awusoze wadibanisa amakhowe namanye amakhowe. Ngokuvamile, amakhowe anezilinganiso eziningana namawele. Umehluko wabo embala futhi okuthiwa mohnatushkah emaphethelweni cap. Ngokuvamile, akuzona ezivelele futhi ezinethezeka njengama-mushroom langempela amakhowe. I-fragile tight podgruzdki, isibonelo, yenza sengathi nje. Banekhanda elomile futhi elibushelelezi, ngaphandle kwe-mohnatushkas, futhi ngisho nokungafi. Amakhowe wangempela ashicilela ubhontshisi obomvu wejusi, ophunga kakhulu futhi obufana noju ngokunamathela kwawo. Ngokuvamile ku-cilia yamacwecwe aphethwe.
I-mackerel yangempela noma eluhlaza ngokweqile ukunambitheka kwayo kanye ne-flavour yiyona eyiyokuqala. It has hat ezimhlophe noma ukhilimu-yellow. Futhi kulolu hatshi kunamanzi amaningi. Futhi ungabona emaphethelweni emaphethelweni athile. Ijusi elimhlophe limhlophe, kodwa emoyeni liphenduka i-yellow-grey ngokushesha. Ema-birch nase-pine-birch amahlathi avela eSiberia eya eYurophu ungathola amakhowe wangempela. Kodwa uma ufuna ukuthola i-mushroom ephuzi-amakhowe, kufanele uqale ukusesha ngesi-spruce noma emahlathini ama-fir-fir. Isigqoko se-mushroom ephuzi sinomthamo wamasentimitha angu-5 kuya ku-15. Ungabona futhi isikhunta esinjalo eYurophu naseMpumalanga Ekude. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lezi amakhowe ezidliwayo zinemibandela, ngoba zingadliwa kuphela ngesimo sosawoti.
Ukuzingela ngempela amakhowe amnyama kuqala ngo-Agasti. Ngokuyinhloko ikhula emahlathini axutshwe futhi e-birch. Kusukela kwezinye izinhlobonhlobo zalezi fungi lihlukile ngobukhulu. Amakhowe amnyama angaba nesigqoko esingamamitha angu-20 ububanzi. Liyinde kakhulu futhi linomzimba, linombala obomvu, omnyama. Ukuze ukhethe amakhowe amnyama, kufanele uqale ubilise. Cishe ngesikhathi esisodwa, i-mushroom ye-aspen ikhula nge-mush mush. Leyo mushanga ingatholakala emahlathini amancane ase-aspen kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya kuSepthemba. Ihlukaniswe isicu esimhlophe esinamabala obomvu noma ama-brownish. Ama-mushroom pepper anegama elinjalo ngesizathu. Ungakwazi ukubeka kalula isisindo. Lewa amakhowe omisiwe, umhlabathi futhi wanezela izitsha ezahlukene njengamasinaphi. Ngokuvamile, i-mushroom eluhlaza ijwayelekile, futhi akudingekile ukuyihlola isikhathi eside. Uma ehlobo akusiyo njalo imvula esindayo, khona-ke kutholakala isivuno samakhowe. Ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba, ungaya ukuzingela amakhowe. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili kuphela ezijwayelekile kakhulu zamakhowe wokukhetha. Manje sizocubungula kokubili.
Ukukhethwa kwamafutha
Iresiphi kagogo
Wonke amakhowe owakhipha ehlathini, udinga ukugeza nokukala. Ngama-kilogram eyodwa amakhowe uzodinga izipuni ezimbili zosawoti. Izinsuku ezimbalwa zamakhowe kumele zigobe, kuyilapho zivame ukushintsha amanzi. Isibonelo, uma ugobile amakhilogremu amathathu amakhowe, kufanele udle amanzi angu-600 ku-pan, ubeke u-6 spoonfuls kasawoti (ngaphandle kwesilayidi, kanye nasemaphethelweni) namakhowe. Uma amakhowe abilayo, kuyadingeka ukuthi ufake i-pepper ne-bay leaf epanini. Amakhowe kufanele agcinwe imizuzu engamashumi amane nanhlanu. Uma amakhowe ekulungele, kufanele athulwe ku-colander, ngenkathi egcina ukhukhuni, uzodinga. Ngemuva kokuba amagilebhisi aqede, uwafake ezimbizeni ngegalikhi, ama-dill namaqabunga ama-currant. Ngisho nalapho amakhowe ephuzwa, qiniseka ukuthi uwathulule kancane kwi-colander (ngeso, i-pinch eyodwa). Ngemuva kokuba amakhowe afakwe emathini, uwagcwalise nge-brine. Phezulu nge-dill isambulela namapuni wezipuni amabili ashubile amafutha, ukuze angadluli umoya. Yiyo yonke imfihlo!
Yilokho umama kagogo omuncu, esiwafunde kakade, ake sibheke enye iresiphi ye-salting ebandayo.
Ngaphambi kokuba usawoti ama-mushroom, udinga ukubala ifomula elilodwa elilula: kusukela esisisindo sonke samakhowe udinga ukuthatha usawoti angu-4%. Ngokuvamile, kilogram ngayinye yamakhowe uzodinga amagremu angu-40 kasawoti. Ngokwesiko, usawoti amakhowe, udinga ukusebenzisa imiphongolo ye-oak. Kodwa-ke, uma ufuna ukukhipha amakhilogremu ambalwa amakhowe, khona-ke izimbiza ezivamile zeglasi zilungile. Khumbula ukuthi ekwetheni okubaluleke kakhulu ukubeka kahle amakhowe. Ngaphansi kwezimbiza udinga ukuthululela usawoti, okuqhubekayo nephunga elihle sibeka amaqabunga e-cherry, i-horseradish, i-currant, i-dill ibonakala ngezikhwepha kanye ne-clove eyodwa noma amabili (ilicucu). Ukuze unike amakhowe ukunambitheka okumnandi, ungangezela iqabunga le-laurel lapho, kodwa lokhu akudingekile. Bese usakaze ama-mushroom ngama-caps phansi, bese ufaka ama-peas ka-2-3 we-pepper nosawoti emgqeni owodwa. Manje phinda konke osuvele ukwenzile, okungukuthi, uphinde uphinde ubeke ungqimba olufanayo futhi kuze kube yilapho ibhange ligcwele. Okuphezulu ngamakhowe agubungele ama-currant namaqabunga ama-cherry. Futhi khumbula, ngaphambi kokuthi ubeke amakhowe emathini, adinga ukuthi athululelwe ku-colander ngeso. Uma nje amakhowe ehlelwe, uwagcwalise nge-brine. Manje faka isembozo embizeni futhi kungcono uma encane kunezintambo zembiza, futhi uma unquma ukasawoti amakhowe kwenye isitsha, ungabeka amakhowe ngephepha. Ukusuka ngenhla kufaka umthwalo, kungaba isisindo, isitsha ngamanzi noma yimuphi omunye into enzima. Emva kwazo zonke lezi zinqubo, wehlisa amakhowe egumbini elingaphansi noma esiqandisini. Amakhowe aqoshiwe kunawo wonke angadliwa ngenyanga noma ingxenye. Ngale ndlela ungagcoba zonke izinhlobo ze-muck. Kodwa kanjani uketshezi amakhowe - indlela eshisayo noma ebandayo - lena ibhizinisi lomsizi womuntu.
Ukukhethwa okushisayo
Amakhowe wezinyanga ngegalikhi, i-horseradish, anyanisi ne-dill, ikhava futhi ufake umthwalo phezulu. Ngakho gcina amakhowe amanzi abandayo kufanele abe ngesonto. Emva kwalokho amakhowe angase avele azame.
Kodwa uma udinga ukukhipha amakhowe amaningi, bese uwafaka esitsheni esenziwe ngogesi, esenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali futhi ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa i-blanching, bese ubilise kuwo imizuzu embalwa imizuzu engamashumi amabili, futhi ukhumbule ukuthi amanzi kufanele agcoke usawoti.
Lapho upheka emanzini, i-foam izovela, kumele isuswe njalo. Uma ama-mushroom ephekwe, uwaphonse phezu kwe-grate bese ushiya amanzi ukuze akhiphe. Ngemuva kwalokho, ama-greaves ayethusiwa njengendlela yokubandayo ye-pickling. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona amakhowe amaningi, khona-ke usawoti awufanele ubekwe ngu-4, kodwa ngo-6% wesisindo esiphelele samakhowe. Ngakho amakhowe azobe esekulungele ezinsukwini ezingamashumi amabili nanhlanu. Okuhle kakhulu kule ndlela yokudumala kufanelekile kumakhowe amnyama.